民族精神

The problem of the identity of national spirit and national culture becomes important and sharp. This paper focuses on the following a spects: the relationship between modernization and globalization; economic globalization and cultural globalization; the cognation process to the modernization and their complex mental statues of Chinese people; the contemporary cha...

本文从对全球化的多方位分析入手，考察经济全球化带来的文化冲突与碰撞，探讨中华民族对于现代化的认识历程和相应产生的多种民族精神状态，探讨当代中华民族所面临的挑战和我们的应对策略，提出了做好"培育和弘扬民族精神"重大攻关课题研究的基本构想。

This paper focuses on the following a spects: the relationship between modernization and globalization; economic globalization and cultural globalization; the cognation process to the modernization and their complex mental statues of Chinese people; the contemporary challenges of facing Chinese people and their stratagem; the research plan to the national research project of "Promoting and Cultivating National Spirit".

本文从对全球化的多方位分析入手，考察经济全球化带来的文化冲突与碰撞，探讨中华民族对于现代化的认识历程和相应产生的多种民族精神状态，探讨当代中华民族所面临的挑战和我们的应对策略，提出了做好"培育和弘扬民族精神"重大攻关课题研究的基本构想。

In the course of constructing harmonious society, we should focus on compatriotism, developing and sticking to solidarity, peace, diligence and bravery.

在构建和谐社会的进程中，要把以爱国主义为核心的团结统一、爱好和平、勤劳勇敢、自强不息的伟大民族精神不断发扬光大，要明确培育和弘扬民族精神的基本要求。

The spirit of Deutschland is the most substantial meaning, which has come into being during the long development of Germany, the most primary characteristics of which are, as follows, to be assiduous, moderate, pragmatic, law-abiding, loyal, honorable and brave.

民族精神是一个民族文化中最本质或最具特征的东西，德意志精神是在德国发展中长期积淀形成的德意志文化中最本质的内容，其主要特征可概括为：勤勉、严谨、务实、守法、忠诚、荣誉以及勇敢。

Ethnical spirit is the spiritual mainstay for the survival and development of a nation and it is a must to carry forward and cultivate the spirit.

民族精神是一个民族赖以生存和发展的精神支撑，因此必须加以大力弘扬和培育。

Egoism and exclusionism of the English nation-state drives the English protest all the other powers that bind and restrict and threaten it. The English regards the activities of their colonial expansion abroad as a right, by which they might settle in some other abroad places unoccupied by other countries like Spain and Portugal etc. Beating the Spanish not only raises the English national confidence, but also clears the biggest obstacle hindering the English to expand their power abroad, and prepares favorable conditions for the construction and development of the British Empire in the Dynasty of the Stuart.

民族国家的利己性和排他性，驱使英国人反对包括罗马教皇、西班牙人、葡萄牙人、汉萨人等在内的外国势力对英格兰民族国家的束缚、限制与威胁；英国人把海外殖民扩张视为实现英格兰民族平等发展的神圣权利，他们在反对外国人的斗争中逐渐增强了民族意识和民族精神；打败西班牙人不但提高了英格兰民族的自信心，而且扫除了他们通向海外殖民扩张道路上的最大障碍，为斯图亚特王朝时期英国海外殖民贸易帝国的建立和发展准备了有利条件。

The traditional national festival celebrates is one kind of extremely complex social culture phenomenon, is forgiving the disposition, the psychology, the belief, the idea, the thinking mode, the moral sentiment, the esthetic appeal which a national history forms and accumulates down, as well as many national culture in-depth structure connotation value orientation, is the national spirit the dismissal and the important carrier which is pregnant for a long time on the specific social soil raises, is a national ecology shape is most prominent, the most characterful demonstration.

传统的民族节庆是一种极为复杂的社会文化事象，包涵着一个民族历史形成和积淀下来的性格、心理、信仰、观念、思维方式、道德情操、审美情趣，以及诸多民族文化深层结构内涵的价值取向，是民族精神在特定的社会土壤上长期孕养的解雇和重要载体，是一个民族生态形态最突出、最具特色的展示。

In his literary and dramatic works, Lessing expressed the thoughts to Enlighten and foster the national sprit and even to set up an integral national civilization; what"s more, he opposed the feudal separationist rule with his ideal of Kosmopolitismus. At that time, after succeeding and developing European humanist tradition, Lessing formed his religious philosophy and religious tolerance, with his rational opinion, he deepened the profundity of German Enlightenment. Furthermore, he created townspeople"s drama and advocated the realistic aesthetics. On the one hand, he praised their disposition and expressed their political desire and class interest, which made the townspeople as a new motive force to the German Enlightenment. In addition, Lessing"s Enlighten. thoughts greatly influenced the following movement—Sturm Und Drang. The essence of Lessing"s thoughts is our common valuable prosperity.In a word. Germany then greatly needed a person like Lessing, and Lessing was the child of German Enlightenment.

面对法国文化长期统治德国文化界的现状，莱辛勇敢地站出来反对&法国化&倾向，对德意志全社会进行民族启蒙，通过戏剧理论及作品，表达了建立统一的民族文化、培植德意志民族精神的思想，同时他提倡世界主义，并用它来为民族主义服务，以反对当时德国的分裂割据；他的宗教哲学思想及宗教宽容精神继承和发扬了西欧的人文主义传统，反映了莱辛的理性观，也针砭了当时德国的时弊，是他对德国启蒙运动进行的有益的探索，拓宽了德国启蒙运动的深度；莱辛在实践中创作了市民剧，他的市民主义和现实主义美学思想弘扬了市民阶级的性格，表达了他们的政治愿望和阶级利益，为德国启蒙运动增加了新的动力，是莱辛所作的杰出贡献之一；莱辛的启蒙思想对后世特别是狂飙突进运动有着重大的影响，他的思想中的精华部分是人类的共同财富。

The most essential meaning of Mao Zedong' s spiritual demeanour is the patriotical thought of loving nation and people most; Feeling bearing for the people, powers executing for the people,profits gaining for the people is the core of Mao Zedong's emotional and spiritual reality.

民族精神乃是民族文化、民族智慧、民族心理、民族情感的集中体现，是一个民族的价值目标、共同理想、文化规范的最高体现。

National culture is the matrix and source which gestates national spirit, moreover she nourishes and grows national spirit in different forms and different carriers, so the author explains outstanding cultural tradition and relation of national spirit in the third part of the thesis.

论文的第四部分关于中华民族精神的弘扬培育问题，是本文重点论述的内容，在这一部分，笔者对弘扬和培育民族精神的历史方位首先做了探讨，接着详尽论述了其基本要求，特别是弘扬与培育的辨证关系最为重要，最后笔者对弘扬和培育民族精神的具体途径做了较为细致的研究。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。