气成的

Based on available effort and information,the authors summarize the temporal-spatial relation between the distribution of CO_2 and hot fluid flow, analyse the positive and negative effect of the hot fluid flow on CO_2 accumulation, and build up the model of CO_2 accumulation dominated by hot fluid diapir.

在前人的研究基础上，详细地总结了CO2分布与热流体活动在平面、纵向和时间上的对应特征，认为热流体活动与CO2分布的确存在一定的对应关系；同时，认为热流体可以促进CO2气源形成，可作为CO2气运移的载体，同时促进运移通道的扩大，也为CO2气运移提供能量，流体在上侵过程中与围岩发生反应，改造了CO2气储层，热流体在向上释放能量的过程中，造成上覆地层的拱起，形成圈闭，最终也可控制CO2气成藏。

The research shows that in the Yinggehai basin, the formation of CO_(2) reservoir which is crust-sourced and crust-mental-mixed-sourced, mainly controlled by local action of hot fluid in the mud diapir area which is multi terms and multi zones and by physical-chemical mechanism of very thick marine calcareous sandstone and mudstone of Pliocene-Miocene. The volcano- and mantle-sourced CO_(2) in the Qiongdongnan basin and Pearl River Mouth basin is mainly controlled by volcanos activities and by the exist of large faults which reached to base to connect the gas from the mantle. According to different mechanism ang formation of reservoir os the the crustal rock-chemical genesis and volcano-and mantle-sourced CO_(2), we can follow the source of it, analysis and predict the migration and accumulation and distribution model of gas and espacially CO_(2), so as to help to make the plan of petroleum exploration and reduce the risk of exploration.

认为：莺歌海盆地壳源型及壳幔混合型CO2的形成及富集成藏，主要受控于泥底辟热流体晚期分层、分块和多期的局部上侵活动，和巨厚的上新统—中新统海相含钙砂泥岩的物理化学综合作用，且CO2运聚分布规律亦具多期和分层、分区的特点；琼东南盆地东部及珠江口盆地火山幔源成因型CO2则主要受控于幔源型火山活动和沟通深部气源的基底深大断裂的导气配置作用，CO2运聚富集规律与幔源型火山活动及深大断裂的发育展布密切相关，CO2主要来自地壳深部幔源火山活动所伴生的大量CO2；因此，根据壳源岩石化学成因型CO2与火山幔源成因型CO2不同成因机理及成藏条件，可以追踪CO2气源，可分析和预测天然气尤其是CO2的运聚分布规律，可为天然气勘探部署及决策提供依据，可减少和降低勘探风险。

It is shown that in the basins in the Eastern China, onshore and offshore, the formation of CO2 reservoir is crust-sourced and crust-mantal-mixed-sourced, mainly controlled by local activity of hot fluid into the mud diapir area in multi-phase and multi-zones in physical-chemical mechanism of very thick marine calcareous sandstone and mudstone of Pliocene-Miocene. The volcano- and mantle-sourced CO2 in the Qiongdongnan Basin and Pearl River Mouth Basin is mainly controlled by magmatism and major faults which cut through the basements and link to the mantle gas.

研究表明，中国东部陆相断陷盆地与东海陆架盆地及南海北部陆架琼东南盆地东部和珠江口盆地的CO2气藏及高含CO2油气藏中CO2均属典型的火山幔源型成因，主要受控于幔源型火山活动脱气与沟通深部气源的基底深大断裂的导气配置作用，其运聚富集规律及控制因素与幔源型火山活动及深大断裂的发育展布密切相关，CO2气源主要来自地壳深部幔源火山活动所脱出的大量原始CO2；南海北部陆架西区莺歌海盆地CO2气藏及中国东部陆相断陷盆地部分高含CO2油气藏中CO2，则属于壳源型及壳幔混合型成因，CO2形成及运聚成藏，主要受控于火山侵入活动对碳酸盐岩的烘烤和泥底辟热流体晚期分层分块多期的局部上侵活动与沉积巨厚的海相含钙砂泥岩的物理化学综合作用，其运聚分布规律具多期和分层分区的特点。

Based on the study of the characteristics of deposition and lithofacies paleogeography, and factors that controlled the forming and distribution of reservoir of the Leikoupo Formation in Eastern Sichuan and its neighbour areas, this dissertation thoroughly studied the characteristics of the Leikoupo Formation petroleum system by means of dissecting gas pools which are being explorated, and guided with the new theory and method of petroleum system.

本论文的主要目的是在研究川东及邻区雷口坡组的沉积、岩相--古地理特征、储层形成控制因素和分布规律的基础上，通过已知气藏成藏条件解剖，以成气系统的新理论和新方法为指导，全面分析雷口坡组的成油气系统特点，最终对其成气系统进行划分和评价，从而指出勘探新领域。

Taking the eastern sag of the Liaohe basin where coal, oil and gas resources coexist and the Wangying borefield of the Fuxin basin where coalbed gas was first discovered, researched and developed in China as examples, we systematically discuss the control of volcanism on the lateral and vertical distribution of brown coal, flame coal and gas coal in the third member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation and on the gas source conditions of each coal region. Both the methane released in the process of regional plutonic metamorphism and the additional methane generated by contact metamorphism are calculated. The physical properties and storage capacity of the coal beds changed greatly due to the formation of blackcoal and highlymetamorphosed crevice coal from igneous intrusion. The sealing capacity of intrusions with various occurrences such as dikes is highlighted.

