气化

The physical and mathematical models of underground gasification are erected; a temperature field in the district of gasification is set up; the instance analysis on the computer analogue simulation machine has been carried out; systematic analysis and research on the variable rules of temperature and different components has also been taken and some important resultants about the best position for drilling and the relationship between adjustment and control and gasification stability have gained, which opens up a new field for the sight research of the control of the stability of underground gas of coal.

建立了钻孔调控气化的物理模型、数学模型及气化盘区温度场，并进行了计算机模拟仿真及实例分析，对温度及各组分的变化规律进行了系统的分析研究，得出了最佳调控钻孔位置及调控与气化稳定的关系等重要结论，为煤炭地下气化稳定控制的可视化研究开辟了新的领域。

Studying the chemical balance,energy balance and material balance in the gasification process and probing into the interaction in the gasification process and law of changing offer a theoretical foundation for gasification control. Through the materialization nature of coal, the gasification characteristics of the deoxidize zone are mainly studied (the dynamics characteristics and chemical characteristics). Probing into coz deoxidize mechanism ?establishes the theoretical foundation for the proposition of mark gas;the Principle to adjust and control temperature and applying methods is studied;the physical and mathematical models of underground gasification are set up;A temperature field in the district of gasification is set up and the instance analysis of computer analogue simulation machine has been carried out.

本文通过探讨"三带"基本特征，进而对煤炭地下气化的过程稳定进行研究；研究气化过程中的化学平衡、能量平衡及物料平衡，探讨气化过程中各组分之间的相互关系及变化规律，为气化调控提供理论依据；通过煤炭的物化性质，重点研究还原带的气化特征，分析探讨还原机理，为标志气体的提出奠定理论基础；研究以标志气体为核心的调控升温气化原理及实施方法；建立地下气化的物理模型与数学模型；建立气化盘区温度场，并进行计算机模拟仿真的实例分析。

An experimental investigation of cassava stalk gasified in downdraft fixed bed gasifier was carried out.

利用下吸式固定床气化器对木薯茎秆进行气化实验研究，测量气化器反应层的温度分布，并且对气化气进行成分分析。

Experimental research on semi liquid lubricant used on worm wheel;2. The Design and the Development of the Calorimeter for Measuring Thermal Conductivity of Liquids;3. Based on the analysis of the flowing liquid it puts forward the mathematic model of Underground Coal Gasification and gives advice to every equation.

依据有关文献和调研资料，对国内外煤炭地下气化的发展历史及现状进行了介绍，阐述了煤炭地下气化的原理，分析了煤炭地下气化"三带"特征，在对煤炭地下气化流体流动分析的基础上，提出了煤炭地下气化场的数学模型并对其中各项的确定提出了建议。

In coal gasification techniques, the gasifier is the key equipment which directly affects gasification characteristics, therefore flameless oxidant technology was applied to the design of new gasifier for high ash melting coal, and gasification characteristics in the gasifier were carried out by not only experiments under cold state and therma1 state, but also numerical simulations in this paper.

由于气化炉是煤气化技术中的最关键设备，因此，本文以高灰熔点煤的高效气化为背景，归纳分析了各种先进干煤粉气流床气化炉的炉型结构，将无焰氧化技术应用于粉煤气化，提出了一种基于无焰氧化的新型干法进料煤粉气化炉，进行了炉内冷态、煤粉气化的热态试验和数值计算，分析了高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中的气化特性，并以此为基础，对气化炉的结构进行了优化，提出了无焰氧化分级气化炉，对高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化特性进行了数值计算与分析。

Then, gasification experiments of high ash melting point coal with dry pulverized coal feeding were carried out on the gasification test system, the flame images were observed to validate the feasibility of flameless gasification inside the gasifier, temperature distributing inner the gasifier and syngas components were measured under different / atom ratio and steam/coal ratio conditions.

进而，建立煤粉气化炉的物理和数学模型，运用概率密度函数方法对高灰熔点煤在基于无焰氧化的煤粉气化炉内的气化过程进行了模拟计算，参照小试的试验工况，验证了气化炉模型；分析了不同氧碳原子比、蒸汽煤比和气化压力对高灰熔点煤气化特性的影响，并可视化地研究在典型工况下高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化过程，为进一步炉型结构和气化工艺的优化设计提供依据。

The simulated results show that compared with the multi-nozzle gasifier,the gasifying flow field and the effective gases in the new gasifier is superior.In the gasifier of same capacity,the efficiency of carbon conversion of the new gasifier is more about 0.75%,and percent hydrol...

结果表明，新型水煤浆气化炉在炉内气化流场的组织和产出的有效气成分上均优于多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉，在相同容量的气化炉内，新型水煤浆气化炉与多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉对比，碳转化率高0.75%，水解率高近2.91%，干有效气成分高5.34%，冷煤气效率高7.09%，每产出1 000 m3有效气(CO+H2)可节省氧气20 m3，节省煤36 kg。

In order to compare the new gasifier and the multi-nozzle opposition gasifier,the numerical simulation method at hot state was applied to study the gasifying process both of the new gasifier and the multi-nozzle opposition gasifier.

为了考察新型水煤浆气化炉与多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉的对比，应用数值模拟的方法，对该新型水煤浆气化炉与多喷嘴对置式水煤浆气化炉的气化进行了热态数值模拟研究。

The cold-flow field in the gasifier chamber is studied.

本文对水煤浆气化炉喷嘴进行了简化处理，在此基础上，对气化室内的冷态流动过程进行了研究，发现：整个气化室都处于流动的回流区长度范围以内；水煤浆气化炉中，由于操作压力很高，气相密度很大，所以即使对于d〓=150μm的较大煤颗粒，其对流体的跟随特性也很好，没有发生流动特性突跃的现象；两相的最大回流速度、回流强度，颗粒相的浓度分布，以及气化室内的静压力损失等，均与气化炉的负荷、水煤浆浓度、煤粒直径、O〓在喷嘴两个流道中的分配比例。

The nozzle of the gasifier is simplified. The cold-flow field in the gasifier chamber is studied. The research shows that the chamber has recirculation along the whole length. The particles in the chamber perform a very good flowing characteristics even for the large particles of dp=150μm, and no abrupt change is observed. This is due to the operational pressure is high and the density of the gas is large there. The maximal reflux velocity of both phases, the reflux intensity, the concentrational distribution of particles, and the static pressure loss in the chamber are all related to following factors: the load of gasifier, the concentration of coal-water slurry, the diameter of the coal particle, the distribution ratio of oxygen in the two channels of the nozzle, and the angle of jet in nozzle.

本文对水煤浆气化炉喷嘴进行了简化处理，在此基础上，对气化室内的冷态流动过程进行了研究，发现：整个气化室都处于流动的回流区长度范围以内；水煤浆气化炉中，由于操作压力很高，气相密度很大，所以即使对于dp=150μm的较大煤颗粒，其对流体的跟随特性也很好，没有发生流动特性突跃的现象；两相的最大回流速度、回流强度，颗粒相的浓度分布，以及气化室内的静压力损失等，均与气化炉的负荷、水煤浆浓度、煤粒直径、O2在喷嘴两个流道中的分配比例、以及喷嘴的射流角等参数有关。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。