欺诈行为

And then the author explains and differentiates the legal meanings of fraud in three aspects, that is , fraud in system of juristic act , fraud in system of tortious act , and crime of fraud.

其次解释了欺诈在整个法律体系中的三个层面上的意义：第一是法律行为制度中的欺诈，第二是侵权行为法上的欺诈，第三是，刑事欺诈即诈骗罪。

According to the difference of connotation, the fraud tort can be divided into genuses: general fraud tort and special fraud tort.

根据欺诈侵权行为内涵的不同，欺诈侵权行为可分为一般欺诈侵权行为和特殊欺诈侵权行为。

At last, by analyzing the similarities and differences of legislation and judicature systems concerned of foreign country, the article discusses some good defense countermeasure that we should adopt by drawing lessons from the foreign country. Later it analyses providing concerned about criminal law, civil law, maritime law which are related to crime of cheat on L/C and points out the defects our legal system. Following that, it puts forward concrete proposal of legislation and judicature on proposal of legislation and judicature on improving legal system and taking strong measures against the behavior of crime of cheat on L/C. At last the article discusses the way to solve the self梥aving measures that every party should adopt and the concrete measurers that international organization uses to defense against cheat of L/C.

通过对西方国家有关信用证欺诈及其犯罪的立法、司法制度的比较分析，论述我国应该借鉴外国一些有益的防治措施，对我国的刑法、民法、海商法等涉及信用证欺诈的相关规定进行剖析，指出我国信用证欺诈方面法制的不健全之处，对完善我国信用证欺诈的法律体系与打击信用证欺诈犯罪行为提出具体的立法、司法建议；同时探讨信用证欺诈在法律冲突时的解决办法以及各方当事人应该采取的自力性救济措施和国际组织在防治信用证欺诈方面的具体措施。

The Noels did not know the family business was supported by fraud but that is not exactly a justification since Fairfield, like other funds of funds and European private banks that entrusted their investors' money to Mr Madoff, were paid above all to keep it safe.

诺埃尔夫妇不知道他的家族业务依靠的是欺诈行为，但这算不上什么正当理由，因为与其它把投资者资金交给马多夫管理的基金的基金和欧洲私人银行一样，Fairfield收取费用的最主要责任就是保证资金安全。

At the same time, a GSA administrator was trying to cut the budget for fraud investigations.

与此同时，一个GSA的管理员正在努力削减预算的欺诈行为进行调查。

That is what one American senator called the shenanigans over the UN's oil-for-food programme.

这是美国一参议员对联合国石油换食品计划中欺诈行为的评论。

It is just like the stock market only挂牌价fraud, but no real transaction price, Nanjing property is a rare disorder makes the purchase price如坠cloud people, the lending banks are treading on thin ice.

这就好比股市只有挂牌价欺诈行为，但没有实际交易价格，南京的财产是一种罕见的疾病使价款如坠云人，贷款银行都踩如履薄冰。

Credit and charge card fraud costs cardholders and issuers hundreds of millions of dollars each year.

信用卡欺诈行为使得持卡人和发卡银行每年要遭受上亿元的损失。

Note: Phishing is essentially an online con game and phishers use SPAM and false web pages to trick people into divulging sensitive information, such as bank and credit card accounts.

网络钓鱼：是一种网络欺诈行为，指不法分子运用欺骗性垃圾邮件或仿冒网站地址等手段骗取用户银行或信用卡账号、密码等私人资料

There is a massive fraud of minerals in Katanga, through Kasumbalesa,he says, promising to take some measures to re-organize the custom office.

他说&在加丹加有大量的矿石欺诈行为&，并承诺采取一些&措施以重组海关&。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。