民族

So, to carding development thoughts of national policy, to analyze its question, to understand development a train of thought national policy, to made it conform to demands of scientific development view and bring into greatly action in minority areas, is extremely research values and importantly real action.

因此，梳理民族政策的发展脉络，分析民族政策面临的问题，理顺民族政策的发展思路，提出民族政策的发展目标，加强对民族政策的研究，使之更加符合科学发展观的要求，在民族地区全面建设小康社会过程中发挥更大的促进作用，具有十分重要的研究价值，同时具有重要的指导实践作用。

After lift curfew the "authoritarian- democracy" of political transformation process, the government pushes a series of political reform, the Taiwan politics enters the period of liberalism, democratization and ethnicism , the elections also affect the development of the party politics, changing the type of the Taiwan party politics, the political liberalism all reduced people to express their ideals cost in the meantime, as a result helped aborigines movements .The aborigines movements starts from aborigine society movement to aborigines' movements, till the movement of reconstruction of the subjective in each tribe, In such situation, the multiculturalism becomes the new direction of the Taiwanese aborigines policy.

研究结果发现随著解严后从「威权—民主」的政治转型过程，政府推动一连串政治改革，台湾政治进入自由化、民主化与族群化时期，各类选举也牵动政党政治的发展，改变台湾政党政治的型态，同时政治自由化均降低了人民表达其意识形态、观念、理想的成本，因而促成原住民族运动在内的政治、社会运动风潮，原住民运动历经从原住民社会运动到原住民族运动到各民族的主体重建运动等历程，就是在这样的政治发展情势与原住民族运动压力下，多元文化主义的原住民族政策就成为台湾原住民族政策的新方向。

Ethnologic ideology is referred to the integration of ethnological understandings of nationalities and nationality issues in China.

民族思想是各个时期各个民族的各类人物对中国民族及民族问题的认识，是处理民族问题、制定民族政策的理论基础

The establishment, maturation and perfect of the rule of ethnologic law are very helpful to carry out ethnical equality, to eliminate the discrimination which has a long historical background, to enhance the national harmony and unity, to stabilize the society, to make communication and cooperation from one to another.

民族法治的建立、健全和完善，有利于对民族平等权利的实现，消除历史上形成的对少数民族的歧视，增强民族团结和民族互助，增强社会的安定和中华民族的凝聚力，增加民族地区与国家、民族地区与其他地方之间以及少数民族与汉族之间的交流、团结、信任与合作。

Egoism and exclusionism of the English nation-state drives the English protest all the other powers that bind and restrict and threaten it. The English regards the activities of their colonial expansion abroad as a right, by which they might settle in some other abroad places unoccupied by other countries like Spain and Portugal etc. Beating the Spanish not only raises the English national confidence, but also clears the biggest obstacle hindering the English to expand their power abroad, and prepares favorable conditions for the construction and development of the British Empire in the Dynasty of the Stuart.

民族国家的利己性和排他性，驱使英国人反对包括罗马教皇、西班牙人、葡萄牙人、汉萨人等在内的外国势力对英格兰民族国家的束缚、限制与威胁；英国人把海外殖民扩张视为实现英格兰民族平等发展的神圣权利，他们在反对外国人的斗争中逐渐增强了民族意识和民族精神；打败西班牙人不但提高了英格兰民族的自信心，而且扫除了他们通向海外殖民扩张道路上的最大障碍，为斯图亚特王朝时期英国海外殖民贸易帝国的建立和发展准备了有利条件。

The author put forward the following opinions: civilian sport refers to non-official sports activities de-veloped among the masses; it is not provided with the characteristic of being passed on and continued generation by generation, can occur in a certain period, and disappear in a certain period; folk sport refers to sports activities closely related to civilian customs, mainly existing in civilian celebrative activities, religious activities and ritual ac-tivities; it is a form of sports culture passed on and continued generation by generation, provided with the character-istics of collectivity, inheritability and mode; national sport is divided into general type and special type; general na-tional sport refers to a special culture that once historically reflected and carried common psychological capacity and culture of a nation and is enjoyed by that nation; Chinese national sport, ancient Grecian sport and ancient Egyptian sport are specific forms of presentation of national sport; special national sport refers to a sports cultural form that is exclusively owned by a nation in modern time, reflects and carries common psychological capacity and culture of that nation, and is created and enjoyed by that nation; traditional sport refers to a stable sports culture that is historically inherited and gradually formed by a nation in practical activities in a long history, embodied in all as-pects of sports cultural activities and passed on generation by generation.

