横向结构

New multi—objectives function (including mill stand longitudinal stiffness, distribution coefficient of loaded pressure between rolls, weight of mill stand, rolling power, rolls loaded gap profile changeability of bending force, transverse mill stand stiffness of bending force, transverse mill stand stiffness of rolling load) multi—constraints (including rolls strength, spindle strength, backup roll bearing load, minimum rollable gauge, roll surface temperature rise) rolls system parameters optimization model of four—high cold strip mill is established, and programme for mill structural illustration creation on the platform of AutoCad designs is compiled. With this as basis, rolls system parameters of Yichang thin strip corporation's 1219 cold mill are calculated using SUMT (subsequent unconstrained minimization technology).

本文建立了以板形和板凸度控制特性为目标的四辊轧机多目标函数（包括轧机纵向刚度、辊间压力分布系数、轧机重量、功率、弯辊力对轧机辊缝形状改变能力、对弯辊力的横向刚度、对轧制力的横向刚度）、多约束条件（包括轧辊强度、接轴强度、支承辊轴承负荷、最小可轧厚度、轧辊温升等）的辊系参数优化模型，以此模型为基础，利用惩罚函数法计算了益昌薄板公司1219冷轧机辊系参数，编制了AutoCAD平台下的轧机结构示意图自动图形软件。

Governing equations and boundary conditions can be derived from the principle of minimum potential energy and Hamilton's principle.

例如 ，航空结构上常用的蜂窝夹层板横向剪切模量与其它方向的弹性模量相比很小，横向剪切弯形不能忽略，相反它是一个重要的影响因素。

The result of optimization and analysis show: 1 across-axis sensitivity is smaller, less than 2% of the primary axis sensitivity; 2 the first mode is dominant at primary axis, which reduce intersectional coupling; 3 when damp ratio is between 0.3 and 0.7, accelerometer has better dynamic characteristic.

分析结果表明此种结构的具有：1横向灵敏度小，X、Z方向的横向灵敏度均不到敏感方向的2％；2在敏感方向上，一阶模态起主导作用，其它模态的影响较小，有利于减小交叉耦合的影响；3当阻尼比毛为0.3—0.7时，传感器具有较好的动态特性。

Due to the high/narrow demi-body and the wide/low connection bridge the transverse strength and torsional strength of the connection bridge has become a critical factor of the construction design of the wavepiercer.

也由于该船型片体窄而高，连接桥宽而矮的特点，使连接桥的横向强度、扭转强度成为结构设计的关键技术，但目前关于穿浪双体船在波浪中的横向载荷研究尚不多见。

Chapter Ⅴ establishes the spatial model of the medium-low speed maglev vehicle to calculate the lateral dynamic response in the cases of passive guidance and active guidance, the centrically arrangement and offset arrangement of electromagnets. As a result, the comparative analyses indicate active guidance can improve evidently the lateral dynamic performances of maglev vehicle.

本文第五章建立磁浮车辆系统的空间耦合模型，并考虑电磁力的空间耦合作用，比较研究了主动、被动导向和电磁铁横向对中、错位布置下磁浮车辆的横向动力性能，为低速磁浮车辆电磁铁导向结构设计及控制方式的参数选取提供动力学理论依据。

In this paper, the numerical simulation and experimental studies have been performed in order to understand the characteristics of the turbulent jets in crossflow, and the result is analyzed.

本文分别对缝隙和圆孔横向紊动射流的流场进行了数值模拟和实验分析，系统地分析了横向紊动射流的流场结构和流动机理。

A turbulent jet issuing transversely into a uniform crossflow is an important type of fluid flow and can be found in many engineering applications. It is of both academic and applied value to research its structural features and flow mechanisms.

横向紊动射流是流体运动的一种重要类型，它广泛存在于工程实际应用中，对横向紊动射流流场结构、流动机理的研究具有重要的学术意义，同时对解决工程应用中存在的许多问题具有指导作用。

Structure characteristics of the shell-side of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger and laws of fluid flow and heat transfer are researched deeply, and ""sideling flow"" in the shell-side is researched especially.

相对于现有壳程流体横向流、纵向流和螺旋流的流动状态，换热器壳程流体的倾斜流动状态兼有壳程流体横向流动和纵向流动所具有的传热和阻降性能的双重优势，从而发展了管壳式换热器壳程结构设计理念。

Based on the analysis of the lateral dynamics of tractor-trailer combination , tests on snaking characteristic of the scale model of tractor-trailer are carried out at different velocities and parameters.

在建立汽车列车横向动力学模型的基础上，在汽车列车横摆模拟实验台上，对在不同车速、不同结构参数条件下的汽车列车横向摆振特性进行试验，并对试验结果和数字仿真结果进行对比分析。

The field experiments on the near surface airflow, sand transport rate, grain size of the dune sands and the morphology of the dunes show that though shear velocity decreased at the toe of the transverse dune, the threshold shear velocity decreased simultaneously. The decreased threshold shear velocity and unsaturated sand flows at the stoss slope of the dunes resulted the erosion at the toe of the dune.

对简单横向沙丘表面的气流、输沙率、物质结构，以及形态学特征的观测表明，在横向沙丘迎风坡坡脚尽管剪切速度有所下降，但起动剪切速度同时减小，起动剪切速度减小与不饱和风沙流是沙物质在迎风坡坡脚不能产生沉积的主要原因。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。