比较文学

Due to its cross-cultural nature, translation study has become one of the most popular fields of research in comparative literature.

由于翻译研究的跨文化性质，它已经成为比较文学学科当前最热门的研究领域之一，并形成了比较文学中一个自成体系的分支"译介学"。

In this series of articles, He Yunbo proposes the ideal textbook of Comparative Literature in his understanding, distinguished by the qualities of academic intensity, dialogue, and unfinishedness; ZhangYuejun introduces the status quoof Comparative Literature studies in the USA; Zhang Xu's article concerns itself with the discipline organizational system, curriculum planning, teaching trends and problems in the field of comparative literature inHongKong; whereas ZhongYouxun aims at some fundamental issues of the educational system as awhole, and expresses his anxiety over the dilemma of graduate education and the pedagogy of comparative literature.

何云波首先提出了他心目中理想的研究生教材的构想：学术性、对话性、未完成性；张跃军介绍了美国比较文学研究的现状；张旭的文章涉及香港比较文学学科建制、课程设计、教学动态、存在的问题等；钟友循则从整个教育的某些根本问题入手，提出了研究生教育及比较文学教学所面临的困境。

It aims to explore the contribution of Ping Fang's interlingual writing especially his comparative studies to the development of comparative literature in China.

探讨方平的语际书写尤其是比较文学平行研究上的实践和追求对中国比较文学的发展所做出的贡献。

Cultural studies aim to reveal the metaphorical relationship between the non-literary factors and literature, contrariwise, comparative literature is devoted to decoding the metonymical relationship between the literal elements.

文化研究的对象是文化系统中文化诸要素与艺术文本的隶属关系，比较文学的研究对象应是文化系统中艺术文本的并置结构关系；文化研究致力于破解文化系统中非文学因素与文学的各种隐喻关系，是一种纵向研究；比较文学致力于破解文化系统中不同文学因素之间的各种转喻关系，是一种横向研究。

It argues that the sustained anxiety and crisis mainly result from the insufficiency in the theoretical construction of the discipline and the renewed paradigms proposed by american school. it also investigates the cultural and academic milieus of the advent of the "theoretical heat" and "cultural turn" in the field, and analyses their constructive as ewll as deconstructive influences on the discipline.

针对目前美国比较文学界出现的文化研究热和跨学科研究泛化现象，本文追根溯源，考察美国比较文学学科的当代发展历程和研究范式变革，指出其开拓比较文学新研究领域的意义，及其在比较文学学科理论建设上的不足，探讨导致学科危机的内外在原因。

It argues that the sustained anxiety and crisis mainly result from the insufficiency in the theoretical construction of the discipline and the renewed paradigms proposed by AmericanSchool. It also investigates the cultural and academic milieus of the advent of the "theoretical heat" and "cultural turn" in the field, and analyses their constructive as well as deconstructive influences on the discipline.

针对目前美国比较文学界出现的文化研究热和跨学科研究泛化现象，本文追根溯源，考察美国比较文学学科的当代发展历程和研究范式变革，指出其开拓比较文学新研究领域的意义，以及其在比较文学学科理论建设上的不足，探讨导致学科危机的内外在原因。

Spivak's Death of a Discipline, which has brought about heated discussion in western academia, is of significance to our resurveying of western Comparative Literature, especially that of U.S.

斯皮瓦克的《学科之死》在西方学界引起了的强烈反响，该书对我们重新审视西方比较文学特别是美国比较文学，尤其是探讨其&垂死&之由、&新生&之路，并进而反思我们的比较文学发展，具有重要的参考意义。

spivak's death of a discipline,which has brought about heated discussion in western academia,is of significance to our resurveying of western comparative literature,especially that of u.s.it is also significant for a study on comparative literature's death and its rebirth,and for a reflection on the development of china's comparative literature.the paper makes an introductory study on the original ideas as well as the insufficiencies of spivak's work.besides,it discusses the inspiration and further thinking the book brought to us.

斯皮瓦克的《学科之死》在西方学界引起了强烈的反响，该书对我们重新审视西方比较文学特别是美国比较文学，尤其是探讨其&垂死&之由、&新生&之路，并进而反思我们的比较文学发展，具有重要的参考意义。本文评介论析了斯皮瓦克观点的独创之见和不足之处，进而探讨了该书给予我们的思考与启示。

In this way we may get a holistic consideration of all the elements in literary exchange on the basis of similarity and differentiation.

最后，本文把异质性作为比较文学学科的在同一性之外的另一可比性基础提出来，认为比较文学变异学的研究对象是文学流传过程中的变异现象与跨文明的文学研究中的异质性因素，借助变异学理论比较文学研究可以在求同与辨异的基础之上，达到对文学交流中所有因素的全面考虑。

In this way we may get a holistic consideration of all the elements in literary exchange on the basis of similarity and difference.

最后，把异质性作为比较文学学科的可比性基础提出来，认为比较文学变异学的研究对象是文学流传过程中的变异现象与跨文明的文学研究中的异质性因素，借助变异学理论比较文学研究可以在求同与辨异的基础之上，达到对文学交流中诸因素比较全面的考虑。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。