民事诉讼

No matter the current code of the civil law, or current general lawsuit theory and adjudgment practice has no relation to the power of the civil adjudgment until now, reviewing adjudgment system and has not merely played its due role, negative effect instead.

不论是现行的民事诉讼法，还是通行的诉讼理论和迄今为止的审判实践均没有正面涉及到既判力问题，再审制度在诉讼过程中不仅没有发挥到应有的作用，反而产生了一定的负面影响。

This chapter mainly analyzes and appraises the regulation of domination, suit way, preceding procedure, accuser and appellee inthe effective procedural mechanism of civil liabilities of misrepresentation in securities market.

本章针对现有证券市场虚假陈述民事赔偿诉讼机制中的管辖、诉讼方式、前置程序、原告和被告的确定等进行了剖析和评价。

It will lead to the apriorism if we introduce the mode of the US Securities Class Action as the civil compensation mechanism of solving the securities dishonesty only because the mode of the US Securities Class Action has a series of advantages compared with the representative action with uncertain numbers of people in our country.

如果仅仅因为美国证券集团诉讼模式比我国的人数不确定的代表人诉讼具有一系列的优势，即要引入此模式作为解决证券欺诈民事赔偿机制，容易出现先验主义的错误，我们必须注意到两国在法律传统、法律体制和法律文化基础等方面的差别。

Authorize full or limited participation in proceedings before the court by interested persons or agencies, including appearance amicus curiae, intervention as a party pursuant to the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, examination of witnesses or documentary materials, or participation in any other manner and extent which serves the public interest as the court may deem appropriate

授权利益相关的个人、机构全部或限制性地出席诉讼，包括协助法庭解释法律的人出庭，作为联邦民事程序规则规定的一方当事人的干预，文件材料的检查，或由法院认定的以其它方式和内容参加的诉讼。

China's Civil Procedure Law does not appeal to the merger and separation of the provisions of force, but only in Article 126 stipulates that the plaintiff claims to increase, the accused filed a counterclaim, third-person action with the case the request can be joinder.

我国民事诉讼法并未对诉的合并与分离作出强行性的规定，而仅在第126条中规定，原告增加诉讼请求，被告提出反诉，第三人提出与本案有关的诉讼请求，可以合并审理。

The dissertation deduces that inner mechanism of the legal system interact one another to construct the spatial continuance and transformation and the intention of spatial evolution of Taiwan's courthouses, including several critical affected factors:the scope of law, the source of law, the instance level of court, the court proceedings, the contentious or nonlitigious legal affairs, the civil or criminal procedure and tribunal.

进而推论台湾司法建筑空间形制的延续、转化与此变迁的动向，正是由法制思维的内涵机制交织作用所致。其关键影响项目包括法源；司法建筑所属之审级组织；审理程序；所受理之诉讼或非诉讼法律事务，与所展开民事或刑事诉讼程序及法庭等。

From the 1980s to 2002,American law profess Marc Galanter wrote three empirical researcharticles.He through a large amount of data empirical materials,take a panamic view of the deionon the dynamic development of United States civil trial during that period.This research the analysis indicates that,in the context of case management,settlement mediation got me me recognition by judges, that has brought to a changing of judicial philosophy the pattern of civil justice,the Justice gradually diversified into the diversified dispute resolution mechanism,the trial litigation continuous decline, the role of litigation in contempary development of the rule of law law began to decrease.

美国著名法社会学家Marc Galanter教授从1980年代到2002年的三篇实证研究，通过大量数据和经验性资料对这一时期美国民事审判的动态发展做出了一种全景式的描述，其研究和分析表明，在案件管理的背景下，和解和调解越来越受到法官的认同，并带来了司法理念和模式的转变，司法逐步融入多元化纠纷解决机制之中，以致审判结案率和诉讼率整体持续下降，诉讼在当代法治和法律发展中的作用开始降低。

In this paper I compare and study of pre-trial preparation outside the civil system and inspect the reform on the judicial practice and development of the system of pre-trial preparations of the thread, try to improve our pre-trial preparation process to find a feasible path, and the corresponding theoretical ideas. The main ideas are: First, in building a well-prepared pre-trial procedures, we must first solve the problem of litigation patterns" change and the introduction of partyism litigation concept; Second, establishing the indicting and replying procedures and replying losing rights rules, which are suitable for China"s national conditions; Third, redistributing the powers of judges and the parties and enhance the status of the main parties, further strengthen the parties evidence-gathering capability; Fourth, reshaping our mediation system.

本文比较研究了域外的民事审前准备制度，考察了我国司法实践中关于审前准备制度的改革和发展的脉络，力图找到完善我国审前准备程序的可行路径，并提出了相应的理论设想，主要有：第一，在我国构建完善的审前准备程序，首先要解决的问题是诉讼模式的转轨和当事人主义诉讼理念的引进；第二，确立适合我国国情的诉答程序以及答辩失权制度；第三，重新分配法官和当事人的权限，提升当事人的主体地位，进一步加强当事人的证据收集能力；第四，重塑我国的调解制度。

Rooting in Chinese constitutional construction, this chapter firstly proves the theoretical foundation of the civil supervision by analyzing the relationship between the independence of trial, prosecution construction balance, the definite effect of the judgment and the rights of disclaiming of the involved parties.

本章立足于我国的宪政体制，通过分析民事检察监督与当事人处分权、审判独立、诉讼结构的平衡、裁判的既判力的关系，指出，民事检察监督有其存在的理论基础。

Current articles of Civil Procedures Law concerning "pretrial preparation" is "preparation stage", which lack intrinsic impetus of the procedure system, that is launching the parties and other civil litigant participants to actively innerving action and searching the most proper path to solve dispute.

现行的《民事诉讼法》关于&审理前的准备&部分的规定只能说是&准备阶段&，因其缺乏程序制度所特有的发动各方当事人及其他诉讼参与人积极参加诉讼、寻求最适合的解决纠纷、矛盾途径的内在动力，并不能称之为&程序&。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。