横向的

Though, the lateral resolution of CM has been enhanced to be 1.4 times of that of a conventional optical microscope under the same aperture focus ratio, it is still two orders of magnitude lower than the axial resolution of itself.

然而，尽管共焦显微镜的横向分辨力已提高到相同孔焦比的普通光学显微镜的1.4倍，但与其本身的轴向分辨力相比，横向分辨力仍低2个数量级，因此进一步改善共焦显微镜横向分辨力的研究显得尤为迫切。

The low-dimensional Galerkin method is generalized to solve the flow around arbi-trarily translating circular cylinder.Active control problems of wakes behind circularcylinders are numerically investigated by only small number of modes.The in-line andtransverse oscillation of a circular cylinder with proper frequency produce Karman vor-tex street successfully in some subcritical regime,vhereas the transverse oscillation of acircular cylinder with 1.8 times the natural shedding frequency can effectively suppressthe Karman vortex street at a slightly supercritical Re.

将低维Galerkin方法推广至可以求解任意平移运动圆柱的绕流问题，用较少的模数值研究了圆柱尾迹的主动控制问题，在亚临界Re数下圆柱以适当的频率沿流向和横向振动均成功地激发出Karman涡街；而在略高于临界Re数下圆柱以1.8倍自然脱涡频率沿横向振动明显地抑制了Karman涡街；再现了超临界Re数横向及流向振动圆柱绕流的频率锁定等复杂非线性现象。

Finally it analyzes the feasibility that using hydromechanics to analyze traffic flow by contrasting various characters between traffic flow and fluid flow. It analyzes influence of road alignment to basic expressway segment capacity by hydromechanics, and obtains viscous resistance and viscous movement differential equation when the vehicle drives on circular curve segment of expressway. And it infers that viscous resistance is correlated with sideway force coefficient, slope of crown and radius of circular curve. Radius of circular curve, sideway force coefficient and slope of crown are bigger, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on nearside lane of circular curve; but radius of circular curve and sideway force coefficient are bigger, slope of crown is smaller, viscous resistance is smaller, the influence to capacity is smaller when the vehicle is running on fast lane of circular curve.

最后通过对比交通流与流体流的相似性，运用流体力学分析了道路线形对快速路基本路段通行能力的影响，求出了车辆在曲线路段的粘性阻力，建立了车辆在曲线路段的粘性运动微分方程，并由此推知，粘性阻力与横向力系数、路拱横坡度和圆曲线半径都有关系，当车辆在圆曲线外侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径、横向力系数和路拱横坡度越大，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小；而当车辆在圆曲线内侧车道上行驶时，圆曲线半径和横向力系数越大，路拱横坡度越小，粘性阻力就越小，对道路的通行能力影响就越小。

The assessment formula for shear capacity was established as well, and in which various impact factors of shear strength was considered comprehensively.3. Directed against the main forms of transverse connection in concrete beam bridges, model test and finite element analysis were carried out to find the impact laws of damage on concrete T-beam bridges, in which the three ways of hinged joint, flange rigid connection and cross slab rigid connection were considered. Transverse distribution and degenerate state of transverse connection were studied under various damage conditions. Based on the analysis of test and simulation results, the rule of live load adjustment coefficient of T-beam bridge was put forward, as well as the calculation formula.4. In view of the influence of the damaged transverse connections to load effect, the load effect model was amended by live load adjustment coefficient.

依据损伤出现频率与重要性等级，提出典型损伤混凝土梁式桥按体系损伤、构件损伤和材料损伤三个层次进行评定的原则。2、基于构件和材料层次损伤评估研究成果，对比分析损伤机理和适用条件，提出了《公路钢筋混凝土及预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范》(JTG D62-2004)抗弯承载力修正计算公式、抗剪承载力修正计算公式以及综合考虑抗剪强度影响因素的抗剪承载力评定公式。3、针对混凝土梁式桥主要横向连接形式，分别按铰结、翼缘刚接和横隔梁刚性连接损伤对T桥梁桥承载能力的影响进行了模型试验和有限元分析，研究了不同损伤工况对T梁桥荷载横向分配的影响及横向连接状态退化情况。

The results showed that,the sound pressure level increased significantly when narrow transverse groove was used;the effect of speed on the sound pressure level was greater than loading;the noise of S-shaped straight groove was lower,and the difference of sound pressure level between positive and negative rotation was small;the sound pressure level of 15° oblique groove was higher than 0° and 15° alternate groove,but the difference of sound pressure level between positive and negative rotation of 0° and 15° alternate groove was bigger.

