比较研究

The form discussion studies Liang Zongdai and Ye Gongchao respectively introduced and spreaded the French imagism and British and American formalism. The Poem special issue in the literature and art supplement of Ta kung Pao Newspaper and New Poetry organized twice discussions in poetic forms. The pure poetry school introduced that the modernists introduced the western and ancient pure poetry theories: from Baudelaire, Mallarme, Vale'ry, H. Read, A. Bremond to J.M. Murray, and the basic idea and difference of pure poetry. Besides, a lot of modem poets became greatly interested in pursuit heat of the pure poetry in late Tang and Nan Song dynasties, studying the development and variation of pure poetry. Music theory argues that modernists make introduction and reform on the western and Chinese music theory. He Qifang and Bian Zhilin continue the topic to the contemporary time, and put forward the theoretical frames in Chinese poetry. Rhyme and rhythm theory make researches on the introduction and reform of French symbolism and British and American modernists' rhyme and rhythm theory, making studies on the Chinese new form poetry and its thyme and rhythm theory.

纯诗论是形式论的重心；对西方和古代的纯诗理论之引入，引进了从坡到波德莱尔、马拉美、瓦莱里、默里、里达、白瑞蒙的纯诗理论；纯诗理论的基本内涵与差异；诸多现代派诗人掀起了晚唐南宋纯诗热，对姜夔、严羽作了新的理解；对纯诗理论的发展和变异，含梁宗岱的现象学形式论，何其芳的唯美论与形式论，现代派诸人的诗本体论；梁宗岱对纯诗理论的中国化研究，含梁宗岱的超越性与形式性，"超验"与"妙悟"的比较研究与形态超脱性的比较研究；中西纯诗形态的超脱性等；现代派纯诗论是对初期白话诗理论的清算，对新月派、象征派探索的总结和发展，音乐论是对纯诗论的延伸和对格律论的发展；现代派引入研究了西方诗学音乐论理论，含坡、瓦莱里、里德的纯诗音乐论、抽象音乐论、各种具体的音乐论技术论点；引入了中国古代诗学中关于诗与音乐、音韵、音顿、音义、平仄双声叠韵等音乐的理论；进行了两次关于新诗音乐论的大讨论；在节奏、音顿、音韵三方面借鉴了西方的理论，同时改造了古代的格律理论，扬弃了平仄说，何其芳、卞之琳把新诗音乐论命题延续到当代，提出了汉诗音乐论的理论框架。

As the research method as concerned, this research collects materials and information from three different villages and organizes them in series village comparison way , which is a new attempt in the domestic present research of Pinghua group as well as the urbanization. Meanwhile, through this kind of comparison research, this thesis proposes the"disequilibrium change"concept in another kind meaning and points out that there would be disequilibrium change at different points in an identical social culture, which will promote the anthropology's understanding of change's diversity.

在研究方法上，本研究从三个不同的点收集资料，采用村落连环比较的方式组织材料，是目前国内有关平话人研究以及城市化研究的一次新尝试；同时，通过这种比较研究，提出另一种意义上的"非均衡"变迁的概念，指出了同一社会文化在不同点上变迁的不均衡现象，增进人类学有关社会文化变迁多样性的理解。

Material and Methods:From March,2008 to January,2009,250 patients(146 Males and 104 Females,ranged from 18 to 82 years old,mean age was 48 years old) enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College were performed dual energy scan(Group A,200 patients) and Neuro-DSA scan(Group B,50 patients) using DSCT.The patients were randomly divided into Group A and Group B.Regarding to the justification of scan protocol,100 patients in Group A were selected as sub-group to explore the scan protocol.The image quality Was analyzed both in four categories(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70) of flow rate and total amount of contrast-enhanced material and in three categories(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU) of CT value of left common carotid artery.The comparison of two scan approach was based on image quality,radiation does, postprocessing methods,time of scanning and subtraction and data storage amount.To validate the diagnostic capability of DE-CTA virtual unenhanced images,100 patients in Group A were undergoing head scan both in routine non-contrast program and DE-CTA virtual unenhanced program.Mean CT values,signal-to-noise ratio,image quality,sensitivity of lesion identification,and radiation does were applied to comparison.According to diagnostic results of dual energy of cerebral arterial angiography,62 patients out of 200 patients in Group A were confirmed with cerebral vessel lesions,the results were complied with DSA findings(the time between the two methods were within 1 week).

