民族

Any frame work and bind of empiricism, doctrinism and those unfavorable to constructing the socialistic culture with Chinese feature, no matter traditional Chinese culture or western culture or the culture of the view of Marxist materialism, should be destructed; any nihilism and arroganism unsuitable for the tendency of globalization and the background of informational era should be animadverted; those extreme ideology featured with the outmoded thought of cold war and the variety of ideology under new background with extreme nationalism as its main content should also be destructed and animadverted.

无论是中国传统文化、西方文化、马克思主义唯物史观文化，对于一切不利于有中国特色社会主义现代化建设的、经验主义的、教条主义的框架和束缚，要解构；对于一切不符合全球化潮流、信息时代大背景的民族虚无主义、民族自大主义都要进行批判；对于旧的以冷战思维为特色的极端意识形态，以及以极端民族主义为主要内容在新背景下的意识形态变种，也要进行解构和批判。

So far, there are 56 ethnic groups identified and confirmed by the Central Government, namely, the Han, Mongolian, Hui, Tibetan, Uygur, Miao, Yi, Zhuang, Bouyei, Korean, Manchu, Dong, Yao, Bai, Tujia, Hani, Kazak, Dai, Li, Lisu, Va, She, Gaoshan, Lahu, Shui, Dongxiang, Naxi, Jingpo, Kirgiz, Tu, Daur, Mulam, Qiang, Blang, Salar, Maonan, Gelo, Xibe, Achang, Pumi, Tajik, Nu, Ozbek, Russian, Ewenki, Deang, Bonan, Yugur, Jing, Tatar, Drung, Oroqen, Hezhen, Moinba, Lhoba and Jino.

迄今为止，通过识别并经中央政府确认的民族有56个，即汉、蒙古、回、藏、维吾尔、苗、彝、壮、布依、朝鲜、满、侗、瑶、白、土家、哈尼、哈萨克、傣、黎、傈僳、佤、畲、高山、拉祜、水、东乡、纳西、景颇、柯尔克孜、土、达斡尔、仫佬、羌、布朗、撒拉、毛南、仡佬、锡伯、阿昌、普米、塔吉克、怒、乌孜别克、俄罗斯、鄂温克、德昂、保安、裕固、京、塔塔尔、独龙、鄂伦春、赫哲、门巴、珞巴、基诺等民族。

Education of Ethinical Solidarity Month, held intensively by the Autonomous Region government all across the region every year, enjoys vival pattern and features time mark as a mean to conduct education and compaign intensively and comprehensively enabling equalness and solidarity and progress to become the main theme of the relationship between all ethnic groups and trusting each other, respecting each other, learnning from each other, supporting each other and understanding each other to become behavior regulation obied by all ethnic groups.

为进一步巩固和发展各民族的大团结，从1983年起，自治区政府每年都在全区范围内集中开展民族团结教育月活动，以生动活泼的形式和赋予时代特点的内容，集中、广泛、深入地进行宣传教育，使平等、团结、进步成为各族人民相互关系的主旋律，互相信任、互相尊重、互相学习、互相支持、互相谅解成为各族人民共同遵守的行为准则。

Among them , ethnobotanical study of forage plant, use value of plant, vernacular name of local places and folk songs are the new research aspects of ethnobotanical studies in China.

其中，对饲用植物、植物应用价值、地名和民歌中的民族植物学研究是我国民族植物学研究首次涉及的领域。

The paper discusses and analyzes the historical background and recent advances in the applied ethnobotanical research, with an emphasis on the ecological ideas and cultural traditions inherent in the traditional knowledge of forest and forest plant exploitation, the origin of both medicinal plants and plant cultivation as crops, and the history of their applications.

该文追溯了民族植物学的历史渊源，介绍了民族植物学的应用研究现状，森林与植物利用传统知识中隐含的生态学思想，森林与植物利用传统知识中的文化渊源，药用植物和栽培植物的起源及其应用历程研究。

Through the research, the author found the true facts that are Arhorchin Mongolian ethnobotanical knowledge not only have a historical contribution to the development of indigenous society, but also have a very important applicable value and practical significance to the exploitation, utilization and conservation of grassland plant resources, to the management of grassland ecosystem, pastoral community development, conservation of biodiversity and cultural traditions, and development of Mongolian national educations of society, economy and environment.

通过本项研究发现，阿鲁科尔沁蒙古民族植物学知识不仅有其历史的贡献和作用，而且在现代社会、经济和环境条件下，对于草原区植物资源的开发利用和保护、草原生态系统的管理、牧区村社发展、生物多样性和相关文化保护以及蒙古民族教育、科学、文化的发展均有重要的应用价值和实际意义。

On the basis of analysis of representation, research conditions and authors cultural background, this study selected the Arhorchin Banner of Inner Mongolia as study area and Arhorchin Mongols as research object of the study ethnic group, aimed to understand the contents, structure and value of Arhorchin Mongolian ethnobotanical knowledge.

本项研究旨在分析具有代表性、可供研究条件和研究者文化背景的基础上，选择内蒙古自治区阿鲁科尔沁旗为研究地区，对阿鲁科尔沁蒙古族为研究人群，运用随机访谈、半结构访谈、结构访谈、语言分析和植物学调查等民族植物学研究的方法，对阿鲁科尔沁蒙古民族植物学知识的内容、特征和价值进行了定性和定量的调查研究。

Meanwhile, the evolvement of social developing view contains very rich ethological meaning, the analysis and exploration of which undoubtedly guides the overall orientation and highlights the epochal significance of the social development in minority regions.

同时，社会发展观的演变进程中也蕴藏着非常丰厚的民族意义，对这种意义做出分析和追问，无疑能够引领我国少数民族社会发展的全局性方向并凸显民族社会发展的时代性意义。

Chapter two is a historical generalization of family discussing the shape of family in both the traditional period and the modern nation-state period, and then it investigates such acts as sacrificing and pedigree-making within a family, analyzes the family system expressed in family rituals, and finally points out the fact that there exists, in consideration of the expression of"filiality"in real life, a controdiction between the ideal of family system and the reality itself, the controdiction that is further intensified by the power pluralism in a family in the modern nation-state period.

第二章首先描述和概括了家族的历史以及家族在传统时期以及现代民族-国家时期的形态，然后研究家族的祭祖、造谱等仪式行为，分析家族在仪式的表演中所体现的家族制度，进而从&孝&在现实生活中的表现出发，指出家族制度的理想与现实存在着矛盾。现代民族-国家时期家族权力的多元化更加剧了这一矛盾。

According to the hard development situation of folk arts, the paper is going to appeal people to taking the importance of folk arts seriously, because she is valuable----- she has profound elements of native and original culture, native philosophy and fontal art; has many languages and dialogues which is so vivid and important to Chinese culture.

针对民间美术发展面临的尴尬境地，作者呼吁人们重视民间美术中蕴含着的深厚的民族本源文化、本源哲学、本源艺术的基因和多姿多彩的具有生命活力的民族语言形态，提出我们应重视对这些文化遗产进行切实有效的保护和传承。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。