氟化

A photoresist composition including a polymer is disclosed, wherein the polymer includes at least one monomer having the formula: wherein, R1 is selected from H, linear, branched or circular alkyl with 1-20 carton atoms, linear, branched or circular alkyl with 1-20 C atom, which is perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated; and CN; R2 is alicyclic group with 5 or more carbon atoms; X is selected from methylene, aether, ester, amide and the connecting part of the carbonate; R3 is linear or branched alkylene with one or more carbon atoms or perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated linear or branched alkylene; R4 is selected from H, CH3, CF3, CHF2, CH2F and perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated aliphatic group; R5 is selected from the CF3, CHF2, CH2F and perfluorinated or semi-perfluorinated substituted and unsubstituted aliphatic group; n is 1 or higher integer; OR12 is OH or at least an acid unstable group selected from the tert-alkyl carbonate, tert-alkyl ester, tert-alkyl aether, acetal and ketal.

本发明公开了一种包含一种聚合物的光刻胶组合物，该聚合物包括至少一种具有下列结构的单体：其中，R 1 选自氢、具有1～20个碳原子的线形、支化或环状烷基、半氟化或全氟化的具有1～20个碳原子的线形、支化或环状烷基、以及CN；R 2 为具有5个或更多个碳原子的脂环基团；X为选自亚甲基、醚、酯、酰胺和碳酸酯的连接部分；R 3 为具有1个或多个碳原子的线形或支化亚烷基或者半氟化或全氟化的线形或支化亚烷基；R 4 选自氢、甲基(CH 3 )、三氟甲基(CF 3 )、二氟甲基(CHF 2 )、氟代甲基(CH 2 F)、以及半氟化或全氟化的脂族基团；R 5 选自三氟甲基(CF 3 )、二氟甲基(CHF 2 )、氟代甲基(CH 2 F)、以及半氟化或全氟化的取代或未取代的脂族基团；n为1或更大的整数；OR 12 为OH或者选自叔烷基碳酸酯、叔烷基酯、叔烷基醚、缩醛和缩酮的至少一种酸不稳定基团。

This paper reviewed the relationship between fluoridated milk and dental caries prevention derived from the preceding academic research. Several topics, including milk fluoridation, fluoridated milk in animal and human clinical studies, the effect of fluoridated milk to fluoride concentration in saliva and dental plaque, the bioavailability of fluoridated milk, and the effect on human teeth were discussed.

本文回顾有关牛奶与龋齿间关系以及牛奶氟化以预防龋齿的文献，从牛奶氟化的最初想法，到氟化牛奶的动物实验、人类临床实验，进一步研究对唾液、牙菌斑中含氟量的影响，以及氟化牛奶的生物可得性，最后探讨对人类牙齿的抗酸溶解力的改变。

A clean production technology for fluorine and silica white is introduced, with fluorine-containing gas raw material directly absorbed by ammonium fluoride, or ammonia to obtain ammonium fluorosilicate ,and to get ammonium fluoride and silica white by ammonization, further to manufacture other fluoride product with high value.

介绍一种利用磷肥生产中的含氟废气生产氟化合物与白炭黑的清洁生产方法：用氟化铵或氨直接吸收含氟气体生成氟硅酸铵，然后氨化得氟化铵与白炭黑(SiO2)，氟化铵可进一步加工为其它高价值氟化物产品。

The main products are inorganic fluoride, with the integrated capacity of 150 thousand tons per year, our main products are: synthetic cryolite, aluminium fluoride, sodium fluoride, silica white, hydrofluoride, potassium fluoroborate, potassium fluotitanate, potassium aluminium fluoride, magnesium fluoride, barium fluoride, lithium fluoride ,potassium fluoride, magnesium fluorosilicate, potassium fluorosilicate, potassium fluorosilicate etc.

多氟多公司生产区多氟多化工股份有限公司，公司注册资本8000万元，为河南省高新技术企业，是中国最大的无机氟化盐生产基地之一。综合产能15万吨/年，主要产品有冰晶石、氟化铝氟化钠、白炭黑、氢氟酸、氟硼酸钾、氟钛酸钾、氟铝酸钾、氟化镁、氟化钡、氟锆酸钾、氟化氢铵、氟化铵、氟化钾、氟化锂、氟硅酸钠、氟硅酸钾、氟硅酸镁等。

Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was prepared by chlorinating terephthalic acid, oleumsolvent and iodine catalyst. Tetrachloroterephthalic acid was acylated by sulphurous oxychloride in the presence of DMF to form tetrachloroterephthaloyl chloride. The acyl chloride product was fluorinated by potassium fluoride and esterified by methanol to synthesize dimethyl tetrafluoroterephthalate. The ester was reduced with potassium borohydride and lithium chloride to give tetrafluoroterephthalyl alcohol. The above product was bromated in the hydrobromic acid to obtain 4-bromomethyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol. 4-Methyl-2,3,5,-6-tetrafluorobenzene ethanol was obtained by reducing the bromide with magnesium. In the exist of DCC and DMAP, tefluthrin was got by the condensation reaction between 4-methyl-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-benzene methanol and-(1RS,3RS)- 3-(2- chloro-3,3,3-trifluoro-1-propenyl)-2,2-dimethyl cycolpropanecar-boxylate acid.