材料与方法收集2008年3月到2009年1月间在昆明医学院第一附属医院行DSCT CTA检查者250例(男性146例，女性104例，年龄范围18-82岁，平均48岁)，随机分为A、B两组，A组200例行双能量头颅CTA扫描；B组50例行Neuro-DSA扫描。A组前100例按对比剂不同流率和总量分为4组(4.0/60、4.5/60、4.0/70、4.5/70)对图像质量比较；按触发时左颈总动脉内平均CT位分3组(100—150HU、150—200HU、200-250HU)，比较图像质量的差异；对A、B两组血管图像质量、辐射剂量、后处理的方法、扫描和后处理时间及数据的容量进行比较分析；A组中前100例行常规与DE-CTA虚拟平扫的平均CT值、信号噪声比、图像质量、病灶显示情况、辐射剂量的比较分析；A组中行DSA检查62例(两种方法间隔时间均1周内)，比较两种检查方法诊断结果是否符合，并对其中24例动脉瘤行动脉瘤部位、数目、形态、瘤颈显示程度、瘤颈大小及瘤体长径和短径的比较研究。

The different fishes which are employed in the present studies are wild-type salmon, cultured salmon of freshwater and seawater, sea perch and fat greenling. The complete CT gene sequences of salmons are obtained by PCR amplification. The partial CT sequences of sea perch and fat greenling are obtained by in vitro cloning PCR method. Alignment of obtained CT sequences with other fish CT shows that CT appears to be well conserved among the same family. And the relative in taxonomy is far away, the similarity of different fish CTs is low. On the contrary, the closer the relative in taxonomy is, the higher the similarity of different fish CTs is. The sCT is expressed in pGEX-4T-X by recombinant form . We also succeed in the research of sCT expression alone by expression PCR. In addition, sCT antiserum is obtained using GST-sCT as antigen, and the high titer is tested by double immunodiffusion. In the rat bioassay, administration of 50 μg recombinant protein evoked significant hypocalcemia at 1 h after the data are analyzed by t-test.

本文用PCR方法克隆了野生鲑鱼、养殖鲑鱼的降钙素基因，并应用体外克隆PCR的方法首次克隆出鲈鱼、六线鱼降钙素的部分基因序列，通过对克隆的降钙素序列的比较研究，结果显示同一科的鱼降钙素序列保守性较高，同时，根据降钙素的部分氨基酸序列进行了降钙素相似性的比较研究，结果显示在分类学上，分类地位较远的鱼，其降钙素相似性较低，分类地位越接近的鱼，其降钙素相似性越高；我们利用谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Glutathions S-transferase，GST)融合表达载体pGEX-4T-X对克隆的鲑鱼降钙素基因进行了融合表达研究，应用表达PCR的方法对降钙素基因的独立表达进行了初步的研究探索，并将纯化的融合蛋白作为抗原，获得了高效价的兔抗鲑鱼降钙素免疫血清；生物活性研究表明，大肠杆菌表达的融合蛋白具有显著的降血钙作用。

The subject used many research methods, such as combination of autoptical and survey data, the combination of comparative research and empirical studies. Recalling history and status of the reform of public and nonprofit hospital. After comparative study on theory and model of international typical corporate governance, we analyzed corporate governance reform, point out that the current corporate governance reform in public and nonprofit hospital exists problems as following: persons absent from their duties in hospital, the Boards right and obligation is ambiguous and confused, the management practices in hospital beyond control and supervision, lack of effective corporate governance, motivation mechanisms is not perfect.

本课题采用资料调查与实地考察相结合，比较研究和实证研究相结合等研究方法，回顾了我国公立非营利性医院改革的历史及现状，经过对国际上典型的公司治理理论和模式的比较研究，剖析国有企业法人治理结构改革的经验教训，指出了目前公立非营利性医院法人治理结构改革中还存在着医院国有资产出资者缺位、董事会权利划分缺乏细化、医院管理层行为得不到有效控制和监督、缺乏有效地法人治理、激励与约束机制不完善等问题。

The subject used many research methods, such as combination of autoptical and survey data, the combination of comparative research and empirical studies. Recalling history and status of the reform of public and nonprofit hospital. After comparative study on theory and model of international typical corporate governance, we analyzed corporate governance reform, point out that the current corporate governance reform in public and nonprofit hospital exists problems as following: persons absent from their duties in hospital, the Board's right and obligation is ambiguous and confused, the management practices in hospital beyond control and supervision, lack of effective corporate governance, motivation mechanisms is not perfect.

本课题采用资料调查与实地考察相结合，比较研究和实证研究相结合等研究方法，回顾了我国公立非营利性医院改革的历史及现状，经过对国际上典型的公司治理理论和模式的比较研究，剖析国有企业法人治理结构改革的经验教训，指出了目前公立非营利性医院法人治理结构改革中还存在着医院国有资产出资者缺位、董事会权利划分缺乏细化、医院管理层行为得不到有效控制和监督、缺乏有效地法人治理、激励与约束机制不完善等问题。

To this end, the author starts from the perspective of relevancy between city and region and then gleans theories and approaches from relevant disciplines such as economic geography、urban geography、urban sociology. By reviewing the research achievements at home and abroad and incorporating theoretical research and empirical study, dynamic process and comparative static analyses, quantification and qualification, comparative study and synthetic integration, it concludes by putting forward the theoretical framework and major elements in influencing spatial diffusion, functions and structures.

