气候

Historical climate change do harm to the economy mainly by the abrupt change of climate and the quasi-periodic wave of climate on 101-102a scale.

历史气候变化对经济发展不良的事件主要是气候突变和气候在101-102a尺度上的准周期波动。

And the surface temperatures simulated in northwestern China are low in the whole year. RegCM2 simulates the characteristic of geographical distribution and seasonal shifts of rain belt in China. But the simulated rainfall is low.

针对上述问题，我们对目前在中国应用较广泛的区域气候模式RegCM2进行了连续5年的模式气候积分，然后根据模式结果全面检验了模式性能，并重点对云—辐射参数化过程中存在问题进行了敏感性试验和改进工作，最后在改进的模式基础上研究了气溶胶的气候效应问题。

Using the observed data of spring-sowed two years fresh alfalfa growth condition and parallel climatic conditions,analysis is made of the alfalfa's growth height and the speed variation rule with time in the loess plateau area of East Gansu,and the correlation dependence of dry matter and the fresh grass with the activity accumulated temperature.

利用春播两年生紫花苜蓿生长状况和平行气候条件观测资料，分析陇东黄土高原地区紫花苜蓿的生长高度和速率的时间变化规律，干物重和鲜草重与活动积温的相关关系；根据牧草气候生产力的光合产量和温度及降水订正模型，计算紫花苜蓿的气候生产潜力。

Analysis of sedimentary facies and the multiple proxy indexes indicate that climate have many times dry-cold and warm-wet changes in the desert-loess transition belt since the last interglacial, and environment undergone alternations from warm semi-humid forest steppe, temperate-humid shrub steppe, semi-arid steppe and dry-cold steppe, desert steppe to desert.

地层沉积相及粒度、磁化率、化学元素、孢粉和古脊椎动物化石等气候代用指标的测试分析，揭示了研究区末次间冰期以来气候有过多次干冷、暖湿波动，曾经历了干冷的干旱荒漠、干旱荒漠草原、半干旱干草原、温湿灌丛草原或疏林草原、温暖半湿润森林草原气候环境的交替变化。

Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system.

内在气候系统的改变，如温室气体的浓度变化，也会产生足够强度和变异的波动，用以解释所观察的回鐀过程与气候构成要件间相互作用所造成的气候变迁。

The warmest and humidest period in Holocene, strong summer-wind and pedogenesis, similar climate with the Middle and Lower reach of Yangtze River currently, weakened sand storm and aeolian dust accumulation, strong leaching and argillic processes, the most suitable period was 6760～6520aB.P.; Late Holocene 3100～1500aB.P.

为全新世最温暖湿润期，夏季风强盛，气候类似长江中下游现代气候，风沙活动和风尘堆积减弱，成壤强烈，土壤淋溶和粘化作用较强，气候最适宜期为6760～6520aB.P。

The CLAMP analysis and methods of floral coexistence are two comparatively new methods for quantitative reconstruction of Tertiary. terrestrial paleoclimates which rely on data from fossil plants. Using these approaches will enhance Tertiary paleoclimate analyses from Yunnan Province considerably and change the style of analysis from qualitative to quantitative.

目前国际上古植被与古气候变迁关系的研究已从定性描述向定量化研究的方向发展。90年代以来，Wolfe与Mosbtugger分别发展的CLAMP和Coexistence Approach是利用化石植物定量化研究古气候的两种新方法，可用于定量化研究云南第三纪植物与古气候变迁，将是后续工作的重要方向。

Reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) and new wetness index were both calculated and analyzed according to Penman-Monteith scheme recommended by FAO with routine meteorological data from 616 weather stations in China from 1975 to 2004. In terms of grades of wetness index from Chinese Climate Classification Criterion, China is classified into severe arid, arid, semi-arid, semi-humid and humid zones, respectively, which are compared with the demarcations from rainfall-based indices in order to reveal the similarity and difference in association with the two schemes under current global climate warming. Besides, the spatio-temporal analysis of climate wetness over the country in the past thirty years was performed.

依据中国616个地面气象台站1975年至2004年的日气象资料，利用联合国粮农组织推荐的参考蒸散计算方法，计算参考作物蒸散（ET0）和湿润指数，按照中国气候区划中的干湿指标把中国分为极干旱、干旱、半干旱、半湿润和湿润气候区，并与传统的降水量干湿指标进行对比，揭示在全球气候变化下两种干湿指标的异同，最后对中国近30 a干湿状况进行时空分析。

According to existing results, it is generally thought that during the Neoproterozoic Earth had experienced several most severe global glaciations in Earth's history.

根据现有的研究结果，地球在新元古代时期确实经历了数次地球历史上最为严重的全球性冰川期，但地球是否被完全冰封还需要更充分的古地质和古生物方面的证据来证明；利用气候模式对各种可能的外部强迫的模拟试验表明&冰雪地球&是很难形成的，并且，如果地球进入完全被冰封的状态，它将是难以被融化的；关于新元古代时期剧烈的气候变化对寒武纪生命大爆发所起的作用存在2种观点，一种认为气候变化导致了原始生命的基因突变并诱发了寒武纪生命爆发，另一种认为这种影响主要是生态方面的。

Scientists now use them to measure the climate in areas that would have been impractically small when sensors were more costly—say under individual plants rather than in a thicket.

现在科学家利用它们来测量某一范围的气候——比方说个别植物下的气候而不是灌木丛里的气候。现在测量的范围在过去就显得过小而无法实现，那时传感器要贵得多。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。