民间

At the north of China, especially in the vicinity of Xingtai City, the custom of civil marriage has also followed the trend of many traditional forms, such as when the man propose to "paste under the G","to send food basket"; bride married, it is necessary to "穿红coat,"push" yellow overshoe "wearing" mirror Huxin "Mongolia" red lid "; wedding the way," prompting Shooting ", her brothers" to send the pro-charge car ", encounter strange stone tree,井台mill, it is necessary to paste "Red Posts hi"; wedding team "should not turn back"; the bride to her husband at the entrance to "archery bow,""have saddle,""step红毡"; groom points at home through the front door,"long light," Caesar "guard sub -"vertical" grass stalk height "; door head to put" New Year cake,"heaven and earth to put the table" bucket ", set" Scale ";拜堂to" forage Caesar "; bride into the bridal chamber, it will take" in the face of a corner sit "......

在我国北方，尤其是在邢台市一带，民间婚嫁的习俗风尚至今还沿袭着许多传统形式，如男方求婚时，要&下庚贴&、&送食箩&；新娘出嫁时，要&穿红袄&、蹬&黄套鞋&、戴&护心镜&、蒙&红盖头&；迎亲途中&鸣锣放炮&，娘家兄弟&送亲押轿&，遇到奇石怪树、井台磨坊，要贴&红喜帖子&；迎亲队伍&不能走回头路&；新娘到了夫家门口要&拉弓射箭&、&过马鞍&、&踩红毡&；新郎家前门要点&长明灯&、撒&门卫子&、竖&秆草个儿&；门头上要放&年糕&，天地桌上要放&斗&、搁&秤&；拜堂时要&撒草料&；新娘入洞房后，要&面对墙角坐&……冀南一带及华北许多省市民间婚丧习俗大多出自&周公与桃花女&这个传说，而邢台市的周公村和桃花村就是这个传说的发祥地。

More educational programs were needed to improve the knowledge and behavior of food sanitation and law to rural caterers.

结论目前江苏省民间厨师的食品卫生和法制知识以及个人卫生行为存在诸多问题，应加强对民间厨师的相关培训及管理。

Folk belief,as a form of folk culture, contains healthy contents as well as negative factors, and exerts great influence on the socialist construction of spiritual civilization.

民间信仰是民俗文化的一种表现形式，其中包含着健康的内容，也含有消极的因素。民间信仰对建设社会主义精神文明有重要影响。

The function of folk custom to intercede the folk dissension is discussed and the mechanism of this function is also discussed.

本文以个案为角度，探讨了在民间纠纷调解中民间习惯的作用以及这种作用的发生机制。

The legendary story about Liu Sanjie contains folk ethics,intelligence,imagination and interest.

民间传说中的刘三姐故事蕴涵了民间伦理、智慧、想像与情趣。

The study outcome: the skill elements of the traditional martial arts originated from living requirements according to boxing, plundering, defending, etc. During the skill evolving period, the separation between military skills and folk skills arose, the war requirements gave possibility for the development of the traditional martial arts, especially the development of martial arts'apparatus, the integration military skills and folk skills lay a foundation for the formation of different boxing schools of the traditional martial art skills.

研究结果认为：传统武术技术元素源于搏斗、掠夺、防卫等生存需要；在技术演进过程中随着大规模战争的出现而开始了军事技术和民间技术的分流，战争的需要为传统武术技术特别是武术器械的发展提供了可能，军事技术与民间技术的合流为传统武术技术形成不同的拳种流派奠定了基础；所有拳种流派的动作元素具有元素同源性，劲力是区分拳种流派的主要标志。

The thesis probes into Schoenberg' thinkings about music history, music nationalism, music education, music criticism, and music creation, respectively. There are some important viewpoints in Schoenberg's music thought: Firstly, Schoenberg's ideas of music history, he believes relationship of tradition and revolution in art is dialectical in nature, and argues that evolution in music was determined by natural law, obviously influenced by Hegel's philosophical history idea. Secondly, the thesis sums up his viewpoints of music nationalism, such as "lay stress on art music, look down on folk music","lay stress on western European music, look down on non- western European music" by Schoenberg's account about the reasons of the formation of national art, the dominant of national art and nationality in music; in fact, this viewpoint of western cultural centricity is one of his i mportant viewpoints throughout his life; Thirdly, Schoenberg's concept of music education: in his thought a composing teacher should teach the students how to master "the tool of art", train them for their ability of "one major and various kinds of techniques", try his best to nourish the student's personality; Fourthly, Schoenberg set forth some opinions about modern music critics and the method of music criticism: a music critic must be equipped with the quality of a music expert, and render composer's idea to the public by his art imagination, but not his personal opinion,and Schoenberg stress the areas of music criticism on style and idea ; Lastly, Schoenberg's concept of music creation: Expressionism and organism are two important issues in Schoenberg's thinking about music creation.

