正整数

The symcenter of conoscopic interference pattern is corresponding to vertical incident light and crystal birefractive index is proportional to interference order m. Decimal fraction of interference order m is calculated by the placement of central dark fringe and integer part is ascertained by self-consistent method.

干涉图的对称中心对应于正入射光线，双折射率正比于此点的干涉级m，m的小数部分主要由中央暗条纹的位置决定，m的整数部分由自洽的办法求出。

According to the Galois extension theory of the number field,the discriminant of the field and the integral basis theory,the necessary and sufficient condition is attained which is m≡n≡1(mod4),where m and n are two different rational integers without square factors.

四次域是重要的Galois数域之一，该文对四次域Q进行了讨论；利用Galois扩张、域的判别式及整基等一些理论，得出了其具有正规整基的充要条件为m≡n≡1(mod4)(其中m，n是2个不同的无平方因子有理整数)。

The integer part,which may be positive or negative,of the representation of a logarithm.

对数表示法的整数部分，它可以是正的或负的。

In chapter 4, Based on the orthogonality relations and duality of C-algebras, we study the decompositions of C-algebras, and give a Fourier inversion formula on C-algebras, which generalizes the Fourier inversion formula on the center of a finite group algebra over complex. As an application, we characterize the integral closure of C-algebras over the ring of integers, and show a necessary and sufficitient condition for elements of C-algbras being algbraic integral over integers.

第四章 我们应用C-代数的正交性及对偶性刻画了C-代数的一个分解，给出了C-代数上这个完全分解的Fourier反演公式，从而推广了Z分解的Fourier反演公式；作为Fourier反演公式的一个应用，我们刻画了Z在整数环Z上的整闭包，进一步我们研究了C-代数在整数环Z上的整闭包，给出了C-代数在整数环Z上为整元的一个充要条件。

In chapter one,we discuss tournament matrices that can not end in tie and theyare(0,1)-matrices,we first obtain a better lower bound for the number of regulartournament matrices,then we discuss the payoff matrix of tournament matrix,obtainsome properties of positive tournament matrices,a correlation between the spectralof a tournament matrix and its payoff matrix.We find serveal conditions that areequivalaent to a tournament matrix having 1 as its a eigenvalue.

第一章讨论不允许平局的竞赛矩阵-（0，1）-矩阵，得到了正则竞赛矩阵数目的一个下界，它改进了文献〓中已有的结果；在文献〓的基础上进一步讨论了正竞赛矩阵的性质，给出了利用已知平衡向量构造新平衡向量的方法；讨论了竞赛矩阵和它的支付矩阵的特征值之间的关系；指出了文献〓中的一个错误，回答了文献〓中的一个公开问题，得到了整数1为竞赛矩阵的特征值的充要条件及这种矩阵的谱根与得分向量之间的关系。

Using the divisible theory of the integer,the underside conclusion is proved:for all the vertex-coloring formulas of the regular polyhedron ,let be any integer,the result of these formulas is still the integer.

利用整数的整除理论，证明了以下结论：在所有正多面体顶点着色公式中，当颜色数取任何一个整数时，这些公式的计算结果仍然是整数。

By using the transfer matrix method of multibody system, the hard problem of computation of the vibration characteristics of LRMLRS coupled with rigid bodies and elastic bodies is solved which is very difficult to the ordinary dynamic methods, and the vibration characteristics of LRMLRS which is varied when the number of rockets in the launch device is varied, is obtained conveniently. By developing augmented eigenvectors of the LRMLRS and its orthogonality conditions, the nonorthogonality problem of the multibody system including rigid bodies and elastic bodies is solved and the exact analysis of the dynamics response of the LRMLRS including rigid bodies and elastic bodies is realized. By using the random integer programming method, the hard optimization problem which contains continuous variables, discrete variables and random variables at the same time is solved. This method provides a technology for optimum design with random variables and discrete variables. The dynamic optimum design is realized to decrease the number of rockets consumption in the LRMLRS test. The simulation system of dispersion of fire is established by using the maximum entropy method to estimate dispersion of fire.

通过应用多体系统传递矩阵法，解决了刚弹耦合远程多管火箭多体系统振动特性这一通常力学方法不便于解决的计算难题，方便地获得了远程多管火箭振动特性及其随发射架上火箭弹个数变化而变化的情况；通过构造增广特征矢量及其正交性条件，解决了刚弹耦合多体系统特征矢量不具有通常意义下的正交性的难题，实现了对刚弹耦合远程多管火箭动力响应的精确分析；应用随机整数规划法，解决了同时考虑连续、离散和随机变量等多种设计变量的优化设计难题，为含随机和离散变量的优化设计提供了手段，实现了减少远程多管火箭试验用弹量的动态优化设计；建立了应用最大熵法估计的密集度仿真系统，优化射序和射击间隔，实现了提高远程多管火箭射击密集度的动态优化。

Including 0 is now the common convention among set theorists, logicians, and computer scientists.

零是一个非常奇特的数。自然数集合为N，也叫正整数。楼上说改了，那么是什么情况？

To any positive integer n, we apply the general term formular for the equation of devision that can produce a general equation or nth degree in one unknown, i.

对任意正整数n，运用等分方程定理的通项公式，就可产生一个一元n次方程的一般式。

The intersection problem of simple directed triple systems with λ=2 is completely solved, namely, it is proved that for v ≡0,1 (mod 3), v ≥3,there exist two simple DTS( v ,2)s intersecting in s triple if and only if, s∈{0,1,2,…,2v(v-1)/3},s≠[2v(v-1)/3]-1, while v≥4 s∈{0,2,4},while v

解决了单纯二重有向三元系的相交数问题。即证明了对于任一正整数v≥3，v≡0，1（mod3），存在两个单纯二重有向三元系相交于s个公共区组的充要条件是：当v≥4时，s∈｛0，1，2，…，2v（v－1）／3｝，s≠［2v（v－1）／3］－1；当v＝3时，s∈｛0，2，4

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。