结果表明，无论加刻什么类型的横向细沟槽，声压级都大幅升高；速度对声压级的影响程度大于负荷；在3种类型的横向细沟槽中，S形直沟槽噪声较小，且正、反转时声压级差异小；15°斜沟槽声压级较0°与15°交替排列沟槽略高，但0°与15°交替排列沟槽的正转和反转声压级差异较大。关键词：轮胎；轮胎噪声；胎面花纹；横向细沟槽中图分类号：TQ336.1；TB533+。2文献标识码：B文章编号：1006-8171(2009)

The spatial distribution of intra-node flux and source were approximated by a new orthogonal quadratic polynomial expansion, and a second-order polynomial provided the spatial expansion of transverse-leakage. The neutron angular distribution of flux and transverse-leakage were represented by the S quadrature set.

节块内横向积分通量、中子源的空间分布使用新的正交二次多项式近似；横向泄漏项的空间分布使用二阶多项式近似；中子通量和横向泄漏的角度通过离散纵坐标S

A plurality of lengthwise grooves 6 and a plurality of widthwise grooves 7 are formed on the sole 4, wherein the lengthwise grooves 6 extend in a length direction of the shoe 1 mutually in parallel, which are arranged in a widthwise direction of the shoe 1, and the widthwise grooves 7 extend in the width direction of the shoe 1 mutually in parallel between adjacent lengthwise grooves 6, which are arranged in the length direction.

所述鞋底4形成有：多个纵向沟槽6，它们沿所述鞋子1的纵向相互平行地延伸，并且沿所述鞋子的横向排列，多个横向沟槽7，在每对相邻的纵向沟槽6之间沿横向相互平行地延伸，并且沿纵向排列。

However, if inextensible horizontal reinforcing elements are placed within the soil mass, as shown in Figure 1b, these reinforcements will prevent lateral strain because of friction between the reinforcing elements and the soil, and the behavior will be as if a lateral restraining force or load had been imposed on the element.

然而，如果在土体中加入无伸展性的横向加固元素，如图1b 所示，这些加固物会由于加固元素与土体间的摩擦作用而防止横向应变的发生，其性能就如同在加固元素上施加横向约束力或荷载。

Lithologic character of Eogene syste is interbedded sandstone and mudstone primarily, including the thin layer oil shale, Neocene- Quaternary system is set of rivers deposits. Based on this, through the reaserch of ateral correlation and distribution characteristics of every structural layers show that: Paleozoic synthem overall thickness of relatively stable.The residual thickness of Mesozoic synthem is difference in the horizontal, Residues in the horizontal thickness of greater difference, to the greatest thickness achieve to 4500m. Eogene syste has obviously fault depression basin deposition characteristic, the thickness of many sags achieve to 3000 m ,from Neocene, the stratum crosswise mop tended to be stable.

在此基础上，通过对各构造层横向对比以及展布特征的研究表明，古生界构造层整体厚度相对稳定，冷武-奥陶系残留厚度在1200m左右，石炭-二叠系残留厚度在800m左右；中生界构造层残留厚度在横向上差异较大，最大厚度达到4500m，其中，下-中三叠统仅发育于南部小部分地区，最大厚度在1000m以上，侏罗系-下白垩统整体具有南厚北薄的展布特征，南部冠北洼陷厚度最大，达到3500m；新生界古近系具明显的断陷式盆地沉积特征，多个洼陷厚度在3000m以上，新近纪以后地层横向展布趋于稳定。

Finite-element analysis of quadrangular drill tower under wind load ;2. Curvature variation rule of cable and membrane structures subject to the wind load ;3. Then the wire strands and catway of Zhoushan Xihoumen bridge applied wind load in main cable construction are studied.

探讨了西堠门大桥主缆架设期间不同工况中索股在各级风载下的横向变形规律，结合猫道在不同级风载作用下的横向变形，通过索股和猫道相对横向变形量确定出猫道上可供主缆架设施工的风速。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。