气层

At first, numerical simulation are made on the temporal developing gas-phase mixing layer where the convective mach number is in the region of subsonic(0.5) and transonic(0.8). For the temporal problem where Mc is 0.5, researches where the computational field contains different numbers of initial disturbances(so-called n period problem) are made respectively, and vortex's types of evolution in mixing layer including different numbers of initial disturbances are investigated; For the temporal problem where Mc is 0.8, the distinct shock let structure is obtained, and its mechanism is analyzed at the same time.

文中首先对对流马赫数为亚声速(0.5)、跨声速(0.8)的时间发展单气相混合层作了数值研究，对Mc为亚声速单气相时间发展混合层，分别研究了计算域包含不同数目的初始扰动周期问题，考查了不同周期数的混合层中涡的不同演化方式；对Mc为跨声速的单气相时间发展混合层，得到了清晰的小激波结构，同时分析了小激波的形成机理。

First, from the macro view of gaswater distribution and movement law, the formation mechanisms of edge water, inlayer water and interlayer water, as well as the three basic models of water breakthrough in gas wells were analyzed. Then from the microscopic angle, this paper studied the reservoir pore structure and rock wettability of loose sandstone gas reservoir, and analyzed their control effect on gas reservoir's original gaswater distribution.

首先从宏观气水分布及气水运动规律的角度出发，分析了边水、层内水、层间水的形成机理和气井见水的3种基本模式；然后从微观角度，对疏松砂岩气藏的储层孔隙结构及岩石润湿性进行了研究，分析其对气藏原始气水分布的控制作用。

Qaidam basin is located in north of Qinghai province, and it is a large Mesozoicand Cenozoic oleaginous basin ,the total acreage is about 12×104km2. Sanhu regionin east of Qaidam basin is explored and founded the Quaternary biogas, the thicknessof Quaternary strata is 3200m;the diagenesis is in low degree, high porosity and highpermeability;the sand and mud are interbeddings, sand is reservior and mud is gassource rock and cover rock;stock size of Quaternary biogas achieve 12476×108m3 ,the explored geological reserve is 1472×108m3, the third class reserve is about 3500×108m3. It is the region where founded the largest scale of biogas in the world.

柴达木盆地地处青海省西北部，是我国西部一个大型中新生代陆相含油气盆地，总面积约12×104km2，柴达木盆地东部的三湖地区主要勘探第四系生物气藏，第四系地层厚3200m；地层成岩程度低，高孔高渗；第四系砂、泥岩互层，其中砂岩为储集层，泥岩为气源岩和盖层；第四系生物气资源量达12476×108m3，已探明地质储量1472×108m3，三级储量约3500×108m3，是目前世界上第四系发现生物气规模最大的地区。

The author respectively gave a brief account of the basic characteristics of ancient and today's geothermic field at 1000m and 2000m depth, coal measure strata pressure field at the depth less than 1600m, structural stress field from Jurassic to present, and ancient and today's fluid potential field (that is water potential and gas potential distributing in coal measure strata).

在本区瓦斯分带、已知煤层气显示及其组分研究基础上，探讨了低煤级煤层气的生成机制，指出生成的煤层气应包括褐煤阶段的原生生物甲烷气、长焰煤—气肥煤阶段的热成因甲烷气和煤层埋藏阶段的次生生物甲烷气三种成因甲烷气体；进而论述了煤储层含气饱和度、临界解吸压力、临储压力比、地解压差等甲烷解吸特征，实测与理论含气量、煤层气资源量与资源丰度等煤储层含气性特征。

Lithologies are mostly sand and carbonate rocks, caps are mud rock, shale and magmatite. Entrap types are anticline, fault block rebuilt by breaking and the screened entrap diapered rock mass. The composition is CO_2, N_2, CH_4, C_2H_6 and He etc. It is magma air source body and its geologic fashions are intrusion and buried volcanic conduit. The relations between gas reservoirs and gas source bodies have three types: magma intrusion-breaking-communicated gas reservoir, magma intrusion-contacted CO_2 reservoir and buried volcanic conduit-contacted gas reservoir. The CO_2 migration in magma intrusion is consisted of fusing and crystallizing phases;it in volcanic conduit is consisted of near-surface effusion and crystallizing phases.The buoyancy of CO_2 in water far more than migration resistance in breaking or chink, CO_2 is easy float upward, the floating can results in differentiation of different density gases and concentration of sealed gas. The gas in sand reservoir firstly migrate into the higher porosity and coefficient of permeability sand, and along with the pressure going up it migrate into the lower. In magma intrusion-breaking-reservoir migration, CO_2 firstly migrate into watered breaking, began gravity differentiation and concentrate, the gas pressure time and again go up, CO_2 migrate into reservoir and concentrate under expansibility as the pressure reach upward a given extend. The CO_2 in reservoir experience four breaking modes: chemistry deposition, dissolution, diffusion and mechanic breaking, the pressure balance can be broken by faulting and the CO_2 will further migrate and form new reservoir.