对苯二甲酸与氯气在碘存在下以发烟硫酸为溶剂进行氯化制备四氯对苯二甲酸；再以DMF为催化剂与二氯亚砜反应生成四氯对苯二甲酰氯；以氟化钾为氟化剂，环丁砜为溶剂置换氟化，再与甲醇酯化得到四氟对苯二甲酸甲酯；以KBH4-LiCl为还原剂二甲醚为溶剂反应制得四氟对苯二甲基苄醇；以氯苯为溶剂在溴化氢溶液中溴化得到溴化产物；在乙醇溶液中经镁粉还原得到4-甲基-2，3，5，6-四氟苄醇；甲基苄醇与功夫酸在催化剂二环己基碳二亚胺和4-二甲氨基吡啶作用下缩合得到七氟菊酯，总收率达43.6%。

The result indicated that: the amount of the excess HF formed direct ratio to the yield of phosphorus pentafluoride and the optimum amount of the excess HF used is about 35%; the trickling rate of oleum shouldnt make the temperature of hexafluorophosphoric acid exceed 25 ℃ and the amount of oleum is 110% to 125% that of stoichiometry so that the content of phosphorus pentafluoride can be achieved 90%; the time and temperature of heating hexafluorophosphoric acid influenced both the yield and the content of phosphorus pentafluoride, and the optimum time should be about 30 minutes and the proper temperature was 148 to 153℃; when alcohol used asrefrigerant, the content of phosphorus pentafluoride was 94.03%, and the content can be up to 97.38%, provided that using liquid nitrogen as refrigerant.

通过实验发现，氟化氢用量与五氟化磷的产率成正比，最佳过量百分率宜在35％左右；发烟硫酸的滴加速度不能使中间产物温度大于25℃，发烟硫酸用量大于理论量10％～25％时，得到的五氟化磷纯度高于90％；六氟磷酸的加热温度对五氟化磷的产率和纯度均有影响，宜在148～153℃的范围内，加热时间应在30分钟左右；用工业酒精做冷凝介质得到的五氟化磷纯度最高只能到达94.03％，使用液氮做冷凝介质可以使五氟化磷的纯度达97.38％以上。

The process of the present invention consists in bringing into contact, on the one hand, gaseous phosphorus pentafluoride or a gaseous mixture comprising phosphorus pentafluoride and hydrochloric acid, and, on the other hand, a solution of lithium fluoride in hydrofluoric acid, in a column (10) having a sufficient number of transfer units to carry out the reaction of PF5 with LiF under the chosen conditions of temperature, of pressure and of molar ratio of the two contrasting reactants and with complete or substantially complete absorption of the PF5 in the column.

本发明方法是让气态五氟化磷或五氟化磷与盐酸的气态混合物与氟化锂的氟氢酸溶液在塔（10）中接触，该塔转化单元数足以在选定温度、压力与两种反应剂摩尔比条件下使PF5与LiF反应，塔中五氟化磷完全或基本完全被吸收。

This paper, aimed at the problem of drying aluminum fluoride trihydrate, studied the most possible binding format of crystal water, and hereby deduced the process of crystal water dehydration.

本论文针对三水氟化铝的干燥脱水问题，应用晶体结构理论、价键理论以及各种相关化学原理推测了三水氟化铝可能的结晶水结合形式，并据此推断了其结晶水的脱除过程：对氟化铝干燥特性进行了实验研究，研究了温度和升温速率对氟化铝干燥效果的影响：采用非等温TG-DTG法，对三水氟化铝进行了热分解行为和热分解动力学分析，进一步验证了三水氟化铝的脱水过程，并得出了其脱水和水解过程的动力学参数及方程。

The influence of CFC-12 content, effect of fluorination temperature and fluorinating time on the structure and hydrodesulfurization activity of the catalysts were examined systematically. The results revealed that hydrodesulfurization activity of the catalyst fluorinated by 1% CFC-12 at 623 K was obviously improved With an increase of 20%-30% as compared With that of the unfluorinated catalyst, the commercially available BY2 catalyst, and NH4F-fluorinated catalysts.

通过对0.5%~7%各种氟里昂浓度和473~773K各种温度及不同时间氟化处理的样品进行详细考察，发现在623K下由含氟里昂1%的湿空气氟化的载体制备的催化剂样品，其噻吩的加氢脱硫的活性有明显改善，相对於非氟化样品、BY-2工业催化剂以及氟化铵溶液浸渍处理的催化剂活性提高20%~30%，且非常稳定。

Chiral nonracemic fluoro-organic molecules with a fluorine atom on a stereogenic center are readily prepared via chiral electrophilic fluorinating reagent-mediated enantioselective fluorinations, substrate-controlled enantioselective electrophilic fluorinations, chiral metal complexes and asymmetric catalyst—directed catalytic enantioselective fluorinations.

高光学活性的手性氟化物可通过手性亲电氟化试剂诱导的立体选择性氟化反应，基于底物的手性氟化反应以及手性催化剂诱导的不对称催化氟化反应等来制备。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