模糊度

Aiming at GPS kinematic positioning actuality and existent problem, the paper researches the theory method of GPS EPOCH-BY-EPOCH kinematic positioning and the basic function, configuration and use method of Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2 software by the numbers.

本论文针对GPS动态定位的现状和存在的问题，系统地研究了GPS单历元动态定位的理论方法和Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2 解算软件的基本功能、结构及其使用方法，围绕利用先验信息改善单历元整周模糊度的解算方法进行系统的研究。

Aiming at GPS kinematic positioning actuality and existent problem, the paper researches the theory method of GPS EPOCH-BY-EPOCH kinematic positioning and the basic function, configuration and use method of Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2 software by the numbers. The paper studies the solution calculation way of using transcendental information to improve the whole circumference ambiguity.

本论文针对GPS动态定位的现状和存在的问题，系统地研究了GPS单历元动态定位的理论方法和Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2解算软件的基本功能、结构及其使用方法，围绕利用先验信息改善单历元整周模糊度的解算方法进行系统的研究。

The text analyses GPS observation model, the characteristic of kinds of errors fountain and the adopting measures in the observation, and processes the thorough research to Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2. It makes the most stable satellites as the main error. The differential way adopts non-differential way and double differential way. The positioning precision of the single point is decimeter level. RMS is within 0.01~0.02; If the ambiguity right and without week skip, the observation datum of a EPOCH-BY-EPOCH can make the short base line（S0km）positioning precision reach centimeter level.

本文分析了GPS的观测模型、观测量中各种误差源的特点及应采取的措施，并对Bernese GPS Software Ms-Windows Version 4.2 软件进行了深入的研究，它是以最稳定的卫星作为主差，采用非差和双差两种差分方法，单点定位精度在分米级，RMS能在0.01~0.02以内；在模糊度已求解正确条件下，若没有周跳，一个历元的观测数据就可以使短基线（S0km）定位精度达到厘米级。

If beyond the limits of ambiguity, it will cause or result in unambiguous language ambiguous.

如果超出了模糊度的界限，就会造成语言含糊或导致歧义。

Moreover, a composite evaluation function that includes region uniformity, gray contrast, shape parameter and fuzzy measure is presented.

对几种具有实际意义的图象分割质量评价参数及模糊度做了分析，提出了一个综合评价函数。

The accurate float ambiguity solutions are obtained using one epoch single frequency phase data. The ameliorated approach can weakens the condition number and improve the precision and efficiency of integer ambiguity solution.

通过改进的正则化矩阵的作用，减弱了法矩阵的病态性，改善了法矩阵的条件数，可以得到更准确的模糊度浮动解，来提高整周模糊度求解的精度和效率。

By introducing the steepest descent algorithm , conjugate gradient algorithm , Newton algorithm , Rayleigh Quotient Iteration algorithm and variable metric algorithm , the MSBMDA is implemented iteratively.

MSBMDA算法将盲多用户信道估计或多用户信息符号估计的模糊度限制到以±1，±j为元素的对角矩阵内，并消除了用户次序的模糊度。

This paper discusses a fast calculation method of GPS carrier phase integer ambiguity resolution, analyze independent variables in search space, derivate new residual transition matrix which directly associates all measurement error with minimum search space, and search space is minimized through selecting the ambiguity combination which is consistent with satellite geometry size and measurement error.

探讨了一种GPS载波相位整周模糊度的快速求解方法，分析了搜索空间中的独立变量，推导出了新的传递矩阵。该矩阵将所有的测量残差直接和最小求解搜索空间相关联，通过仅选择那些与卫星几何尺寸和测量残差一致的模糊度的组合，搜索空间被最小化。

In this paper, we also introduced FS-SVM. From the fuzzy grades we directly educed this algorithm.

本文还介绍了模糊样本支持向量机，从样本的模糊度直接进行算法推导。

By whitening the covariance matrix of flat ambiguity, correlation between ambiguity components, the number of local extrema of cost function is reduced.

通过白化处理模糊度，减少模糊度搜索中指标函数的局部极值点，采用适当的编码和遗传操作使得在种群个体较少的情况下避免搜索陷入早熟。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。