济阳坳陷已发现的八里泊、阳25、平方王、平南、高青、花17 CO_2气藏主要储集层位有奥陶系、中生界、沙四段、沙三段、沙一段、馆陶组和明化镇组，储集层岩性以砂岩和碳酸盐岩为主，盖层以泥质岩、页岩和岩浆岩为主。；圈闭类型主要为受断裂改造的背斜、断块及刺穿岩体遮挡圈闭。；气体成分主要有CO_2、N_2、CH_4、C_2H_6、He等。；主要气源体为岩浆气源体，气源体的主要地质形式为侵入体和埋藏的火山通道。；气藏和气源体的空间关系有岩浆侵入体一断裂一气藏沟通型、岩浆侵入体-CO_2气储集层接触型和埋藏火山通道-气储集层接触型三种类型。；岩浆侵入体CO_2气运移分为熔融运移阶段和结晶运移阶段，火山通道中CO_2气运移分成近地表喷发阶段和结晶运移阶段。；断裂中，CO_2在水中的浮力远大于运移阻力，CO_2气容易上浮，CO_2在断裂中的易浮性导致不同密度气体的分异和走向上封闭的断裂气体相对富集。；气体在砂岩储集层运移聚集具有选择性，会优先进入孔隙度和渗透率较高的砂岩，随着压力增加，才会进入孔隙度和渗透率较低的砂岩；在岩浆气源体-断裂-储集层空间输导格架下，CO_2气在膨胀力的驱动下，首先进入含水的断裂并重力分异而聚集，气体压力会不断增高，当压力增至一定程度，CO_2气会向高孔隙度、渗透率的储集层运移并聚集。；在岩浆气源体-储集层接触空间输导格架下，CO_2气受膨胀力的驱动直接向储集层运移并聚集。；成藏的CO_2气会经历化学沉淀、溶解、扩散和机械破坏四种破坏方式，会受断裂切割而打破压力平衡，沿断裂进一步运移和聚集成藏。

While analyzing the gas-well performance , it must consider the continuity of comprehensive process of natural gas from gas bed to ground.

进行气井动态分析时，必须考虑到天然气从气层到地面这一综合流程的连续性。

The test result shows that using erossplot of AVO attributes sections to confirm the ranges of oil and gas-bearing bend in hydrocarbon reservoirs is effective. The lithologic parameters calculation is the key step of AVO inversing.

验证结果表明，利用AVO属性剖面的交会图确定气层范围是一种有效的方法，其岩性参数计算是AVO反演技术中的关键。

In order to enlarge applied field of autoclaved aerated concrete block, China engineering building standardization association sent down "A class Autoclaved aerated concrete block and brickwork structure technology rules". The rules point out definitely building autoclaved aerated concrete block tier building can only use A class Autoclaved aerated concrete block.

为了将蒸压加气混凝土砌块推广应用至具有节能、抗震保障的多层承重建筑，扩大应用领域，以求得加气混凝土行业的更大发展，中国工程建设标准化协会砌体结构委员会已下达了，《A类蒸压加气混凝土砌块砌体结构技术规程》，规程将明确指出建造加气混凝土砌块多层房屋只能用A类蒸压加气混凝土砌块。

On methanol engine combustion cyclic variations is made on a 1130 single-cylinder diesel engine fueled with methanol.

试验结果表明，甲醇发动机的燃烧循环变动主要取决于着火延迟期的长短和缸内混合气层状浓度分布是否合理。

The Xujiahe formation in south Sichuan basin is featured by continental clastic sedimentary, thin sand mud interbed, and the welldeveloped sandstone in this area, however, its lithology is tight and its physical properties is poor. In the case of gas bearing, the acoustic velocity difference between the sandstone and the shale is too little to make clear responses on seismic data, as a result, it is very difficult to conduct the gasbearing prediction and to analyze the gasbearing range distribution by means of conventional impedance inversion and hydrocarbon detection.

四川盆地蜀南地区上三叠统须家河组为一套砂泥岩互层的陆相碎屑岩沉积，砂岩发育，但岩性致密，物性较差，砂岩储层含气后的速度与页岩速度相差不大，在地震剖面上无明显的响应，因而采用常规波阻抗反演和含气检测技术不能有效解决该类含气储层识别问题和含气范围展布问题。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。