次优化

Ethanol was chosen as the extract solvent from four kinds of solvents. Based on single factor experiment, the extraction conditions were optimized by orthogonally rotational combination design.

从4种常用试剂中选出乙醇作为提取剂，并在单因素试验的基础上，通过二次回旋转组合设计试验，优化白藜芦醇提取的工艺参数。

From the experiment discovered for the first time the dimethyl ether may substitute CO to take the chain-carrying agent of the peroxy free radical chemistry amplifier system, and optimized the CH_3OCH_3-NO-HO_2 chemistry amplifying system determination condition, the CH_3OCH_3 best density is 1.876 ppmv, the NO best density is 1.3ppmv, and obtained this method chain length CL=124, 5 parallel determinations densities of HO_2 are the 44.0pptv, the relatively standard deviation is smaller than 4%; Although chemistry box model computed result indicated the dimethyl ether, the ethene, the propene and the ethanol all can take the chain-carrying agent of the peroxy free radical chemistry amplifier system, and their simulation chain length all grows up compared to the CO-NO-HO_2 chemistry amplifying systems, but experiments proved the ethene, the propene and the ethanol have not suit the chain-carrying agents.

首次从实验上发现二甲醚可以替代CO作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂，并优化了CH_3OCH_3-NO-HO_2化学放大系统的测定条件，CH_3OCH_3的最佳浓度是1876ppmv，NO的最佳浓度为1.3ppmv，并得到了这一方法的链反应长度(CL=124)，5次平行测定浓度为44.0pptv的HO_2自由基，相对标准偏差＜4％；虽然化学盒子模式计算结果表明二甲醚、乙烯、丙烯和乙醇都能作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂，并且它们的模拟链长都比CO-NO-HO_2化学放大体系的链长大，但是实验证明乙烯、丙烯和乙醇不适合作为过氧自由基化学放大系统的链传递试剂。

Result The optimal nutrients for production of PDG by Phoma sp.

在单因素实验的基础上，通过三元二次中心组合设计和响应面分析法优化杜仲茎点霉SP-16F发酵产生PDG的最佳营养条件。

Two times hydrolyzation of Fe~(3+) and Cr~(3+) was firstly pointed out in the process of pillar preparation with hydrothermal method. In order to improve the thermal stability, Fe/Cr-Si-pillaring agent solution was synthesized by hydrolyzing Fe~(3+) and Cr~(3+) solution on the surface of silica sol, and Fe/Cr-Si-pillared montmorillonite (Fe/Cr-Si-PILM) was prepared with conventional method and hydrothermal method. Because the technical innovation of preparation is the best way to improve the PILM properties, two novel methods (Microwave method and Ultrasonication method) have been studied to synthesize Fe/Cr-PILM.In order to expand PILMs new application in the field of coal conversion, catalytic activity of Fe/Cr-Si-PILM catalyst in LongKou lignite and ShenHua coal residue liquefaction was discussed and characterized in the last part of this paper.

研究证明：蒙脱石的预处理是可行的，我们以预处理后的Ca-M为原料，研究并优化了PILM的水热法制备工艺，提出了金属离子的二次水解法；为了提高PILM的热稳定性，我们自制了硅溶胶，合成了Fe／Cr-Si三元复合柱化剂，并制备了Fe／Cr-Si-PILM；在PILM合成中，制备技术的革新是改进PILM性能的重要方法，为此我们探索了微波合成法和超声波合成法在制备Fe／Cr-PILM中的应用；最后，我们选择龙口褐煤和神华煤液化残渣为研究对象，探索了Fe／Cr-Si-PILM催化剂在煤炭液化中的应用，希望能开拓PILM应用的新领域。

Calcium montmorillonite was prepared by purifying LeXi bentonite with wet method two times. After purification, sodium modification of Ca-M was studied. A series of Fe/Cr-pillared montmorillonites were prepared with conventional method using sodium montmorillonite as experimental materials, and synthesis condition of Fe/Cr-PILM was studied and optimized. In order to shorten the preparation cycle of PILM by overleaping the step of sodium modification of Ca-M, the pretreatment technique for Ca-M has been pointed out for the first time. A series of PILMs were prepared with hydrothermal method using pretreated Ca-M as starting materials, which show that pretreatment of Ca-M is feasible.

然后，本文以莱西膨润土为原料，用二次湿法提纯了-2μm的钙基蒙脱石，对其进行了钠化改型研究；以改型后的钠基蒙脱石为原料，新型的铁、铬复合离子为柱化剂，研究并优化了常规离子交换法制备PILM的工艺；为了简化PILM的制备工艺，我们首次提出了蒙脱石的预处理工艺，希望通过预处理后可以省去蒙脱石的钠化工艺，以Ca-M为原料直接合成PILM。

The main results are as follows: 1.Through the solvent contrast test and the single-factor tests ensure that the best extraction solvent and the relevant factors effect on extraction rate.Orthogonal tests are use to assure the optimal method of extracting phenol compounds from Pistacia vera L .

主要结果如下： 1、通过溶剂对比试验及单因素试验确定了从阿月浑子叶片中提取总酚的最佳提取溶剂及影响浸提率的相关因素，并通过正交实验优化了最佳提取工艺条件：利用80%的丙酮水，按1：50的料液比，在60℃下连续浸提两次，每次60min。

The study showed that installing a precombustion chamber could help improve complete combustion of the burner.The terfiary air near the chamber wall could lower the temperature of the chamber inner wall.The study results provided the theoretical basis for optimum design of burner structure.

研究认为燃烧器设置预燃室有利于提高燃烧器的完全燃烧度，紧靠燃烧室壁面的三次风有利于降低燃烧室内壁温度，研究结果为燃烧器结构的优化设计提供了理论依据。

The operational parameters of this process are very flexible. The optimum postcombustion degree is 25～45% corresponding to the prereduction degree of 100～50%. The energy efficiency of the process is as high as 65%.

该工艺操作灵活，顶还原度50～100％对应的优化组合的二次燃烧率为45～25％，煤耗相应为725～683kg／tFe，低于其它工艺的煤耗，系统自身能量利用率可达65％以上，高于其它工艺流程。

On the basis of the single-factor experiment, the quaternionic quadratic rotational combination was used to optimize the extraction process of total relative flavone that came from fermentation fluid of citrus, and we had used the response surface methodology to study the best horizontal extent of solid-to-liquid ratio, extraction time, alcohol density, the microwave power which affected the rate of total flavone relative extraction.

在单因素试验的基础上，采用四元二次通用旋转组合试验优化柑橘皮渣发酵液总黄酮的提取工艺，用曲面响应法对影响总黄酮得率的料液比，提取时间，乙醇浓度，微波功率的最佳水平范围进行研究。

A Corner-tangential-boiler of 410t/h in Guohua Beijing thermal powerplant was studied in the thesis. Firstly, optimizing operation was carried on boiler for de-NOx emission; secondly, numerical simulation was made by Fluent software, the calculation results were consistent with experiments. The retrofit scheme of reburn was put out which ascended the upper primary wind.

本论文以国华北京热电分公司410t／h四角切圆燃煤锅炉为研究对象，首先进行了锅炉低NOx优化运行的试验研究；并通过Fluent数值模拟对其进行了深入的研究，计算结果与实际情况吻合较好，同时提出将上一次风上移作为再燃的改造方案，并对改造后的情况进行模拟预测，得到改造后工况运行优于现行工况。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。