气压的

By using the multi-year series of the circulation indices P and C for the closed pressure system on the unit radius spherical surface,three characteristic quantities of annual system centers(around the climatological center C-) are defined.1Average distance r,which is defined as the weighted geometric average distance of the annual system centers C deviating from the climatological center C-(i.e.the center location anomaly C′),is a measurement for distribution area of the system...

用单位半径球面上闭合气压系统环流指数P、C的多年序列，构造了历年系统中心在C-周围分布的3个特征量：1平均距离r，它定义为历年系统中心C偏离于气候中心C-的权重几何平均距离，是系统中心分布区域大小的度量；2压缩系数μ，它描述了历年系统中心分布区域偏离于圆形的程度，是历年系统中心位置分布各向异性的度量；3极大异常方向β，它用系统中心极大异常偏离-C处正东方向的角度，给出了系统中心的主要异常方向。

By the intercomparison of the composite El Nino events before and after 80 decade through the data above, the development of El Nino events before 80 decade has close relation to the south area of equator; and El Nino events after 80 decade has close relation to the north area of equator.

通过对八十年代前与八十年代后的合成厄尔尼诺事件的对比分析，从海表面温度、热含量和海表面风场与气压场的分布可以看到八十年代前的厄尔尼诺事件的发生和发展与赤道以南的海洋过程的变化关系较大，而八十年代后的厄尔尼诺事件与赤道以北的海洋变异关系密切。

The results of numerical experiments, using the four-dimensional variational data assimilation system of the nonhydrostatic mesoscale model MM5, show that: the tangent linear model and adjoint model conducted by keeping the "on-off" switches the same as the basic state, can provide a good approximation of the first-order information to the NLM perturbation and a good descent direction for the minimization procedure; switching on and off at every other time step in the Kuo cumulus parameterization scheme don"t impact the convergence rate of cost function; the existence of the switches don"t impact improvement to the MM5 model rainfall prediction because that not only specific humidity ,but also wind, temperature and pressure are assimilated into the model.

非静力中尺度数值模式MM5的四维变分资料同化系统进行的数值试验结果表明："开关"变量保持与基态一致，所构造的切向线性模式能够提供关于非线性模式扰动的一阶近似，伴随模式所计算的梯度值能够为最小化过程提供较好的下降方向；郭氏降水参数化方案中对流每隔一个积分步的交替发生并不影响目标函数最小化的收敛速度；"开关"变量的存在也不影响将风、温度、气压和比湿结合起来同化对MM5降水预报准确性的提高。

The scale analysis on planetary scale motion in the tropical atmosphere shows that the equilibrium between the pressure gradient force and Coriolis force in the meridional direction is easily established, which is known as the zonally semi-geostrophic motion The semi-geostrophic adaptation process in which the inertial gravity waves play an important part is relatively quick The evolution process after the semi-geostrophic adaptation process is slow and controlled by the Kelvin waves and long Rossby waves

对热带大气行星尺度运动所做的尺度分析和物理分析表明：热带大气的行星尺度运动在y方向容易实现气压梯度力与Coriolis力的平衡，它称为纬圈的半地转运动。半地转平衡的建立过程，也就是半地转适应过程相对是很短暂的，它不需要考虑f=β0y随y的变化，因而主要依靠惯性重力波为频散；而半地转平衡建立后的演变过程相对是很缓慢的，它主要受Kelvin波和Rossby波控制。

In order to overcome those limitations, and on the premise that the receiver can measure the pseudo-range between the user and satellite and with the help of barometer, this paper put forward the pseudo-range integration model of RDSS and the strap-down inertial navigation system with high precision clock, rubidium clock being the internal clock of the RDSS receiver.

基于北斗双星定位系统采用有源定位体制存在一定的局限性，在接收机能够测量用户至卫星的伪距信号以及在气压高度表辅助的前提下，提出了利用铷钟作为接收机内部时钟的RDSS与捷联惯导进行伪距组合的模型，建立其卡尔曼滤波的状态方程与量测方程。

We exhale by relaxing the diaphragm a primarily passive process into its original dome shape, which decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity and raises the pressure inside the lungs, thereby, pushing the air inside the lungs to a lower pressure outside the lungs.

我们呼气的时候是放松横隔膜-基本是一种被动行为，然后回复到原来的穹顶型，这样减小胸腔的容积，提高肺部的压力，把肺部的空气压到外部的低压区。

We exhale by relaxing the diaphragm –a primarily passive process– into its original dome shape, which decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity and raises the pressure inside the lungs, thereby, pushing the air inside the lungs to a lower pressure outside the lungs.

我们呼气的时候是放松横隔膜—基础是一种被动行动---回复到本来的穹顶型，这样减小胸腔的容积，进步肺部的压力，把肺部的空气压到外部的低压区。

We exhale by relaxing the diaphragm –a primarily passive process– into its original dome shape, which decreases the volume of the thoracic cavity and raises the pressure inside the lungs, thereby, pushing the air inside the lungs to a lower pressure outside the lungs.

我们呼气的时候是放松横隔膜—基本是一种被动行为---回复到原来的穹顶型，这样减小胸腔的容积，提高肺部的压力，把肺部的空气压到外部的低压区。

It analyzes the effects of the pollution severity and the altitude or atmospheric pressure on the flashover voltage or the flashover gradient. It is shown that FOV is determined by the configuration, and the insul...

结果表明：合成绝缘子的污闪电压与伞裙结构有密切关系；在同样的最短干弧距离下，简单伞形结构的合成绝缘子具有更高的污闪电压和污闪梯度，对于伞形结构复杂的合成绝缘子，虽然其爬电距离提高了，但其污闪电压没有明显提高；高海拔下合成绝缘子的气压影响特征指数n大于瓷和玻璃绝缘子，并受伞裙结构形式、污秽程度的影响，且随着污秽程度增加，n逐渐减小，此外，染污方法和方式对n也有一定影响但不明显。

Three regional climate models (MM4,RegCM2 and P-σ incorporated coordinate model)have been used to simulate the regional climate over eastern China in July .It is found that these three models have different performances in simulating different climate elements such as 500 hPa geopotential high field ,temperature fields,sea level pressure and rainy belt location.The results are important for developing regional climate model system which is suitable for eastern China and improving the simulation and forecast results.

利用MM4中尺度数值模式、RegCM2模式和P-σ混合坐标五层区域气候模式，以GFDL多年平均的6月份气候场作初始场，对我国东部地区7月份的区域气候进行数值模拟，比较、检验了三个模式模拟中国东部区域气候的性能，发现对500 hPa高度场、温度场、海平面气压场、雨带位置等不同的模拟对象，三个模式各有优劣，其结果对于发展适合我国东部地区的区域气候模式系统、改进模拟和预测效果具有一定的参考意义。

And discuss some key point of integrated management system design, include hazard identification and risk assessment and risk control in the occupational health and safety management, the measure of satisfaction target of customer, the flawlessness of law system, the integration of the integrated management system and enterprise standardization system, unify lead institution and work orgnization, integreted internal audit and integrated management review.

同时，论述了一体化管理体系构建中的几个主要问题，包括职业健康安全管理中的危险源辨识、风险评价和风险控制、顾客满意度的科学监测、法律、法规体系的完善、一体化管理体系与企业标准化体系的有机结合、统一的领导机构和工作机构、一体化的内部审核和管理评审。

Deepwater Taranaki is investigated for its petroleum potential, using all available seismic data tied to shallow-water wells.

运用与浅水井相关的现有全部震波探测数据考察了深海区塔拉纳基盆地的油藏前景。