横肌

Results:Six months after the childhood miniature pig transverse fracture of mandibular condyle,MRI medium-sized signal in both two sides in symmetry,no muscle necrosis under light microscope,and decrease of mitochondria,more glycogen granulation,clear myotome were found and no abnormal mitochondria and fatty degeneration under transmission electron microscope were shown.

光镜观察咀嚼肌和翼外肌横截面切片在不同时间均未显示任何破坏现象，透射电镜下髁突横断骨折后6个月组与正常对照组比较无明显变化，只显示线粒体数目减少、糖原颗粒较多、肌节各带清晰，无异常形态线粒体及脂肪变性。

These results are consistent with the hypothesis that, following fiber activation, a significant portion of the optically anisotropic elements rotate towards the actin filament causing the interfilament mass content to undergo redistribution.

上述结果表明肌动蛋白丝和肌球蛋白丝之间的重叠区和非重叠区中横桥的平均取向是不同的，在钙离子作用活化收缩时，会导致肌动蛋白丝和肌球蛋白丝之间的质量重新分配。

The length of attraumatic detachment and transverse diameter between the branches of the flexor digitorum superficialis muscle and the pronator teres muscle were similliar.

结果：正中神经发出的各肌支无典型的分布规律，大部分肌支集中在Ⅴ段、Ⅵ段。旋前圆肌肌支入肌点与指浅屈肌肌支第1支、2支入肌点位置相近，肌支可分离长度、横径接近。

Results 86 cases of polyacrylamide hydrogel were injectable implant in the treatment of non-organic change. 32 cases only because of psychological pressure,and urgent requirement for seeking out hydrogel,Were treated using suction liposuction methods.Induration significantly complicated and tough for using semi Central areolar incision under half,pumping out water gel thoroughly Abstract induration.Hydrogel into pectoralis major,who may armpit transverse incision after augmentation.

结果：86例聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射式隆乳术后的就诊者中，对无明显器质性改变，仅因心理压力过大而迫切要求取出水凝胶的32例求术者，采用脂肪抽吸式方法抽吸；对于并发硬结明显大而硬者，采用乳晕下1/2半环切开，抽吸水凝胶彻底摘出硬结；水凝胶注入胸大肌内、后间隙者可采用腋下横切口，分离胸大肌将乳腺后间隙水凝胶向胸大肌下间隙挤出抽吸到清亮液体后，同期放入假体于胸大肌后间隙。

To observe and measure the distance and angulation of some muscles such as flexor carpi ulnaris,extensor carpi ulnaris , flexor carpi radialis,extensor carpi radialis longus,extensor carpi radialis brevis, brachioradialis,etc,we achieved the moment of force and loaded them in the model .

测量8具新鲜成人尸体的前臂主要肌肉和韧带横截面积，分别取其平均值，通过横截面积的肌力计算法，求得肌力和韧带力。主要肌肉为肱桡肌、桡侧腕长伸肌、桡侧腕短伸肌、尺侧腕伸肌、尺侧腕屈肌、桡侧腕屈肌等。测量的主要韧带为腕掌侧韧带、腕背侧韧带等。测量主要肌肉和韧带与坐标轴的夹角，求得分力值，然后直接或根据力矩等价原则间接地将肌力加载于模型体表各节点。

The cross section of the mesothoracic dorsal longitudinal muscle in macropterous adult was 29 times of that in brachypterous adult, while the cross section of the mesothoracic dorsal longitudinal muscle in the brachypterous was only doublled from the critical period to audlt.

长翅型成虫背纵肌的横切面面积大约是短翅型的29倍，而短翅型成虫的背纵肌横切面积仅为4龄第16小时时若虫的2倍左右。

The morphologic change of muscle fibers: At the early stage of denervation, the area of cross sections decreased, some muscle fibers turned into angular fibers, nuclei congregated around the center of the fibers. After 8 weeks of denervation, atrophic and hypertrophic fibers coexist. Collagen increases under the endomysium and between the fibers.

肌纤维的组织形态学变化：面部肌肉失神经支配早期，肌纤维的横截面面积变小，出现角状纤维，肌细胞核聚集，细胞核从肌纤维边缘移至肌纤维中央附近；失神经支配后期，肿胀与萎缩的肌纤维并存，肿胀的肌纤维的横截面成倍大于正常的肌纤维，而萎缩的肌纤维的横截面则成倍小于正常的肌纤维；有大量的角纤维存在，肌纤维之间有较多的结缔组织增生。

In the southern Taiwan's medical center, between January of 2002 and December 31 of 2004, a transecting (cross-sectional) analysis of the breast cancer patients with or without immediately TRAM flap breast reconstruction after mastectomy was carried out. A structural formula questionnaire was utilized to collect the followings: patient's demography , disease special , influence of breast reconstruction operation factor and the health-related quality of life .

研究方法：研究对象主要以在2002年1月至2004年12月31日曾经在台湾南部某医学中心就诊及行乳房改良型切除术后以立即性横位式腹直肌肌皮瓣重建或未重建的女性乳癌病患，进行横断性（cross-sectional）的研究调查，而病患人口学资料、疾病特质、影响「乳房重建手术」因素及健康相关生活品质等，即是利用结构式问卷搜集。

Results The changes of extraocular muscles were not only the adhension with surrounding and incarceration with the fracture, but also the aspects themselves, appearance, location, thickness, macroaxis turning, and so on; Incarceration and herniation were few in medial orbital wall fracture ,but often in orbital floor fracture; Incarceration and herniation were more frequently in children than in adults; Coronal scanning, horizontal scanning and anteroposterior axes reconstitution had the different value.

结果 眼外肌除与周围有粘连和嵌顿外，还可见自身有形状、厚度、位置、长轴旋转等改变；内壁骨折极少引起内直肌嵌顿，下壁骨折中下直肌嵌夹及疝出则常见；未成年人下直肌嵌夹及疝出较成人常见；CT横轴位和冠状位，以及矢状重建在观察软组织变化中价值不同。

METHODS: Gelatin sponge (0.5 mm×0.5 mm) was implanted into deep fascia posterior segment of L3 transverse foramen of model group to establish models of L3 transverse foramen syndrome. The identical volume of sponge was implanted into gluteus maximus of experimental group. In the sham operation group, only L3 transverse foramen was exposed. The normal group was not given any treatment.

模型组将0.5 mm×0.5mm的明胶海绵置入L3横突后半段深筋膜中层下制备L3横突综合征动物模型；材料实验组将同样大小明胶海绵置于臀大肌下：假手术组仅显露L3横突，不置入明胶海绵：正常组为不做任何处理。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。