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One positive bipolaron can be slipt into two positive polaron, and one positive polaron can be split into one a negative polaron and the other a positive bipolaron—where this photoinduced carrier fission does not need the aid of an external electric field, which is a typical symmetry breaking.

一个正的双极化子裂变成两个正的单极化子，以及一个正单极化子可以裂变成一个正的双极化子和一个负的单极化子。光诱导的载流子裂变不需要一个外电场的帮助，是一个典型的对称性破缺。

In accordance with the large scale and badly Ill-condition of image restoration,this thesis presents a class of regularized PCG algorithm which combines PCG algorithm and some regularization strategies.These strategies include the construction of new preconditioner,the adoption of optimum stopping rule and the extrapolation techniques of RPCG-solution with respect to regularization parameter.

本文针对图像恢复中问题规模大且病态严重等特点，将现行的PCG算法和若干正则化策略相结合，提出了一类正则化的PCG算法，这些策略包括：新预处理子的构造，最优停止准则的采用，关于正则参数的RPCG—正则解的外推策略。

objective: to evaluate the clinical application of helical ct for the location or treatment of maxilla embedded tooth in the dental orthopaedics.method: 18 cases with embedded tooth of maxilla were made with clinical examination, dentomaxillary pantomography, submaxilla lateral projection and helical ct.the operation be done for supernumerary tooth,distorted teeth,inverted tooth.three embedded tooth of non-inverted tooth were done by orthopaedics.result: among the 18 embedded tooth ,there were 11 palatally and 6 labially presented teeth,1 the 18 patients is mediately with completely inverted supernumerary tooth.all preoperative assessment are one and all in operative or orthopaedics and primary wound healing.

四川大学华西口腔医学院正畸科，四川成都 610041摘要：目的：正畸治疗中对上颌埋伏牙如何定性，定位，并要对此是采取手术拔除［1］或者是正畸治疗进行探讨。方法：对18例（其中1例为2颗多生牙，1颗多生牙已长出，另一颗为完全倒置的多生牙），上颌前部埋伏牙采用临床检查以及拍摄全景片、头侧位片螺旋ct轴位和表面成像等检查［2～4］对埋伏的多生牙、畸形牙和倒置牙共15例采用了相应的手术进路拔除，对形态正常且不倒置的3颗埋伏牙采用了正畸治疗。

By introducing the concepts of semiideal and regular semiideal with respect to a given subring, the general power rings and regular power rings are constructed and a number of examples of non-regular HX rings and non-regular power rings are cited.

通过引入了关于一个子环的半理想与正则半理想概念，构造出一般幂环与正则幂环，并具体给出了若干非正则HX环与非正则幂环的例子。

There is a positive relationship between the degree of knowledge tacitness and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the degree of knowledge overlap and transfer cost; there is a positive relationship between the degree of physics distance and transfer cost, but the relationship is not that significant; there is a positive relationship between the hierachical distance and transfer cost; there is a negative relationship between the trust and transfer cost.

结论如下：首先，从知识情境来说，知识隐含性与知识转移成本成正相关关系；其次，在相关情境重，部门差距与知识转移成本的正相关关系这一假设未能通过验证，知识重叠性与知识转移成本成负相关关系；知识转移双方物理距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系，但显著性处于临界状态，不能完全支持假设；职位距离与知识转移成本成正相关关系；在接收者情境中，基于能力的信任和基于善心的信任与知识转移成本成负相关关系。

At the second place, feasibility of edge detection based on orthogonal wavelet is discussed in the article. Its theoretical key of edge detection based on orthogonal wavelet that approximate symmetrical or antisymmetrical orthogonal real wavelet can be constructed though Haar wavelet is the only symmetrical or antisymmetrical orthogonal real wavelet.

随后本文讨论了正交小波基用于边缘检测的可行性：虽然除了Haar小波外再也找不到对称或反对称的正交实小波，但是可以构造出近似对称或反对称的正交实小波，这就是正交小波用于边缘检测的理论关键。

Various mole ratios of acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate were used to copolymerize in aqueous solution by Redox and the copolymers were obtained. The copolymers containing MOCT were synthesized by adding MOCT before copolymerization. The copolymer were derived from the copolymerization of AN and MMA in 30L kettle and then were mixed with various contents of MOCT, the copolymer films were cast by solution of the copolymer containing MOCT.

