气管的

One of the foremost figures in the field of laryngology, Jackson developed the method for the removal of foreign bodies from the lungs and other passages by insertion of tubes through the mouth. For these purposes he devised first an esophagus scope and later a bronchoscope. In his Philadelphia bronchoscope clinic he trained numerous students and physicians in his techniques.

对于从事气管食管科学的医生和研究人员来说，有一个人是永远不应当被忘记的，他就是美国19世纪著名的耳鼻咽喉科医生薛瓦利埃·杰克逊，他研制和推广使用的气管食管镜检查技术沿用至今，使从事气管食管学的医生、麻醉师和胸外科医生从中受益，使无数气管食管异物患者起死回生，他诲人不倦、甘为人梯的育人品格也值得我们学习和借鉴。

The pollutive bacteria respectively inoculates in the new-made yogurt drink, the color deterioration is observed, thus the reason of the color deterioration of the Yogurt drink is the bacterial pollution .

目的初步观察传统气管插管操作方法对气管内细菌污染的影响，并评价保护性气管插管操作方法预防气管内细菌污染的效果。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a).

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a). Thickened tracheal cartilage with irregular calcification is seen with CT (Fig 10b).

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a). Thickened tracheal cartilage with irregular calcification is seen with CT (Fig 10b). Multiple nodules, with or without calcification, may project into the airway lumen.

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

Results For patients who had trouble in preoperative intubation, the success rate was 100% using fiberoptic bronchoscopy.（2）The success rate of taking out the heterobjectives under induction of paediatric and adult bronchoscopy was 100%.（3）Postoperative and burned patients who went through sputum suction and alveolus lavement with fiberoptic bronchoscopy healed quicker.（4）The application of fiberoptic bronchoscopy had saved dyspnea patients＇ life through sputum suction and alveolus lavement.

结果 （1）对于外科手术前插管困难者，利用气管镜进行插管成功率为100％；（2）利用小儿气管镜及成人气管镜进行气管内异物取出成功率为100％；（3）在外科手术后病人及烧伤病人吸痰、肺泡灌洗对病人的愈合缩短了时间；（4）对呼吸困难的病人吸痰、肺泡灌洗解决呼吸道通畅，挽救了病人的生命。

Malacia trachea must reach effective suspension no matter in what levels , directions and ways , and tracheotomy must .

采用不同平面不同方向及不同方式的气管悬吊术都必须使软化的气管达到有效的悬吊，若气管悬吊无效时即行气管切开手术。

By the examination of MRI, histopathology, and the caculation of survival rate and percentage of patency, the viability of graft status of autograft tracheas wrapped in one-side sternomastiod muscule flap and two-side sternohyoid muscle flap based on different pedicle, effects of neck muscle associated with bFGF on length of autografts, and limit of warm ischemia time on tracheal allograft before cryopreservation were evaluated in rabbits.

中文题名气管移植的实验研究副题名外文题名 Experiment research of tracheal transplatation 论文作者张锋导师周刚教授学科专业外科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中国协和医科大学学位授予日期2002 论文页码总数89页关键词气管移植馆藏号BSLW /2003 /R655 /7 肿瘤、先天性疾病、炎症或其他原因引起的气管狭窄，切除病变气管行气管端端吻合术是最理想的方法。

Methods Ninety elective patients undergoing general anesthesia for hysterectomy were randomly assigned to two equal groups. GroupⅡreceived endotracheal intubation protected by sterilized transparent sleeve while groupⅠcorrespondingly adopted unprotective classical endotracheal intubation. Endotracheal swab sampling and bacterial counting were performed on the principle of aseptic processing before endotracheal intubation and extubation, respectively.

90例在全身麻醉下行择期全子宫切除术的患者随机分为两组，每组45例，Ⅰ组采用传统的气管插管操作方法，Ⅱ组采用无菌透明隔离套保护的气管插管操作方法，在气管插管前和拔管前分别按照无菌操作原则实施气管内试子取样，进行菌落计数。

Methods insert the stomach tube nasal cavity, with the help of intubating ferceps, take the stomach tube out of mouth cavity from the posterior wall of dysphagia, insert trachea catheter (cid 7.0~7.5) to esophagus, under the help of trachea catheter, insert the stomach tube to esophagus then take the trachea catheter out of the esophagus and vertical, cutting off, in the course of into esophagus.

经鼻腔插入胃管，用插管钳将胃管从咽后壁前取出口腔外，用id 7.0～7.5的气管导管插入食管，在气管导管诱导下将胃管经气管导管插入食管，然后将胃管向食管内送进，同时将气管导管退出，将胃管置入相当合适的深度后，固定胃管。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。