民事诉讼

Now it is acknowledged wordwide,but it's concrete processes and practices are still different in various countries.

现今各大陆法系国家的民事诉讼都已承认客观的预备合并之诉的实用价值。但对于它的具体程度有不同的学说观点和实际做法。

In China, the dispute of civil jurisdiction is resolved by the administerial method,which brings on the nonentity of parties' right on the objection of civil jurisdiction, the extension of the main body who can object the civil jurisdiction is too limited,and the difficulty of the objection of level jurisdiction.

在我国民事诉讼立法和实践中，对管辖权异议的解决奉行的是行政化处理的模式，因此导致当事人管辖权异议权利虚无、管辖权异议主体范围过于狭窄和级别管辖异议困难等弊端。

In proceedings for supervising and urging the clearance of debt, plea of setoff should be permitted, and in procedure of second instance and procedure for enforcement, permission of setoff should depend on specific case. Alleger of setoff bears the burden of proof.

所以，就我国民事诉讼而言，立法上应当在加强当事人的程序保障之前提下，对判决的既判力问题作出明确的规定，同时，对抵销抗辩的既判力亦作出合理的界定，实务中则应当改变以往那种忽视既判力的思想和行为。

With the spirit of the civil provisions of criminal damage is not compensable, the civil law and the relevant provisions of the conflict, is not conducive to guarantee the legitimate rights and interests of victims.

刑事附带民事诉讼规定精神损害不予赔偿，这和民法的有关规定向冲突，也不利于保证被害人的合法权益。

As an important system in modem civil lawsuit, the countersuit system is an extremely good balanced mechanism to realize both ＇fair and benefit.

反诉制度是现代民事诉讼的一项重要制度，其平衡性机制是实现公正与效益所不可或缺的。

All the differences are because of the different development of law history in two main law systems. As Dama?

第三章总结了大陆法系以及英美法系的民事诉讼证明标准各自的特征以及相互的比较。

Specific administrative act such as declaratory act and administrative license act usually play an important role as evidence in civil proceedings. In practice, there are several ways to deal with this situation, with respective defects.

确认性行政行为和许可性行政行为等具体行政行为往往成为民事诉讼的重要证据，司法实践中对它们的处理方法各不相同，各有缺陷。

So in our courtly civil action system, the first one which is need to perfect is the examine grade system, The effect which is the examine grade system set up and move is affected the equity of the procedure and empire immdiactly.,so, with the discussion of the question which is in the active examine grade system, we advance the deformational visualize.

因而在我国民事诉讼程序制度的完善中，首先需要完善的是审级制度。审级制度的建立和运作效果直接影响到程序公正及裁判的公正性，因此通过对现行审级制度存在的问题的讨论，提出改革的构想。

Although we are making a transition from pure authority system to party system, still, the building of the elucidatory authority system, which is not complete in the civil litigation.

我国民事诉讼模式正从单纯的职权主义向当事人主义过渡，但释明权制度的构建在我国仍处于不完善的状态。

The second is the subjectivity and immaterialness in the applicability. The third is the advance of the content development. The forth is the formal neutrality and essential orientation and the last is the single goal and multiple arrangements.

针对有限的法学理论上关于证明标准特征的几种具有代表性的理论总结出本文所认为的民事诉讼证明标准在法学理论中所具有的特征，即内容上的客观性与确定性、适用上的主观性与无形性、内容发展中的历史前进性、形式的中立性与实质的倾向性、目标的单一性与层次设计的多元性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。