次波

In this algorithm, the direction-of-arrival is assumed to be a discrete random variable with a priori probability density function defined on a set of candidate points. Whether or not the secondary sample is required is based on the a posteriori probability distribution of a set of candidate point"s, which can be calculated from the array received signals. And then, the resulting beamformer is a weighted sum of the beamformers pointed at the latest set of point"s, which are combined according to the value of the a posteriori probability for each pointing direction.

在该算法中，期望信号的波达方向被看作是一个定义在若干候选波达方向上的离散随机变量，由阵列接收信号计算出各候选波达方向的后验概率，并将后验概率的分布作为是否需要进行二次采样的判断标准；随后，对各波达方向上的波束成形权值线性加权，便可得到自适应波束成形器，权系数为各候选波达方向的后验概率值。

Combining the definition of CWT and the derivative property of convolution, we constructed a general method to calculate the approximate derivative of signal through CWT by using the first and second derivative of Gaussian function, Haar, and the first derivative of three-order-Spline function as wavelets. As compared with the other approaches of calculating derivative, which include the numerical differentiation, polynomial filters, Fourier transform, and the recently proposed DWT method, fast calculation and simple mathematical operation were remarkable advantages of CWT method. For the signal corrupted by severe noise (Signal-toNoise Ratio=5), the satisfactory results could also obtained via CWT method through appropriately adiusting the dilations.

在此基础上，(1)结合连续小波变换的特点和卷积的微分性质，提出了使用Gaussian函数的一阶和二阶导数，Haar和三次样条函数的一阶导数作为小波函数的连续小波变换计算信号近似导数的一般性方法，与其他导数计算方法(包括数字微分法，多项式滤波法，Fourier变换法和离散小波变换法)相比，本法简单便捷，计算速度快，对于噪声含量较高的信号(S/N为5)，只要适当调节尺度即可获得比较满意的结果。

Experimental results and values in theory were accordant well. Experimental results showed that the radius of focal spot would increase with the longer focal length, and focal depth would decrease with higher order of FZPs.

实验还发现，聚焦的焦斑半径会随着焦距的长度而增大，而聚焦深度则随着分形波带片的阶次的升高而减小，同时还对比了分形波带片和常规波带片的焦距调节方式和精度，理论研究表明分形波带片的调节焦距的方式具有更高的调节精度。

The preliminary chromatogram data were resolved with Mallat algorithm of wavelet analysis theory. This method that resetting the high frequency signals, reconstructing low frequency and then correcting the background signals in the original signal was to avoid the data skewness with negative digital points after background correction and achieve the baseline correction; according to the study and analysis of simulated data including curve background and real data of the needle-plate and free metal partials insulation defects, the method is effective; the best wavelet function of the background correction is Db5 and the best resolution times of the background correction is 8 for chromatogram data of SF_6 decomposition products, based on the calculation with different wavelet functions and resolution times.

在初步获取的气相色谱数据基础上，运用小波分析技术中的Mallat算法对色谱数据进行小波分解，采取将高频信号置零，重构低频背景信号，再用原始信号扣除背景信号的方法，并对背景信号进行纵向平移以避免扣除后出现负数据点造成色谱峰失真的题目及达到色谱图基线校正的目的；通过对含曲线背景信号的模拟色谱数据和针-板、自由金属微粒缺陷下的真实数据的计算研究表明，该方法的应用是有效的；并通过对不用小波函数和不同分解次数的背景扣除计算，确定了SF_6气体放电分解组分色谱背景扣除所选用的最佳小波函数为Db5小波和最佳分解次数为8次。

This instrument generated the sine wave signal which frequency could change in three situations. The sine wave signal inputted to the buffer amplifier, then divided into two groups, a group connected with oscilloscope to survey the peak-to-peak value of fundamental wave, another group connected with wave trap to filter out the fundamental wave, then the oscilloscope was used to survey the various sub-harmonics amplitude of the output.

该仪器是通过设计可变三种频率的正弦波信号发生器产生的正弦波信号，其输出信号经过缓冲放大器，输入放大器后分为两路，一路接入示波器，测量基波幅值；另一路接入陷波器将基波滤去，再用示波器测量其输出各次谐波幅值。

In this paper, we define quadratic spline as wavelet, do the two dimentional dyadic wavelet transform on near-infrared galactophore image, and get local modulus maxima from wavelet transforms results----rnodulus and angles, so we can find the blood vessel edge image in each scales, at last, we compute a good edge image which synthesize the characters in each scale.

本文中用二次样条小波作为小波基函数，对乳腺近红外图像进行二维二进小波变换，计算小波变换结果的局部模极大值点，得到各个尺度下的乳腺近红外图像血管的边缘，最后得到综合了各个尺度特征的较好的血管图像的边缘。

Numerical results indicate that in some cases detonation wave may quench when detonation wave front diffracts at the entrance of expanding chamber due to the extreme declination of temperature and pressure.

结果表明，爆轰波传播至突变截面扩张管道时，由于稀疏波的作用可能会使爆轰波局部熄爆甚至完全熄爆，对于某些敏感度高的反应气体爆轰波可以二次起爆。

However, to construct a tensor product orthonomal wavelet basis in L〓, 2〓-1 different functions are used. Furthermore, it is concluded that the family, obtained by dilations and translations from this radial wavelet as well as their linear combinations, can constitute an orthonomal basis in L〓. The conclusion is a major breakthrough in multidimensional wavelet analysis.

从而得到：由一个径向小波的伸缩、平移系及其线性组合可以构成n维平方可积函数空间L〓的规范正交基，这个结果将当前利用张量积方法构造n维正交小波基所需要的2〓-1个不同的函数降为仅需要一个径向小波函数，这在理论上是一个重大突破；构造了同时具备局部支撑和无穷次连续可微性质的高维不可分小波的例子，这是不同于I。

Under certain ratio of signal-to-noise and through the computer simulations and calculations, the performances in Mbius digital base band communication system of five often used modem function set, those are the even and odd symmetrical triangle wave, even and odd symmetrical square wave and saw-tooth wave and their inverse transforms, are simulated 10000 times, and the fluctuation ranges of the error rate P(subscript b are observed.

在一定信噪比的前提下，通过计算机仿真和编程计算，对Mbius数字基带通信系统中偶对称三角波、奇对称三角波、偶对称方波、奇对称方波和锯齿波这5种常用的调制解调函数族及其逆变换进行仿真1万次，观察错误概率P

Bius digital base band communication system of five often used modem function set, those are the even and odd symmetrical triangle wave, even and odd symmetrical square wave and saw-tooth wave and their inverse transforms, are simulated 10000 times, and the fluctuation ranges of the error rate P(subscript b are observed.

bius数字基带通信系统中偶对称三角波、奇对称三角波、偶对称方波、奇对称方波和锯齿波这5种常用的调制解调函数族及其逆变换进行仿真1万次，观察错误概率P

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。