气体动理论

In theory, kinetic theory of gases with classical mechanics and statistical methods based on the thermal motion and interaction to make the appropriate simplifying assumptions, gives molecular modeling and collision mechanisms, using probability theory dealing with a large number of elements of collective behavior, characterized by the collective movement find the statistical average value.

理论上，气体动理论以经典力学和统计方法为基础，对热运动及相互作用做适当的简化假设，给出分子模型和碰撞机制，借助概率理论处理大量分子的集体行为，求出表征集体运动的统计平均值。

Week 6 Equilibrium state, basic concept of gas kinetics, pressure equation and temperature equation of ideal gas, theorem of equipartition of energy, internal energy of ideal gas.

第6周 平衡态、气体动理论的基本概念、理想气体的压强和温度公式。能量均分定理、理想气体的内能。

This is the kinetic theory of gases in research methods.

这就是气体动理论的研究方法。

Equilibrium state, basic concept of gas kinetics, pressure equation and temperature equation of ideal gas.

第7周 狭义相对论动力学基础；平衡态、气体动理论的基本概念、理想气体的压强和温度公式。

Kinetic theory of gases to clarify the physical properties of the gas and changes in the law.

气体动理论阐明了气体的物理性质和变化规律。

At this point, on the development of kinetic theory of gases into a systems theory.

至此，气体动理论就发展成一门系统的理论。

Reveal the microscopic nature of thermal motion of theory, statistical physics, and the kinetic theory of gases is one of its components.

揭示热运动微观本质的理论是统计物理学，而气体动理论则是它的一个组成部分。

Kinetic theory of gases is the Gibbs statistical mechanics on the material before the advent of thermal motion of the micro-theory, which later became part of statistical mechanics, and contributed to its development .1658 year, Jia Sangdi proposed substance is formed by a molecular hypothesis.

气体动理论是吉布斯统计力学出现之前的关于物质热运动的微观理论，后来成为统计力学的一部分，并促进了它的发展。1658年，伽桑迪提出物质是由分子构成的假说。

For the study of Brownian motion established kinetic theory of gases played an important role in the process of .1827, Brown observed that pollen suspended in water such as the random motion of material particles .1877 year, Delta claims that the particles The irregular movement of liquid molecules to its collision-induced .1905 imbalance and later years, Einstein, Langevin Smolukhovski, and they were published on the theory of Brownian motion .1908 year, Perrin Experimental observation of the system, confirmed the correctness of the theory.

对于布朗运动的研究在气体动理论建立的过程中起过重要作用。1827年，布朗观察到悬浮在水中的花粉等物质微粒的无规则运动。1877年，德耳索指出，微粒的不规则运动是液体分子对它的不平衡碰撞引起的。1905年及稍后，爱因斯坦、斯莫卢霍夫斯基和朗之万分别发表了他们关于布朗运动的理论。1908年，佩兰的系统实验观察，证实了上述理论的正确性。

After a century, the kinetic theory of gases was also won the rapid development of .1857, the Clausius for the first time clearly statistical concepts, derived gas pressure, volume and temperature inter-correct relations, but also in 1858 introduced the concept of .1859 free path of molecular motion, the Maxwell velocity distribution law is derived, established the mathematical theory of transport processes .1868, the Boltzmann velocity distribution law was introduced in the gravitational field .

此后一个世纪，气体动理论才又获得飞跃发展。1857年，克劳修斯第一次清楚地说明统计概念，导出了气体压力、体积和温度间的正确关系，还于1858年引入分子运动自由程概念。1859年，麦克斯韦导出了速度分布律，建立了输运过程的数学理论。1868年，玻耳兹曼在速度分布律中引入重力场。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。