气体化

Gives a study on travelling-charge techniques for which a classical interior ballistics model is established that can describe the gas flow and energy translation more accurately.

建立了更能反映膛内气体流动、能量转换的经典内弹道模型，并引入了包覆、钝化火药的计算方法。

A two_dimensional photonic cystal with a lattice of elliptic air cylinders, which are filled with the EIT atomic vapor, in the KAs backgroud material is designed.

将一定密度的EIT原子气体充入以砷化钾为背景的椭圆孔柱中，计算表明该三角晶格排列椭圆柱光子晶体的光子带隙随外控制场而变。

Based on the gas flowing equation, each unit dynamic mathematical model was established using linearization and Laplace transform.

根据气体流动方程，通过线性化和拉氏变换，建立各单元的动态数学模型。

The cold-shock treatment with ozonated water (ozone concentration 2 mg/L, dipping 5 min in the 1 ± 1 ℃cold water) reduced quantities of bacteria and funguses of winter-jujube, and decreased the rate of loss weight, and extended shelf-life of the fruit. By the ultrastructures of winter-jujube pericarp, cold-shock treatment with ozonated water could clean out the waxiness of crackle and lenticel, which is helpful for exchange of fruit internal CO2 and air, and inhibit accumulating of ethanol concentration.

臭氧水冷激处理(臭氧浓度为2mg/L，浸泡时间5min，水温1±1℃)可以明显降低冬枣表面细菌和真菌的数量，减少失重率，延缓冬枣硬度的下降，提高冬枣的货架期；从微观结构观察发现，臭氧水冷激处理可以清洗冬枣表皮裂缝和皮孔的蜡质，有助于枣果内部CO_2气体的排逸，从而延缓了冬枣的酒化；此外，冷激处理可以明显降低冬枣表面残留的农药：如马拉硫磷、氯氰菊酯和溴氰菊酯农药的含量，提高枣果的食用安全性。

The lead (PbI2 iodine) material is an n-type semiconductor materials, the probe into energy high resolution, linear response, pulse rise time is short, simple structure, high efficiency and low detection, convenient operation, in nuclear physics experiment and research aspects are widely used in nuclear science and technology, and many of the application of gas detector and instead of the counter.

碘化铅(PbI2)材料是一种n型半导体材料，制成的探测器能量分辨率高、线性响应好、脉冲上升时间短，结构简单、探测效率高、偏压低、操作方便的特点，在核物理实验和研究方面得到了广泛的应用，并在核科学技术的许多应用中代替了气体探测器和闪烁计数器。

Typical for a nonpolar gas, it is poorly soluble in water but soluble in nonpolar organic solvents.

六氟化硫是个极为惰性的气体，不与水、盐酸、氢氧化钠和熔融的钠作用，但会与金属锂反应并放热。

H-BN thin films were prepared on the (100)-oriented surface of n-Si by r.f. sputtering physical vapor deposition.

利用射频磁控溅射方法，真空室中充入高纯N2(99.99%)和高纯Ar(99.99%)的混合气体，在n型(100)Si基底上沉积了六角氮化硼薄膜。

H-BN thin films were prepared on the (100)-oriented surface of n-Si by r. f. sputtering physical vapor deposition. The field emission characteristics of the BN films were measured in a ultra high vacuum system. It has been found that the field emission characteristics of BN films is affected evidently by substrates temperature.

利用射频磁控溅射方法，真空室中充入高纯N2(99.99%)和高纯Ar(99.99%)的混合气体，在n型(100)Si基底上沈积了六角氮化硼薄膜，在超高真空0^(-7Pa系统中测量了BN薄膜的场发射特性，发现沈积时基底温度对BN薄膜的场发射特性有很大影响。

It gives up the unreasonable spherical hypothesis which is out of accord with the reality.

考察了不同壁面、空泡离壁面的距离和空泡的气体含量对空泡演化及辐射噪声的影响，该方法将边界元方法得到的空泡演化情况与声学方程在特殊情况下的解结合起来，放弃理论分析上不合理的球形假设，并考虑了边界的影响，这样更符合实际的空化现象，得到了与实验相一致的结论。

During the manufacturing of the critical intermediate cephalosporin nucleus --7-amino-3-chloro-cephalosporanic acid diphenylmethyl ester hydrochloride salt, first the feasibility of the one-pot synthetic route of open loop, closed loop and ozonization when chlorine is passed over is qualified by experiments. Then the critical factors that will influence this reaction are studied as follows: the mol ratio of triphenyl phosphite and Diphenylmethyl 3-hydroxy-7-phenylacetaminoceph-3-em-4-carboxylate-l-oxide is four to one; the quantity of the stablizer should be at least more than two to one. The temperature of the system must be 25℃ when chlorine is passed over so that the hydrochloride can be precipitated to obtain cephalosporin nucleus of cefaclor--7-amino-3-chloro-cephalosporanic acid diphenylmethyl ester hydrochloride salt.

在制备关键中间体头孢母核7-氨基-3-氯头孢烷酸二苯甲酯盐酸盐时，先通过实验验证把开环、闭环、臭氧化三步在通入氯气时并为一锅煮的合成路线的可行性之外，又研究了影响该反应的几个重要因素：亚磷酸三苯酯与3-羟基-7-头孢烷-5-亚砜-2-甲酸二苯甲酯的摩尔比为4：1；稳定剂2-甲基-2-丁烯的用量至少大于2：1，通入氯化氢气体时体系温度在25℃时盐酸盐则能够顺利析出，获得头孢克洛的头孢母核—7-氨基-3-氯头孢烷酸二苯甲酯盐酸盐。

The concept of equivalent rotationally rigidity is offered and the formula of rotationally rigidity is obtained.

主要做了如下几个方面的工作：对伸臂位于顶部的单层框架—筒体模型进行分析，提出了等效转动约束的概念和转动约束刚度的表达式。

Male cats normally do not need aftercare with the exception of the night after the anesthetic.

男猫通常不需要善后除了晚上的麻醉。