气道

Objective To observe the effect of enalapril on airway inflammation in rat models induced by inhaling acrolein and to explore its mechanism.

目的 应用丙烯醛建立气道炎症模型，给予依拉普利进行干预，了解其对气道炎症的影响，并探讨核因子在这一过程中的作用。

Eosinophile, mast cell , basophils, lymphocyte and many kinds of cytokine are involved in this inflammation.

是以气道高反应性和慢性气道炎症为特征的变态反应性疾病，是由嗜酸性粒细胞、肥大细胞、T淋巴细胞等多种炎症细胞和细胞因子参与的气道慢性炎症。

We identified that in vitro ASM promotes fibrocyte chemotaxis and chemokinesis (distance of migration after 4.5 hours, 31 mum [2.9 mum] vs 17 mum [2.4 mum], P =.0001), which was in part mediated by platelet-derived growth factor (mean inhibition by neutralizing antibody, 16% [95% CI, 2% to 32%], P =.03) but not by activation of chemokine receptors.

该研究首次证明：在哮喘中，成纤维细胞存在于哮喘患者气道平滑肌间隔，并可以促进纤维细胞迁移。成纤维细胞在哮喘患者气道平滑肌增生及气道功能障碍过程的所起的作用仍有待研究。

Then, the effects of configuration parameters on performance of inlet/forebody were discussed in detail according the database built during optimization, and the result shows the cowl parameters and isolater height have more important effect on the general performance of inlet/forebody.The analysis method was developed to evaluate the performance of scramjet combustor in direct-connect test.

建立了进气道/前体性能评估方法，采用渐进优化方法在全空间和缩减空间内对进气道/前体进行了两轮优化，优化效果比较显著；根据优化中建立的数据库，深入分析了各构型参数对进气道/前体性能的影响，结果表明外罩构型参数和隔离段高度对进气道/前体综合性能有相对较大的影响。

The predominant pathological characteristics of the chronic airway inflammation are airway inflammation, airway remodeling, mucous hypersecretion and so on.

慢性气道炎症性疾病以气道炎症反应、气道重塑、黏液高分泌等为主要病理特征。

Methods: Raw,SGaw,FEV_1 and FVC were measured using body plethysmograph and after Salbutamol Aerosol were inhaled in 70 asthmatic patients,the changes of the above parameters were observed.Results: There was significant difference in Raw,SGaw and FEV_1 before and after inhalation of Salbutamol Aerosol(P.001,P.001 and P.05 respectively),but there was no significant difference in FVC.

支气管舒张试验是测定气道高反应性的标准方法之一，目前常用的肺功能参数是1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)和用力肺活量，测定时患者需深吸气后用力呼气，易受主观因素影响，出现假象，采用体积描记仪测定气道阻力和比气道传导率则可避免上述不足。

In asthma guinea-pigs, FM could recover immunity inbalance, lighten allergic inflammation of bronchium and hypersusceptibility, inprove the body and bronchial circulation, and had no side-effect like glucocrticoids.

防喘合剂对豚鼠具有免疫调节作用，能控制气道变应性炎症，降低气道高反应性；改善气道局部及全身的循环状态；未见明显的激素样副作用。

This teehnology makes the pulmonary function test go well for children, especially for the children before school age, and also prorides a reliable basis for early diagnosis and early clinical treatment of respiratory diseases.In this paper, I will introduce the clinical applications of bronchiectasis test using impulse oscillometry for children.

脉冲振荡法(impulse oseillometry，10S)是近年来开展的一项肺功能检测，是以外部发生器产生矩形电磁脉冲，通过扩音器转变为各种频率的机械波作为测试源，叠加在被检者静息呼吸上，再通过计算机的复杂运算，可快速、精确得出呼吸系统总气道阻力、中心气道阻力、周围气道阻力和肺顺应性等各参数的数值。

The pharyngonasal, pharyngo oral and pharyngolaryngeal surface were measured, finally the differences of their pharyngeal surface were defined between the control group and the OSAS groups, also the differences among the mild, moderate and the severe OSAS groups.

对120例受试者行上气道CT扫描，分别测出鼻咽腔、口咽腔和喉咽腔截面积的大小，比较OSAS病人和正常人间上气道截面积的差别，以及轻、中、重度OSAS病人间上气道截面积的差别。

Materials and Methods Helical CT was performed with 3.0mm slice thickness and 1.0～1.2 pitch in 10 normal subjects and 36 patients with upper airway diseases. In the healthy group, the upper airway shaded surface display was processed by using different reconstruction interval (1.0～3.0mm) and upper threshold (0～-900HU), while in the patient group, SSD, RaySum and integrated 3D images were made respectively.

材料与方法对10例正常和36例上气道病变的患者进行轴位螺旋CT扫描，层厚3.0mm，正常组采用不同重建间隔、阈值作气道表面遮盖法重建，病变组分别作气道SSD、RaySum重建和叠加成像。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。