气孔

In addition, there are bond areas between the new and the primary coverage because of the growing up of the plating coat, which may lead to the emergence of micro crack on the coating owing to such causes as too big or uneven impact during plating process, little distortion of global granular zinc dust inside the plating coat, less tight coalescence of the zinc dust flecks.

由于形成镀层的过程处在酸性环境，在镀层增厚过程中不可避免把酸性溶液包裹在镀层里面，酸性溶液会与金属基体和镀层反应，产生氢气，必然会寻找通道选出，形成微气孔；镀层是逐渐形成的，新生镀层与原有镀层之间存在结合面；镀覆过程由于撞击力过大或者不均匀，镀层内部球形颗粒状锌粉变形较小，球形颗粒与球形颗粒的结合不严密等，这些原因会导致镀层产生微裂纹。

As the weld deep and narrow, fast cooling rate, weld porosity generated in the process may not have enough time to escape from the melting zone.

由于焊缝深而窄，冷却速度又快，焊接过程中产生的气孔不一定有足够的时间从熔化区逸出。

Reduce the melting zone porosity methods include: welding pre-cleaning, welding process using inert gas welding area and selection of the full protection of the lower cooling rate of the welding parameters.

降低熔化区气孔率的方法包括：焊前清洗、焊接过程中用惰性气体充分保护焊接区和选择较低冷却速度的焊接参数。

The results show that the leaf of Alnus cremastogyne is typical of bifacial leaf, the structural parameters of leaf among clones are very significant difference (P.01), of which the cuticle thickness varies most and the stoma density takes the second place, but cell tense ratio and spongy ratio and vein protuberant degree are comparatively stable.

结果表明，桤木叶为典型的异面叶，各无性系间叶片结构指标均存在极显著差异，其中角质层厚度变异最大，气孔密度次之，而叶片组织结构紧密度、叶片组织结构疏松度和叶脉突起度等比较稳定。

The main sceneries are pillow shape basalt , amygdaloidal basalt , columnar jointing basalt , slaggy basalt and volcanic stone dragon .

主要现象有枕状玄武岩，杏仁状或气孔状玄武岩，柱状节理玄武岩，渣状熔岩和火山石龙。

In recent years, with the advanced requirements for speedup and heavy load from rail transport, the advanced requirements for the property of supporting pedestal have been proposed. The inherent defectivenesses which include the low mechanical property, low fatigue ductility and low shock resistance of cast-steel product, and the avoidless gas cavity, shrinkage porosity, inclusion, crack, etc in cast-steel product, existed in the product of Cast-steel supporting pedestal, have threatened the high speed and safe running of railroad.

近年来，随着铁路运输对重载、高速要求的提高，对关键部件支撑座的性能要求也在提高，铸钢支撑座产品存在的固有缺陷(铸钢件本身的机械性能、疲劳韧性、抗冲击性能都不高，铸件产品无法避免地存在气孔、缩松、夹杂、裂纹等)对铁路高速安全运行已构成威胁。

The leaf epidermis structures of 6 species of Rhododendron had been observed under LM and SEM. The results show that all share together common features as follows: the leaf blades are typical back-abdomen bifacial types, the upper epidermis are formed by two or three layer bigger cells which inside layer cell is bigger than outside one, and the upper epidermis are covered with thicker cuticle.

利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察了6种杜鹃属植物的叶片结构，结果表明，它们具有共同形态结构特征：典型的异面叶，上表皮由2~3层细胞组成，内大外小或内、外等大，有较厚的角质膜，无气孔器分布；下表皮均由1层细胞组成，排列紧密；栅栏组织由2层以上长柱形细胞组成，排列紧密；海绵组织细胞较短，排列较疏松，细胞间隙较大；均有表皮附属物。

Guard cells are biochemically and anatomically the most complicated cells in the epidermal layer and are unique amongst the plant cells.

近年来，国际上十分关注气孔运动的调控机理，在保卫细胞内外的信息传递和转导途径的研究方面取得重要进展。

The new progresses:(1)the anatomic studies on the leaves, stems and cones of 25 species Late Mesozoic conifers, particularly those very similar to the living genera, such as Athrotaxites, Torreya, Taxus, Cephalotaxopsis, Cunninghamia and the cheirolepidaceous conifers, such as Brachyphyllum and Psudofrenelopsis;(2) the distribution and evolution of the Late Mesozoic conifers, the relationship between the concentration of CO2 of the atmosphere and the stoma index of the gymnosperms during the Middle Jurassic and Early Cretaceous;(3) the characters, compositions and ages of the Jurassic floras of Yabula Basin, and Erlian Basin of Inner Mongolia and the Early Cretaceous floras and Jiuquan basin and Beishan Area of Gansu.

对12属25种中生代松柏类的枝叶、球果及茎干化石进行了解剖研究，特别是对与现生松柏类相似的Athrotaxites， Torreya， Taxus， Cephalotaxopsis， Cunninghamia及可能属于掌鳞杉科的Brachyphyllum， Psudofrenelopsis等的研究较为深入，发现了4个新种；总结了中国晚中生代松柏类的特点及分布，讨论了重点属的起源和演化问题；研究了中侏罗世、早白垩世及现代裸子植物包括松柏类气孔与大气CO2浓度关系，发现气

Utilizing improved thermal/mechanical simulation apparatus, the quickly electric heating technique is realized for carbonous composites, tensile and compressive properties of hybrid carbon-carbon composite at up to 2800℃ are then experimental investigated in this paper, both tensile and compressive fracture strengths and moduli are measured at different temperatures.

假设材料烧蚀后各相介质统计均匀分布，考虑孔隙中的气孔与固体相之间的相互作用，建立了相应的细观理论模型，预报了不同结构层次的复合材料的热物理性能及有效弹性模量随温度和加温速率的变化规律，与实验结果对照，吻合较好。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！