民间

It's a new research into aboriginality of folk religion in South-East China by a cross-nation-culture beyond Han-nationality's view. The brightness of the article is distinguishing the basic culture of abrigines and the superculture of Han immigrants, and finding the transitional history from aboriginal religion to folk religion in South-East China by the co-research of archeology, history, folklore and anthropology.

东南民间信仰土著性问题的提出突破了汉文化一统演化论的视野，从跨文化的角度考察民间信仰文化，通过考古学、历史学、民俗学、人类学的整合研究，在纷繁复杂的东南民间信仰文化中区分土著越人的基层文化与客来汉人的上层文化，追溯从土著的"万物有灵"和"好巫尚鬼"到东南"汉"人复杂多样的自然崇拜和发达的"救生"神灵的历史过程，理顺其传承与变迁，构建从土著越人原始宗教到东南"汉人"民间信仰历史发展的知识框架。

In view of the continuity of academic research, this paper reviews the latest development in the studies of folk law in China in 2008 in terms of the ontology of folk law, the relation between folk law and state law, the various fields of folk law, the judicial application of folk law.

鉴于学术研究的连续性，2008年度中国民间法研究学术报告，继续在民间法的本体研究、民间法与国家法的关系研究、各类民间法研究、民间法司法运用研究等方面，对一年来中国民间法研究所取得的知识增量予以客观呈现。

This thesis argues that the folk belief not only to relate to the state and folk society, but also to be a independent filed from state and folk society. The folk belief needs to get approvement from the state, and also needs to get admition from the folk society. To utilize state and to copy society is a strategy that the belief does get approvement and admition.

文章认为民间信仰既是与国家及民间社会有着紧密联系但同时又相对独立于国家与民间社会的领域，对于国家，民间信仰需要获得其认可，对于民间社会，民间信仰需要获得其承认，征借国家与复制社会即是民间信仰为获致认可与承认而具体运作的策略。

Of award of pediment of Chinese folk literary " is Chinese literature art the omnibus folk literary award that association of literary home of group union and Chinese folk sponsors jointly, it is the literary top prize between complete countryman."

中国民间文艺"山花奖"是中国文学艺术界联合会和中国民间文艺家协会联合主办的综合性民间文艺奖，是全国民间文艺的最高奖项。

Key: The scope of intangible cultural heritage covers: poems, fairy tales, epics, s tories, legends and proverbs that have been spread orally among people for a l ong time; folk performing arts like traditional music, dance, drama, quyi, acr obatics, puppet show, shadow play, etc.; folk practices like rituals, festival s, sports, competitions, production related and life related customs; folk tra ditional knowledge and practices related to nature and the universe; tradition al handcraft skills; and cultural space related to the above-mentioned express ions.

非物质文化遗产涵盖范围包括在民间长期口耳相传的诗歌、神话、史诗、故事、传说、谣谚；传统的音乐、舞蹈、戏剧、曲艺、杂技、木偶、皮影等民间表演艺术；广大民众世代传承的人生礼仪、岁时活动、节日庆典、民间体育和竞技，以及有关生产、生活的其他习俗；有关自然界和宇宙的民间传统知识和实践；传统的手工艺技能；与上述文化表现形式相关的文化场所等。

The folk culture ,as the part of the traditional culture has been payed more attention. The folk fine arts ,as the folk cultural important components, have been mentioned more .Therefore, the shadowgraph has also been included in the national non-material inheritance protection name list.

作为传统文化中一部分的民间文化被热烈的关注着，民间美术是民间文化中的重要组成部分，对于民间美术的整体关注度也越来越高，于是，皮影被列入了国家非物质遗产保护的名单中。

The melody mainly adapts traditional Uighur classical music, drawing on the experience of many life in addition to long and dance drama.Most of the Uyger drama peculiar to the nation. Have been adapted from folk stories and narrative poems among Uighurs and in the mid-Asian area. And combined with poems, song, dance and drama. The masterworks are 《Airef and Synime》《Lyli and Miji long》 and《SherUin》.

维吾尔剧是地方戏曲剧种，其艺术形式以民族音乐、歌舞为主，兼容有诗歌、宾白等表演艺术，音乐曲调大多采用维吾尔族传统古典音乐《十二木卡姆》和民间歌曲、乐曲，借鉴了维吾尔民间文艺娱乐形式"麦西莱甫"及我国兄弟民族歌舞戏剧的表演形式，维吾尔剧的剧目大多由维吾尔族和中亚地区的民间传说故事和叙事长诗所改编，具有鲜明的民族特点，诗、歌、舞、戏融为一炉，其代表作有《艾里甫与赛乃姆》、《帕尔哈特与西琳》、《莱丽与麦吉侬》等，《艾里甫与赛乃姆》原是一个古老的维吾尔民间传说。

The sweeping temples become the center of the folk entertainment and theatrics because folk society hankers for the entertainment universally. The collective life experience of taking part in the folk dramas together forms a carnival culture of folk dramas approximately. Then the spirit manifests the optimistic spirit of life and a carnival world view of seeking freedom and equality.

起源于宗教祭祀活动的中国民间戏剧因为托庇于节日民俗活动而保持了旺盛的生命力，民间对娱乐的普遍追求使得规模盛大的庙会成为民间娱乐和戏剧演出的中心，万众共同参与民间戏剧的集体生命体验形成了近乎狂欢的民间戏剧文化，其戏剧精神则表现为一种乐观的生命精神和追求自由、平等的狂欢化世界观。

The paper falls into three parts: firstly, the concept of native folk was definited and the characteristic of native folk was analysed, and then the native folk element presented in modern novels were discussed. Secondly, the forms of expression in different period of the native folk in modern novels represented by writings of Lu Xun,Shen Cong-wen and Zhao Shu-li were analysed. Finally, on the basis of the second chapter, the reason why the native folk has different forms of expression in 30years of the modern literature was further discussed from the writers angle--thedifferent way of clerisies being concerned with native folk.

本论文共分三个部分：首先，对&民间&的理念进行梳理，对&乡土民间&的概念进行界定并分析它的特征，进而具体讨论现代小说创作中所呈现出来的乡土民间这一元素；其次，以鲁迅、沈从文、赵树理的作品为代表来分析现代小说发展不同阶段&乡土民间&的表现形态；最后，承接第二章探讨为什么在现代文学三十年中&乡土民间&具有不同的表现形态，进一步从作家创作的角度来分析，也即知识分子参与&乡土民间&的不同方式。

The first section discusses the development situation of poetry folk tendency,and the background of folk tendency.

对这一历史过程中诗歌的具体生存样态和状况进行分析，主要考察和分析诗歌民刊和网络诗歌发展的具体情况，探讨其价值意义，指出这两者已经成为先锋诗歌存在的主要载体和诗歌发展的重要动力，然后从两个方面分析民间化趋向产生的原因，其一，当今时代氛围中整个文学门类已经边缘化、民间化；其二，中国诗歌——尤其是当代诗歌——历史发展中一直存在着民间的传统，这种民间传统在当今时代得到进一步的发展。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。