气管的

RESULT: In vitro, TISE at the concentrations of 760 and 380 mgL-1 had significant antagonistic effect on the normal bronchus slice contraction caused by histamine as well as on the sensitized bronchus slice contraction caused by egg albumin, but had no effect on the contraction caused by acetylcholine. in vivo, TISE at doses of 25 and 18 mgkg-1 could significantly prolong the latent period of expiratory dyspnea, tic and falling down caused by egg albumin in sensitized guinea pigs.

结果：离体实验，TISE 760，380 mgL-1对组胺致正常豚鼠气管片的收缩具有对抗作用，对卵白蛋白所致的致敏豚鼠支气管平滑肌收缩有极显著的抑制作用(P＜0.01)，而对乙酰胆碱所致气管片收缩无明显影响；整体实验，TISE 25，18 mgkg-1可显著延长卵白蛋白所致的致敏豚鼠呼吸困难、抽搐和跌倒的潜伏期(P＜0.01)。

Objective To explore the diagnostic value of transbronchial needle aspiration in the mediastinal lymphadenopathy and lung tumors.Methods TBNA and brushing biopsy were performed in 67 patients with mediastinal lymphadenopathy or with extrabronchial tumors,then the TBNA ang brushing biopsy were compared with the traditional ring clamp biopsy.

目的 探讨经气管镜行纵隔淋巴结及肺部肿瘤针吸活检联合刷检的诊断作用方法对经CT检查的67例纵隔淋巴结肿和叶、段支气管腔外占位的患者通过经气管镜行针吸活检和刷检并与传统的常规钳取活检对照。

PART FOUR EFFECTS OF MIL-4RA EXPRESSION VECTOR ON ASTHMATIC AIRWAY INFLAMMATION AND TH1/TH2 CELL DISFUNCTION THROUGH INTRAPERITONEAL ADMINISTRATION In the study of part three, we treated the mouse asthmatic model by intratracheal administration with mIL-4RA expression plasmid and observed obvious therapeutic effects. But intratracheal administration belongs to one of the insult therapies.

第四部分：腹腔注射mIL-4RA重组载体对哮喘小鼠气道炎症及Th失衡的干预作用前一部分研究中我们通过气道局部干预途径，即气管内直接滴注的方式，观察到mIL-4RA真核表达质粒对哮喘小鼠具有很好的治疗作用，但气管内滴注毕竟属有创性治疗，存在需要实验条件高，有较大的风险性，不易反复进行等缺点，这势必大大限制其在动物实验及进一步临床研究中的实际应用价值。

The results showed that cotton swab and foam swab were the main oral care cleaning equipment used for oral intubated patients according to observations of ICU nurses performing oral care and self-reported questionnaires of ICU nurses. The cleaning solution was mainly dilute mouthwash. The mean correct rate was 72.4% in procedures of oral care. Due to the different characteristics of ICUs, the ICU nurses chose different cleaning equipment, cleaning solutions, methods of using cleaning solution, and oral endotracheal tube securement methods. Older age of the ICU nurses, was associated with more complete oral care. The completeness of performing oral care by the ICU nurses in medical ICU was significantly higher than that by nurses in surgical ICU.

研究结果发现，在实际观察护理人员执行口腔护理和护理人员自我报告口腔护理使用的清洁工具与溶液，口腔棉棒与海绵洁牙棒是气管内管留置病人口腔护理主要的清洁工具，清洁溶液主要选择以自来水或开水稀释的漱口水；口腔护理步骤平均得分百分比为74.2％；因护理人员所属加护病房性质不同，护理人员选择口腔护理之清洁工具、清洁溶液、清洁溶液使用方式及气管内管固定方式有所不同；护理人员年龄越年长，其执行口腔护理步骤完整率越高；内科系加护病房护理人员执行口腔护理步骤的完整性显著高於外科系加护病房护理人员。

The bacteria culture was done for the endotracheal tube, the expiration and inspiration entrance of the anesthesia machine, and the soda lime in eighty general anesthesia patients. Results There are no bacteria growing in the new and the polluted new soda lime at the different stages.

