民族

Ethnologic law is very important for ethnical relationship, ethnical unity, and for china to develop to be a society with rich and harmony.

民族法治，是法治特殊性在民族关系和民族问题上的反映和表现，是应用良法对民族事务的科学民主治理，强调对国家权力的合理限制和对少数民族权利的依法保护。

Law is not abstract, law is common, law has differences; therefore ethnologic law construction should be connected with the ethnical condition and traditional ethnical cultural background, and shouldn t use the law of western countries or other parts of china entirely.

民族法治的建设，必须从民族文化的前提和环境中进行，因为法治本身不是一个抽象的和无差别的普遍的事业，必须结合少数民族地方的实际和民族文化传统的要求来进行，不是将西方的或全国普遍要求的法治在民族地方的推广。

Without inheriting our national culture in deed, we will not open the storehouse of our national historical cause and entirely comprehend it; we will not know how to differentiate national culture's cream from trash; we will fatuously regard the cream as waste and rashly cast off these treasures; we will cut off our nation's lifeline, break our nation's backbone.

没有真实的继承，不能接近和打开民族的"本因"之库，全面了解和体悟民族的本因，也就认识不了民族的精华与糟粕，就必然会将精华当作糟粕轻易抛弃，就会愚昧地切断社会发展的道纪，砍断民族的脊梁。

Institute of Ethnic Literature, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Beijing 100732Chinese minorities'myth which norm is the form of 1950's, has such characteristics: firstly, many nations'myths not only come down by word of mouth, but also unite with social organizations, producing ways, living customs and cult, magic and taboos; secondly, many nations'myths have been packed up by flamen and singers, systematized, and become epics; thirdly, congeneric myths in identical nation have different forms.

以20世纪50年代的形态为基准，少数民族神话具有这样一些特点：首先，不少民族的神话处于活的形态，它们不仅仅是以口头的形式流传，而且还与民族的各种社会组织、生产方式、生活习俗以及各种祭仪、巫术、禁忌等结合在一起，成为这一切存在和进行的权威性叙述；其次，不少民族的神话经过祭司和歌手的整理，已经系统化、经籍化、史诗化，有较强的叙事性；第三，由于地域等的差异，同一民族的同类神话有不同的流传形态，它们可能映现了这类神话发生发展的脉络，等等。

And it has strong cohesive force and integrative function and is the spiritual foundation of our nation's stability and development.

1从世界范围看，世界各国都非常重视本国的民族文化和民族精神。特别是在全球化背景下，民族精神更被各国看作增强民族凝聚力、抵御外来文

In addition to providing much needed financial assistance, the Hellman/Hammett grants raise awareness of censorship around the world .

近代，这个民族崛起于1747年建立的杜兰尼帝国。19世纪的历次阿富汗战争，这个民族成功抵御了英帝国对阿富汗的入侵。1979年，苏联侵阿战争，该民族发挥的关键的作用，很多人加入抗苏斗争。20世纪末、21世纪初，因为塔利班的起落，这个民族一直受到世界的关注。

In heritance and development of Tujia culture mainly come from its own national culture, communicating with , merging other nationalities" and changing into a distinct" national characteristics culture.

土家族民族文化是以本民族文化为主源，在与其他民族文化的交流融合中传承发展形成的，具有鲜明的民族特色。

In music structure, through the contract of the musical form structure of this work and the typical classical concerto musical form structure, it summarized the inheritance of classicism concerto structure and the personalized innovation of national style of this work, and emerged Chopin"s inheritance in concerto creation and his innovative spirit in this area. In melody, by centering the elaboration on the vocal and colorful melody, it fully displayed Chopin"s unique artistic style and distinct romanticized characteristic in melody creation. In rhythm, with the analysis of the third music movement"s rhythm, we could learn the rhythm of mazurka which penetrated the entire music movement and which had typical Poland national characteristics, the national characteristics of the work, and the primary form of characteristic rhythm. Furthermore, it revealed the national essence and the origin material in Chopin"s works. At last, in harmony, from the aspects of linearity and the sound thought of semitone, the counter-function harmony proceeding in breaking traditions, the harmony technique in function-extended, the charm in detuned chord, the blending of sound rhythm and music situation, it analyzed and summarized the distinct romanticism in harmony arranging in the work.

音乐结构上，通过作品曲式结构与古典协奏曲典型曲式结构的对比，总结作品对古典主义协奏曲结构的沿袭和民族风格的个性化创新，展现了肖邦在协奏曲创作的继承和创新精神；旋律上，主要围绕作品旋律的歌唱性和色彩性进行论述，充分展现肖邦在旋律创作上独特的艺术风格和鲜明的浪漫主义特征；节奏上，通过对第三乐章的节奏分析，展现了贯穿整个乐章的具有典型波兰民族特色的玛祖卡节奏，阐述作品的民族特色，并追溯特征节奏的原形，进一步揭示肖邦创作的民族本质和素材来源；和声上，从半音化的线性和声思维、突破传统的反功能和声进行、功能延伸式的和声手法、音阶化的转调模进手法、离调和弦的色彩魅力等几个方面入手，分析和总结了作品在和声运用上新颖、鲜明的浪漫主义特色。

Epic is the book recording the memory of Nationality , manifesting the spirit of the Nationality, recording the its history and culture, embodying its esthetic judgment.

史诗是记载"民族记忆"的书，表现着民族的精神、记载着民族的历史文化，体现着民族的审美。

How to choose strategies of handing traditional culture down is an unavoidable subject in the new situation. The author of the article thinks that clothing, which is believed to be the visiting card of a people, should be simple with symbolization, pictorialization, totems and commercialization. Handing down of the living culture should be combined with ecosystem environments and places of interest to develop its content step by step. One cultural item should be exploited in one place to keep it alive forever. We should make good use of educational, research and translating organizations, media and the Internet to propagandize old and new characters and works. Some museums should be built up to protect metallic and stone relics. Setting up ecological museums or cultural villages and parks is an effective method. We should find out a new way in which key points about the understanding of the culture are explained clearly, core advantages are developed and cutlural labour force and propaganda work are revived The most important thing is to make complete use of the laws and policies on minority self-rule to find out the best way to keep Yi's traditional culture alive.

作者认为，作为民族身份"名片"的服饰应以简明为原则尽量符号化、图案化、图腾化、商业化；作为活文化的仪式与习俗的传承，除了在经济发展的前提下以村寨为基本单位尽量保护和弘扬，要尽可能与生态环境和旅游胜地紧密结合进行单个文化主题的念珠式贯串开发，一地深入开掘一个文化内蕴，使之可以传之久远；依托教育、科研、翻译机构和文艺传媒、互联网传承新老文字及典籍文化，建立文博场馆保护金石文物；建立民族生态博物馆或民族文化村文化园等也不失为一种有效的方式；译解文化传承基因，培育核心发展优势，形成文化再生力传播力，是一条应该认真探索的道路；最重要的是要充分利用好民族区域自治政策法规，使之发挥的效益最大化，并从法律和政策上寻求最佳的传统文化传承策略。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失