本文通过对勋伯格各类论文、书信、演讲、专著等文稿的评述，分别探讨了作为音乐思想家的勋柏格的音乐历史观、民族主义音乐观、音乐教育观、音乐批评观与音乐刨作观，并在此基础上总结了折射在勋柏格音乐思想中的几个重要观点：一，勋柏格对于音乐历史的认识：通过德奥音乐界前辈给予他的创作启示，以及勋伯格对自己几个创作阶段的发展历程的总结，阐述了他对于艺术中的传统与革新之间的关系的辩证认识，并通过这些问题总结出音乐的演进与黑格尔倡导的&历史发展必然性&哲学观念之间存在着必然联系；二，勋柏格的民族主义音乐观：通过勋柏格对于形成民族艺术特征的根本原因、民族艺术中的支配现象、民间音乐与艺术音乐之间的比较、音乐刨作中的&民族性&问题的意识等方面问题的剖析与认识，总结了他的&重艺术音乐，轻民间音乐&、&重西欧音乐，轻非西欧音乐&的观点，从而突出了他的精神领域中的根深蒂固的&德奥音乐中心论&，这是一个浸润着浓厚的西欧文化中心论色彩的观点，也是贯串他毕生的音乐思想的重要观点之一；三，勋柏格对音乐教育问题的见解：勋柏格认为作曲教师应该教会学生掌握&艺术的工具&、在教学中努力做到&一专多能&、注重个性培养；四，勋柏格对当代音乐批评家与音乐批评方法提出的要求：音乐批评家必须具备作为一名音乐家的专业修养，要以真实、客观的态度对待音乐批评这门神圣的职业，充分运用内心的艺术联想向公众再现作曲家的意图，而不是将个人见解强加于受众；同时，批评家需要对艺术的过去与未来拥有全面的了解与较准确的预测，在音乐批评的具体范畴中，应将重心角度置于探讨音乐作品的风格与思想之间的关系方面。

This paper reviews China's development of professional music, although the technique has been the impact of the modern composer, but China has always been the composer's efforts to follow the traditional Chinese folk music and modern composition of the connotation of the principle of combining technology, especially in traditional Chinese folk tone melody learn the material, has been the performance of the nation as one of the important means style.

回顾我国专业音乐创作的发展，虽然一直受到现代作曲技法的影响，但中国作曲家一直都是努力遵循中国传统民族民间音乐的内涵与现代作曲技术相结合的原则，尤其对于中国传统民族民间旋律音调素材的汲取，一直都是作为表现民族风格的重要手段之一。

The GaDaMeiLin poem》, written by the female composer Xinhuguang of Our country ,with the melody of Mongolia folk song《GaDaMeiLin》for fodder, with the folk hero——GaDaMeiLin's stories for clues, take the west and chinese compose technique as means, displaying heareres the past stories on Mongolia race in steppe, make single voice of the folk song return to folks again afreshing by several forms of department, and drive more public accept, this matter is worthy of concerning and thinking.

我国女作曲家辛沪光先生的作品——《嘎达梅林交响诗》，以蒙古族民歌《嘎达梅林》的曲调为素材，以草原英雄——嘎达梅林的故事为线索，以中西方的作曲技术为手段，给听者充分展示了一曲草原上的蒙古族往事，使单声部的民间歌曲以多声部的形式重新又回到民间，并被更多的大众接受，这件事本身就值得关注和思考。

Draw out the cosmology of Tus folk beliefs, analyze a nation symbol sign in the folk beliefs of present.

勾画了土族民间信仰的宇宙观，分析了国家象征符号在民间信仰中的在场。

I will endeavour to find you some assistance.

我尽力帮你找人帮忙。

At first I only know bruck is the idol of American younglings, afterwards I returned back to Taiwan ,even in Beijing last year ,I saw her poster everywhere, I was so surprised at her charm.

起初我只晓得布鲁克雷德丝是美国少男少女崇拜的偶像，后来回台湾，甚至去年在北京，居然也四处看见她的海报，才惊讶她的魅力之大。