因此，本文的研究主要从城市和区域关联的角度，综合运用经济地理学、城市地理学、城市社会学等多种学科的理论与方法，在总结国内外研究成果的基础上，采用理论研究和实证研究相结合、动态过程研究和静态比较研究相结合、计量研究和定性研究相结合、比较研究和综合集成相结合的方法，对城乡融合区发展理论和城乡融合区空间发展理论进行了深入的研究和总结，提出了城乡融合区的理论框架，城乡融合区空间扩展的主要影响因素以及结构功能。

To aim at two kinds of oppugning, the comparison of political thoughts between China and the West, which definitely has legitimate foundation, is provided with reasonable justification on the basis of the analysis of the opposition and rational orientation depending on two internal conditions and two external conditions.

针对近来对中西政治思想比较研究的两类质疑，文章明确指出中西政治思想比较本身具有正当性依据，并在分析反对中西政治思想比较研究的看法的基础上，为中西政治思想比较研究提供了理智的辩护，进而提出应该给予中西政治思想比较研究以合理的定位，而这种合理定位依赖于两个内部条件和两个外部条件的具备。

Therefore, the following are the issues that the present paper intends to explore: what would happen to one's enculturation if the"break"occurs, what impacts that the"break"would have on the process, and what would result in for the man in his real life. The present thesis, reports the results of a comparative study on the issues between the enculturation of the Uygur children of the SOS of Urumqi and the enculturation of the rural Uygur families of Zanggui Town, Pichan County, Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, based on the ethnographic data obtained from the author's field work.

本文运用比较研究的方法，选择将乌鲁木齐SOS儿童村维吾尔&家庭&的濡化教育作为比较的重点，以和田地区皮山县藏桂乡的维吾尔族家庭濡化教育作为比较对象，对上面所提出的问题进行分析和研究：一、乌鲁木齐SOS儿童村维吾尔&家庭&濡化教育与和田地区皮山县藏桂乡的维吾尔族家庭濡化教育实施基础的比较；二、乌鲁木齐SOS儿童村维吾尔&家庭&结构与和田地区皮山县藏桂乡维吾尔族家庭结构的比较；三、乌鲁木齐SOS儿童村维吾尔&家庭&濡化教育与和田地区皮山县藏桂乡维吾尔族家庭濡化教育具体实施过程的比较。

The form discussion studies Liang Zongdai and Ye Gongchao respectively introduced and spreaded the French imagism and British and American formalism. The Poem special issue in the literature and art supplement of Ta kung Pao Newspaper and New Poetry organized twice discussions in poetic forms. The pure poetry school introduced that the modernists introduced the western and ancient pure poetry theories: from Baudelaire, Mallarme, Vale'ry, H. Read, A. Bremond to J.M. Murray, and the basic idea and difference of pure poetry. Besides, a lot of modem poets became greatly interested in pursuit heat of the pure poetry in late Tang and Nan Song dynasties, studying the development and variation of pure poetry. Music theory argues that modernists make introduction and reform on the western and Chinese music theory. He Qifang and Bian Zhilin continue the topic to the contemporary time, and put forward the theoretical frames in Chinese poetry. Rhyme and rhythm theory make researches on the introduction and reform of French symbolism and British and American modernists' rhyme and rhythm theory, making studies on the Chinese new form poetry and its thyme and rhythm theory.

纯诗论是形式论的重心；对西方和古代的纯诗理论之引入，引进了从坡到波德莱尔、马拉美、瓦莱里、默里、里达、白瑞蒙的纯诗理论；纯诗理论的基本内涵与差异；诸多现代派诗人掀起了晚唐南宋纯诗热，对姜夔、严羽作了新的理解；对纯诗理论的发展和变异，含梁宗岱的现象学形式论，何其芳的唯美论与形式论，现代派诸人的诗本体论；梁宗岱对纯诗理论的中国化研究，含梁宗岱的超越性与形式性，&超验&与&妙悟&的比较研究与形态超脱性的比较研究；中西纯诗形态的超脱性等；现代派纯诗论是对初期白话诗理论的清算，对新月派、象征派探索的总结和发展，音乐论是对纯诗论的延伸和对格律论的发展；现代派引入研究了西方诗学音乐论理论，含坡、瓦莱里、里德的纯诗音乐论、抽象音乐论、各种具体的音乐论技术论点；引入了中国古代诗学中关于诗与音乐、音韵、音顿、音义、平仄双声叠韵等音乐的理论；进行了两次关于新诗音乐论的大讨论；在节奏、音顿、音韵三方面借鉴了西方的理论，同时改造了古代的格律理论，扬弃了平仄说，何其芳、卞之琳把新诗音乐论命题延续到当代，提出了汉诗音乐论的理论框架。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了