氏族

Originally tribes exchanged with tribe through the respective chiefs of the gentes

起初是部落和部落之间通过各自的氏族首长来进行交换

It shows that these families, already powerful through their wealth, were beginning to form groupings outside their gentes as a separate, privileged class, and that the state now taking form sanctioned this presumption.

这些因拥有财富而本来就有势力的家庭，开始在自己的氏族之外联合成一种独特的特权阶级；而刚刚萌芽的国家，也就使这种霸占行为神圣化。

The humbler gentes had their common rites.

卑微的氏族有其共同仪典。

The fifty sachems were distributed among the tribes and gentes at the foundation of the confederacy to hold the new offices specially created for federal purposes.

这50个酋长，在联盟成立时，被分配在各部落和氏族中，担任专为联盟目的而设立的新的公职。

The election, however, still required the confirmation of the seven remaining gentes, and only then was the new sachem ceremonially invested with his office by the common council of the whole Iroquois confederacy.

不过选举须经其余七个氏族确认，只有在这以后，当选为酋长的人才正式就职，就职仪式则由全易洛魁联盟的总议事会举行。

At the six yearly religious festivals of the Iroquois the sachems and war-chiefs of the different gentes were included ex officio among the "Keepers of the Faith" and had priestly functions.

在易洛魁人的每年六个宗教节日期间，各个氏族的酋长和军事首领，由于他们的职位，都被列在"信仰守护人"以内，而执行祭司的职能。

These were completely unknown to gentile society.

捐税是以前的氏族社会完全没有的。

About more than 4000 years ago, there lived many clans and the tribe hereabout Yellow River and the huanghe River valley in our country .

大约在四千多年以前，我国黄河、长江流域一带住着许多氏族和部落

APs can be classified into families and clans based on their sequence homology.

APs可以被分类入根据他们的序列同源和氏族的家庭。

I am Warchief of the Horde, he said proudly.

我是霜狼氏族的酋长，他骄傲地说。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。