摘 要：民间体育是指非官方的在民众中开展的体育活动，它不具有世代相传和延续的特点，可以在某一时期出现，又可能在某一时期消失；民俗体育是指那些与民间风俗习惯关系密切，主要存在于民间节庆活动、宗教活动、祭祀活动中，是一种世代传承和延续的体育文化形态，具有集体性、传承性和模式性特点；民族体育有广义和狭义之分，广义民族体育指曾在历史上反映和承载着一个民族共同心理素质、共同文化，为该民族享用的一种特殊文化，中华民族体育、古希腊体育、古埃及体育都是民族体育的具体表现形式，狭义民族体育是指近现代一个民族所独有的，反映并承载该民族共同心理素质、共同文化并为该民族所创造和享用的一种体育文化形态；传统体育是指由历史沿袭下来，是民族在漫长的历史实践活动中积累而成的稳定的体育文化，体现在健身、养生、娱乐思维方式、行为方式等体育文化活动的各个方面，并通过社会心理结构及其它物化媒介(如棋盘、武术器械、文献典籍等)得以世代相传。

After the establishment of Republic of China, the signification of Collection of nations was paid more attention to. For the expression of national relationship, there were different version such as nation monogenism and nation Assimilation, all are emphasized the monogenism and assimilation in genesis. In later 1930's, nation amalgamation became the main expression which focused on the amalgation of nations as well as the eguality. All the expression influenced each other and founded Chinese history and culture. Chinese nation has become the public cognition.

民国成立后，中华民族为"各民族总体"的含义被重视，民族关系表述上，有"民族一元说"和"民族同化说"等方式，强调中国各民族起源上的一致性和外族与汉族的同化。1930年代后，"民族融合"成为主要表述方式，注重中国各民族历史上的融合以及现实中的平等关系，他们互相影响，共同创造了中国的历史和文化，"中华民族"成为全民族的认同。

The national spirit is in nationality"s common language, the common region, in the economic life foundation has, the shape together becomes, And displays in the national culture the common psychological quality, is nationality"s psychological characteristic, the cultural tradition and the energetic complex compound which realizes from me, Is the national members to this nationalitys ideal, the goal and the future self-approval, Is realizes this national ideal, the goal and the future tremendous spiritual strength.

民族精神是在民族的共同语言、共同地域、共同经济生活的基础上产生、形成并表现于民族文化上的共同心理素质，是民族的心理特征、文化传统和自我意识的精神综合体，是民族成员对本民族的理想、目标和前途的自我认同，是实现本民族理想、目标和前途的巨大精神力量。

In campus culture construction,it is necessary to pay respect to religions of different nationalities and their corresponding cultures,to strengthen unity of nationalities and to promote exchanges and integration of different nationalities so as to achieve common prosperity and development.

在民族院校校园文化建设中，要注意尊重各民族宗教以及基于宗教而形成的民族文化，加强民族团结，增进民族文化间的交流与融合，实现各民族共同繁荣和发展，这是民族院校校园文化建设的基本要求。

The objective substantialism is good at analysis of the endogensis and objective attribute of the nation, but ignores the subjective attribute of nation, and other and relation for the forming of nation-self. The subjective substantialism focuses on the subjective attribute of nation. In the theory, the attribute is amplified that it is struck in the rut of defining the term nation using the relation between the nation and nationalism.

前者长于民族的客观属性分析与内生分析，但忽略了民族的主观属性，忽略了他者和关系对民族自我的塑造作用；后者最为看重民族的主观属性，强调民族主义对民族的塑造作用，但放大了民族的主观属性，且落入从民族主义与民族两者的关系来界定民族的案臼。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失