以煤、油、气共生的辽河盆地东部凹陷和我国首次在矿井中发现、研究、开发煤层气藏的阜新盆地王营井田为例，系统地阐述了火山活动在古近系沙河街组三段对褐煤、长焰煤和气煤在平面及垂向分布的控制，进而导致各赋煤区气源条件的不同；估算了王营井田在区域深成变质过程释放甲烷气的基础上，接触变质作用所形成的附加甲烷量；指出由于岩浆侵入形成了天然焦和高变质裂隙煤，使煤层物理性质及储集能力发生了大的变化；强调了岩墙等不同产状的岩浆侵入岩体对煤层气的封闭作用。

Taking the eastern sag of the Liaohe basin where coal, oil and gas resources coexist and the Wangying borefield of the Fuxin basin where coalbed gas was first discovered, researched and developed in China as examples, we systematically discuss the control of volcanism on the lateral and vertical distribution of brown coal, flame coal and gas coal in the third member of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation and on the gas source conditions of each coal region. Both the methane released in the process of regional plutonic metamorphism and the additional methane generated by contact metamorphism are calculated. The physical properties and storage capacity of the coal beds changed greatly, due to the formation of blackcoal and highly-metamorphosed crevice coal from igneous intrusion. The sealing capacity of intrusions with various occurrences such as dikes is highlighted.

以煤、油、气共生的辽河盆地东部凹陷和我国首次在矿井中发现、研究、开发煤层气藏的阜新盆地王营井田为例，系统地阐述了火山活动在古近系沙河街组三段对褐煤、长焰煤和气煤在平面及垂向分布的控制，进而导致各赋煤区气源条件的不同；估算了王营井田在区域深成变质过程释放甲烷气的基础上，接触变质作用所形成的附加甲烷量；指出由于岩浆侵入形成了天然焦和高变质裂隙煤，使煤层物理性质及储集能力发生了大的变化；强调了岩墙等不同产状的岩浆侵入岩体对煤层气的封闭作用。

Based on the comparison of oil-rich and gas-rich sag s in the Bohai Bay basin,two main controlling factors of gas reservoir-forming are summarized: gas-rich sag s have source rock of partial humic or high maturation sapropel type;thick abnormal pressure mudstone in lower Tertiary is the cap,or "quilt".

对比研究渤海海域及周边陆地油区主要气田特征，发现渤海海域天然气成藏的主控因素有两点：存在相对富气凹陷，气源岩为偏腐殖型或高成熟腐泥型；富气凹陷的古近系发育高压异常厚层泥岩封盖层。

During hollow spindle spinning, the yarn package rotates at a high speed, yarn untwists from the package and forms a balloon. The yarn balloon phenomenon exists commonly in spinning processes. The shape of yarn balloon is a general displacement of the forces acts on the balloon yarn. There is a close relationship between the yarn balloon shape and the forces acts on the balloon. The balloon shape is decided by the spinning force, on the contrary, we can find the value of the spinning force according to the yarn balloon shape. To a great extent, the spinning tension impacts the yarn structure and quality.

空心锭子纺纱过程中，纱线卷装随锭子高速转动并退绕，因而产生了气圈现象，气圈是纺纱过程中比较普遍的现象，气圈的形态是纺纱过程中气圈纱线受力的综合体现，纱线张力与气圈形态密切相关，纱线张力决定了气圈形态，反之则可根据气圈形态算出纱线张力，纺纱张力在很大程度上会影响成纱的结构和质量，而纺纱张力不便直接测量，因此通过观察气圈形态来估计纺纱张力是十分可行的。

Huangqiao carbon dioxide gas field in North Jiangsu Basin have the following characteristics: deep gas fields are associated with shallow ones, marine gas fields are coupled with continental ones, and several gas reservoirs are combined. Carbon dioxide in Huangqiao area mainly comes from deep mantle, mixed with a little thermal metamorphism and a little organic carbon dioxide in shallow formation, and helium and nitrogen gas mainly come from mantle. There is a good time\|space matching relationship between carbon dioxide gas reservoirs and great rifts, magma and volcano activity, which forms the special carbon dioxide gas reservoir mode for Huangqiao. This mode has good sealing, trapping and preserving conditions, but its gas source differs from traditional hydrocarbon gas reservoirs.

苏北盆地黄桥CO2气田具有深部气田与浅部气田、海相气田与陆相气田匹配组合互成一体、多个气藏组合分布的特点，其CO2主要以深部幔源成因为主，浅层混有部分热变质成因和少量有机成因CO2，氦气和氮气主要为幔源成因，而且，黄桥地区CO2气藏的发育与深大断裂和岩浆火山活动具有很好的时空配置关系，形成了独特的&黄桥式&CO2气成藏模式，并具备良好的储盖圈保条件。

In order to satisfy the real-time control of air/fuel ratio,this model was simplified based on two supposals as follows:(1) the intake air mass flow rate has a linear form with the product of the two established expressions,the throttle angle expression and the intake air pressure expres...

为满足基于模型进行空燃比实时控制的要求，基于以下两个假设对模型进行了简化：(1)假设进气流量与模型所建立的关于节气门开度和进气压力的表达式的乘积成线性关系；(2)充量系数和进气压力的乘积与进气压力成线性关系。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。