比较函数

Call mode, input, output and parameters of several MPI collective communication operations in CAMPI are discussed. We have implemented barrier, broadcast and reduction operations in CAMPI and have analyzed application performance. In performance contrast, CAMPI can archive better performance improvement relative to MPICH.

通过讨论多种MPI的集合操作，给出它们在CAMPI中的函数调用方式、输入参数描述、输出参数描述、参数说明和函数说明，重点针对同步、广播和归约操作，实现了CAMPI集合通信操作库的子集，并且给出应用性能分析，在性能比较中，相对MPICH可以获得较高的性能改善。

In the chapter 3, first introduces estimator of functional coefficient autoregressive model and local linear estimation method and its asymptotic normality forα-mixing samples is given and improved selected method of parameters, then studies application of FAR model in stock market, finally compared goodness of fit between AR and FAR models by generalized likelihood ratio method, and then forecast result.

其中，我们对模型参数的选择方法略作改进，使之更具可操作性，然后用函数系数自回归模型对上海股市日收益率进行实证研究，并利用广义似然比检验对函数系数模型和线性模型进行有效性检验及预测结果比较。

The application of genetic algorithms to search for optimization of function is studied, and the comparison of optimization of function achieved by genetic algorithm with binary code and octal code is analyzed.

研究了遗传算法在寻找函数最优值方面的应用，比较分析了二进制遗传算法和八进制算法的函数优化结果。

Several important matrix function such as e〓, log (1+A), cos (1+A) and A〓 are approximated via truncated matrix continued fractions, and the error bounds associated with the continued fraction approximants of these matrix function are given.

在第六章，我们研究了矩阵函数的数值计算，我们给出了几个比较重要的矩阵函数如e〓，log（1+A），cos与A〓的连分式逼近算法，并给出了各自的误差分析。

The main aim of this thesis is to extend some results of classical convex analysis to notions of Carnot groups, which contain the inequalities of Hadamard type, the Lipschitz continuity, the comparison principle and the second order derivatives for convex functions on Carnot groups G and regularity of quasiconvex functions on G.

本文的主要目的是推广欧氏空间凸分析中的一些结果到Carnot群上凸分析的情形，其中包括Carnot群上凸函数的Hadamard型不等式、Lipschitz连续性、比较原理、二阶可微性及拟凸函数的正则性问题。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

The characters of several current calculation methods of disturbing gravitation are compared and the spherical harmonics function to calculate the disturbing gravitation is adopted.

通过比较几种现有的扰动引力计算方法的特点，采用了球谐函数法计算扰动引力，给出了用几何关系法求落点偏差的方法，分析了扰动引力在导弹飞行过程中的变化趋势和球谐函数模型取不同阶数时扰动引力计算造成的落点偏差，实现了通过合理选取球谐函数阶数来保证扰动引力截断误差较小的快速计算。

An improved TennenGrad criterion function and an improved Laplace criterion function are proposed for microscopic coarse autofocusing, which use Sobel operators and Laplacian operators to convolve and add together the absolute values of matrix pixels for a image.

提出了使用Sobel算子或Laplace算子做卷积，对图像像素点进行绝对值相加的TennenGrad改进算法，以及La-place改进算法，和几种已有评价函数进行分析比较。为了判断粗调评价函数的优劣，对评价函数的判断准则进行了逐一分析，并且将平滑性、高效率、强壮性作为最主要的衡量标准。

Because constructing the fuzzy function is aim at every target of financial risk dividedly, the fuzzy function constructed has target and is a quantitative member belongs to [0,1]. Thus the constructing of function has more objective, and better reflect the unified target .

因为构造出的模糊函数是分别针对金融风险的每一个目标的，这样构造出的模糊函数带有目标性，且是[0，1]区间的一个量化数，这样函数的构造就比较有针对性，且更好地反映了目标化的统一。

By usingthe dynamica l programming method, the optima l investment portfolio andconsumption policies for one kind of typica l utility function case areobtained,then we make numerica l simulation for it and get the numerica lsolution.

然后运用动态规划方法，对于一类特殊的效用函数情形，求出了最优投资组合及消费选择的显性解，并进行数值试验，得出了值函数的近似解，最后将值函数的解析解和数值解进行比较，得到了相对误差示意图。

Fancy gold-plated dangling earrings with facetted White Opal crystals.

花式镀金悬垂耳环与facetted白欧泊水晶。

This essay chooses the study aim from biology teachers in middle school in Shi Jiazhuang which tells us that most of the middle school biology teachers in Shi Jiazhuang have the"burnout", lower successfulness, individualize.

本文选取石家庄市初中生物教师作为研究对象，运用问卷调查的方法对石家庄市初中生物教师职业倦怠的现状进行调查，调查结果发现，石家庄市初中生物教师这一群体普遍存在职业倦怠，情感枯竭程度偏高，成就感偏低，去个性化程度最为严重。