民主政治

Democracy has grown as the universal value pursuit of various countries and nationalities, because it is the absolutely necessary basis that it can ensure social stabilization, advancement and continuous development.

政治民主之所以发展成为不同国家、不同民族普遍的价值追求，在于民主政治是保证社会稳定、进步与持续发展的必不可少的基础。

As a new development of democracy theory and practice in contemporary western academic research, deliberative democracy emphasizes citizen should participate in the public life through rational discourse, debate, discursion and deliberation freely and equally to endow validity to legislation and decision-making, then to ensure the realization of citizen self-government and true democracy, and advances the development of democratic politics.

作为当代西方民主理论和实践的最新发展，协商民主强调公民通过自由而平等的理性对话、辩论、推理和审议等方式来参与公共生活，赋予立法和决策以合法性，从而保证公民自治和真实民主的实现，推动民主政治的发展。

The Theory and Practice of Deliberative Democracy: Contributions to Human Rights ProtectionAs a new development of democracy theory and practice in contemporary western academic research, deliberative democracy emphasizes citizen should participate in the public life through rational discourse, debate, discursion and deliberation freely and equally to endow validity to legislation and decision-making, then to ensure the realization of citizen self-government and true democracy, and advances the development of democratic politics.

作为当代西方民主理论和实践的最新发展，协商民主强调公民通过自由而平等的理性对话、辩论、推理和审议等方式来参与公共生活，赋予立法和决策以合法性，从而保证公民自治和真实民主的实现，推动民主政治的发展。

Nietzsche"s political philosophy is not piled up a dish of messy sand by maxim form, the writer thinks that Nietzsche"s political construction has his continuous logicality. It"s an expression of political philosophy that is constructed on the base of force will and life will, it makes life reach at a transitional bridge that can supply condition for the salvation of art. Thus, there are three understandings here. Firstly, politics is an objective expression of power will, also is an external expression of power will. The real politics depends on power will and services to their requirement and regulation; Secondly, the life faces on the double crises, on the one hand, the life falls into denial of Christian morality. Morality of Christianity presumes another world that life never touch for. This is world of soul belief and pursue, meanwhile, life is depreciated and degenerated as "evil", so the value of life suffers from misunderstanding and denial. Things of presence are subverted as things of exeunt."Uprising of slave in morality" results in the denial of ",master morality, at the same time, although modern democratic politics that based on morality of Christianity makes person return secular life and makes life identity and trite. This kind of politics creates privation of special vulture and race. On the other hand, internal requirement of power will results in the crisis of life because the characteristics of power will is continuous making and destroy.

尼采的政治哲学并非是以格言形式堆积而成的一盘散沙，笔者认为，尼采的政治建构有其一贯的逻辑性，体现为其政治哲学是建构在强力意志或生命意志基础上的并使生命达至艺术拯救提供条件的一座过度性桥梁，对此有三层理解：首先政治是权力意志的一种客观体现，是全力意志的一种外化，真正的政治必须立足于权力意志之上并服务于其要求和规定；其次，生命面临着双重危机，一方面，生命陷入基督教道德的否定之中，基督教道德设定了一个生命遥不可及的彼岸世界，这是灵魂信仰和追求的世界，同时生命被贬堕为"恶"，这样，生命的价值遭到误解和否定，在场的事物被颠覆为退场的事物，"主人道德"被否定，这是"道德上的奴隶起义"的结果，同时基于基督教道德之上的现代民主政治虽然使人回到了尘世，但是又将生命齐一化和平庸化，造成特殊文化和特殊种族的缺位，而正是这种文化和这种种族才能真正地肯定生命；另一方面，生命的危机是权力意志内在的要求所致，因为权力意志的一个特质就是连续地生成和毁灭，就生命本身就是权力意志而言，毁灭就是其必然的命运。

Zakaria's point is that you can also have democracy without liberalism—what he calls "illiberal democracy."

扎卡里亚的观点是，你也可以拥有一个非自由主义的民主政治——他称之为"非自由的民主政治"。

It is an effective way to prevent the overcentralization of power and the multiplication of corruption, and can ensure that the Party will be always advanced.

党内民主既是时代的要求也是社会主义民主政治发展的需要；党内民主可以有效地防止党内权力过分集中和腐败滋生；党内民主是党永葆先进性的根本保证。

It is evolved in certain social structure and follows some cultural norms, with belief and mutual benefit as its main content and social network as the carrier. Through promoting the moral value system of reciprocal cooperation among citizens, it drives forward the development of the third department and public organization, improves the awareness of social rule and order, help the diversification of channels to reach certain social status, hence push the construction of democratic politics.

以信任互社会资本视角下的当代中国民主政治建设惠等社会公德为主要内容、以社会网络为载体、在一定社会结构中生成运作并遵循特定的文化价值规范的社会资本，通过促使公民生成互惠合作的道德品质、促使第三部门和民众自组织的发展、促使公民规则与秩序意识的提升、促使社会地位获得途径的多元化而推动着民主政治建设。

So, we need fibrous root occupies Chinese national condition, absorb the experience of the world's advanced democracy, build the socialistic democracy system that has Chinese distinguishing feature.

所以，我们必须根据中国的国情，吸收世界先进的民主政治的经验，建立有中国特色的社会主义民主政治体系。

The main points are that the basis and core of the citizenism is that the citizens should own the rights,the rights of the citizens are over all,it is if the country provides the people"s rights to identify the democratic and tyrannical country. The second aspect is on Chen Duxiu"s thoughts on freedom,equality and ethics,Chen Duxiu thought that if the republic system was strengthened politically,it must be dealt with from the enlightenment of the thoughts . Chen Duxiu thought that the important area of the enlightenment was the ethics area.

第一方面内容为惟民主义，主要论述了如下观点：&主权在民&是惟民主义的基石和核心，是惟民主义的立论基础；&民权高于一切&是对民权的最高肯定；界定民主和专制国家的基本标准是看它是否保障人民权力，共谋群众幸福；提出了如何实现资产阶级民主共和国的方案和实行民主政治的一些基本原则；对中国古代的民本主义思想和西方资产阶级民主思想作了比较。

In the 1980s,developing countries realized the transition of politics one by one.The study on political development and political transition became the hot issue again. In the early 1990s,Russia began its political transition under delegative democracy which came from its political historical background and actual situation.

20世纪80年代，发展中国家相继实现了民主政治转型，政治发展、政治转型研究再度成为政治学界的热门课题。90年代初，俄罗斯走上了政治转型道路，特殊的历史背景和现实环境使之形成了独特的政治转型模式。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。