本课题采用不同摩尔比的丙烯腈和甲基丙烯酸甲酯进行水相沉淀聚合，制备了AN／MMA共聚物；在聚合阶段加入正十八烷微胶囊，制得了正十八烷微胶囊含量不同的共聚物；选择合适的条件进行大釜聚合，得到共聚物后与不同比例的正十八烷微胶囊混合，通过流延制得正十八烷微胶囊含量不同的共聚物膜；并尝试进行了纺丝实验。

It concludes that the essence of coprincipal lies in the fact that more than two doers regard acts of each counterpart as own ones and mutually utilizes, so as to form a uniform and organic unit and actualize component of special offence. So intention liaison is essential to coprincipal. But there is no reason to confine it to liaison of criminal intent, because it is joint act that is the central element of coprincipal. Intention liaison is only a coupling factor which facilitates joint act and explains whether act is joint. Provided that intention liaison can help to make more than two doers utilize and reinforce mutually so as to form into a uniform and organic unit, we will have full reason to regard the intention liaison as the one in terms of joint crime. Aggregation and filtration is essence of intention liaison.

关于共同正犯中意思联络的检讨，文章从个人责任原则如何在共同犯罪领域贯彻的角度出发，认为共同正犯的本质在于二人以上在具有行为相互认识的基础上，彼此将对方的行为作为自己的行为，并相互利用、相互补充，形成一个统一的有机整体，实现特定犯罪的构成要件，因此，意思联络是成立共同正犯所必需的，但是没有理由将意思联络限定于犯意的联络，因为行为之共同才是共同正犯的核心要素，意思联络只是促成并且说明行为是否共同的一个联结性要素，而不是刑法规范独立的评价对象。

The results showed that (1) The grain size of nanometer YiO_2 was40～80nm.The wavelength corresponding to the maximum absorbency values were observedin the 200～320nm range.The crystal structure of carbon doped TiO_2 photocatalyst is primarilyanatase(22.43% rutile), and the content of carbon is about 4.6%.(2) The relative humidityvaring from 8% to 80%, the photocatalytic degradation degree of benzene increased withincreasing relative humidity; and to toluene, degradation rate was hanced by relative humidityup to 60%, and more or less inhibited above 60%.(3) Scheme and results of orthogonal testswere used by evaluating the photocatalytic performance of the gas phase methanol, acetoneand 1-heptane.The results revealed that their degradation degree reached 84.5%, 93.39% and93.45%, respectively.(4) The 254nm UV lamp showed higher photocatalytic degradation rate.For methanol, acetone and 1-heptane, it was found that photocatalytic degradation reactionoccurs with the light strength of daylight lamp.(5) Under the the same conditions, 15%degradation degree has been obtained for benzene, whilst about 10% degradation degree wasattained by Degussa P25; During the initial phases, the toluene revealed higher photocatalyticactivity, comparing with Degussa P25, the degradation degree of methanol, acetone and1-heptane were slightly lower.

结果表明：(1)CVD法制备的纳米TiO_2光催化剂，颗粒球形度好、粒径在40～80nm之间；最大吸光度值所对应的波长为200～320nm；含碳量约为4.6％；晶型组成主要为锐钛矿型，金红石的含量约为22.43％；(2)在相对湿度为8％～80％范围内，苯的光催化降解率随着相对湿度的增大而增大；甲苯在相对湿度为60％时达到最好降解效果，当相对湿度增大到80％时光催化效果降低；(3)将正交实验设计及实验方案应用于气相甲醇、丙酮和正庚烷光催化降解研究，实验结果表明：三者最高降解率分别为84.5％、93.39％和93.45％；(4)有254nm紫外灯参与的光催化实验可以大大提高有机气体的光催化降解率；在日光灯的照射下，掺碳纳米TiO_2对气相甲醇、丙酮和正庚烷具有一定的光催化氧化能力；(5)较P25粉，在相同的光催化操作条件下：气相苯的平均降解率达15％，高于P25粉10％的降解率；气相甲苯在初始阶段具有较高的反应速率；气相甲醇、丙酮和正庚烷的降解率略低于P25粉。

Thermogravimetric analysis was extended to the measurements on vapor pressures of three n-alkanes, hexadecane, heptadecane and octadecane, on the basis of the Langmuir equation for zero-order vaporization process. The vapor pressures were calculated by two different methods, a constant-parameter one and a comparative one, from the TGA data. These results are in good agreement with the reference data calculated from the Antoine equation.

根据自由蒸发过程的Langmuir关系，将热重分析用于正十六烷、正十七烷和正十八烷等3个正构烷烃的蒸气压测定，分别采用常数法和比较法计算蒸气压，其结果与文献数据符合较好。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。