对麻醉机的CO2吸收剂钠石灰进行不同时期细菌培养，菌株污染新的钠石灰进行菌落计数， 80例气管插管全身麻醉病人在手术麻醉结束前对病人的气管导管端、麻醉机的呼气端、吸气端、钠石灰行细菌培养。

Will nurse now the introduction is as follows. 1 clinical data this group patient of 58 tuberculosis big haemoptysis, male 38, female 20; age 20 years old of ~75 year old; haemoptysis all exceeds 500mL inside quantity 24h, 10 when exceed 800mL among them, 5 of shock of amalgamative and exsanguine sex, 3 when amalgamative haemoptysis chokes. 58 ill average per capita live in the rescue room of my division, rescue is indoor set major to protect personnel especially, 24h is on duty, did not accompany protect, via be treated actively and nursing, all ill average per capita gets controlling in the 1 haemoptysis inside week. 2 nurse 2.1 after doing good rescue to prepare be in hospital of patient of phthisical big haemoptysis, all arrange in rescue room, interior equipment good oxygen, attract implement, appearance of custody of report of bag of tracheal spile, tracheal incision, heart, synchronous lung ventilator, except quiver the rescue equipment such as appearance and relevant rescue medicines and chemical reagents, if appear,choke wait for critical condition, in order to facilitate rescue. Rescue of 2.2 environments requirement is indoor should maintain air fresh, temperature is appropriate, keep quiet and eliminate all sorts of undesirable stimulation, avoid family member visit, reduce air pollution and alternate infection.

现将护理介绍如下。1临床资料本组58例肺结核大咯血病人，男38例，女20例；年龄20岁~75岁；咯血量24h内均超过500mL，其中超过800mL的10例，合并失血性休克的5例，合并咯血窒息的3例。58例病人均住在我科的抢救室，抢救室内设有专业特护人员，24h值班，没有陪护，经积极治疗和护理，全部病人均在1周内咯血得到控制。2护理2.1做好抢救预备肺结核大咯血病人住院后均布置在抢救室，室内备好氧气、吸引器、气管插管、气管切开包、心电监护仪、同步呼吸机、除颤仪等抢救器材及相关抢救药品，若出现窒息等危急情况，以便于抢救。2.2环境要求抢救室内要保持空气新鲜，温度适宜，保持恬静和消除各种不良刺激，避免家属探视，减少空气污染和交叉感染。2.3。。。

Design, Setting, and Patients After exposure to an index patient whose fatal illness was characterized by fever and hemorrhage at a primary care hospital and regional tertiary care hospital's isolation ward, secondary cases with febrile illness who were suspected of being exposed were tested for antibodies against Anaplasma phagocytophilum and by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing for A phagocytophilum DNA.

2006年11月9日与17日之间在中国安徽省的一家地区医院中，为数9人的具有发烧和其它症状的病人被诊断患有HGA。这些病人都没有被蜱叮咬过。但所有这9位病人都在指标病例死亡前12小时内与其有过接触，该指标病例被怀疑患有致命性HGA，她出现了大出血并接受了气管内插管（即将一根柔韧的塑胶管子置放在气管中以帮助肺部的通气。）。

The value of preopera- tive esophageal insufflation test, indications of this procedure, the advantages of the new surgical technique, and possible factors affecting successful TE speech were discussed. The TE fistula with using voice prosthesis technique has proved to be a rela- tively simple, safe and effective method of alaryn- geal speech rehabilitation.

本文就手术适应症、术前食管充气试验的意义，新手术技术的优点及影响气管—食管语言功能的因素等进行了讨论，认为行气管—食管造瘘术并应用发音管是—简单、安全、有效的无喉语言重建方法。

Although there has been great progress in tracheal stents, ideal stents need further development and exploration.

现行的气管支架已经有了很大的进步与发展，但理想的气管支架还有待进一步的深入开发与研究。

And try to find out the effect of TSA on the proliferation and differentiation of rat tracheal stem cell. Methods 1.Preparation of 5-Fu Model and TSA treatment Two weeks" Wistar rats provided by the animal center of the China Medical University. The animals were sacrificed by 10% Chloral Hydrate 0.4ml/100g. Then the tracheas were excised aseptically. Then they were douched with PBS and cultured in 1:1 mix of Dulbecco"s modified Eagle"s medium and Ham"s F-12 medium (DMEM/F12) containing 120 mg/ml 5-Fu and 10% fetal bovine serum for 12h at 37°C. The tissues were then refreshed by culturing in DMEM/F12 containing 10% FBS and 200nM TSA.

1、制备气管损伤模型及剥离上皮取约200克左右的Wistar大鼠，雌雄不限(中国医科大学实验动物中心提供)，腹腔注射10%水合氯醛0.4ml/100g，无菌条件下取出气管，无菌PBS反复冲洗，洗净血液和粘液，置于DMEM/F12培养液中(含10%胎牛血清)，于培养液中加入终浓度为100mg/ml的5-Fu，37℃，5%CO2孵育12小时，弃去上述培养液，换成新鲜DMEM/F12液(含10%胎牛血清)，同时加入终浓度为200nM的TSA继续培养，于换液后3、6、12、24、48小时分别10%中性福尔马林固定，石蜡包埋，制成4μm厚的组织切片。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。