模糊度

The index system was first set up, which reflected the economy, society, resources and environment conditions in the district. Then, factorization method was employed by using the software SPSS to obtain comprehensive index numbers. The linear regression method and fuzzy mathematics method were used to compute the coordination degree of economy, society, resources and environment. Finally, on the basis of the status of comprehensive evaluation indexes and coordination degree of the district, the main problems in the sustainable development of Beibei District were found out and some suggestions were also proposed.

为将北碚建设成为国家可持续发展示范区，探讨有北碚特色的可持续发展模式，首先建立反映北碚区经济、社会和资源环境发展状况的指标体系；在此基础上，利用SPSS软件对数据进行因子分析，得到三大体系的综合评价指数；将综合评价指数代入eview软件选择适合的回归方程，再利用模糊数学的方法，计算出成立试验区以来北碚的经济、社会和资源环境的协调发展度；最后在综合评价指数和协调度的基础上，发现北碚区协调发展的主要问题并给出建议。

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

To deblur edge after image magnifying,an adaptie edge sharpness presering image magnification is put forword,which can fit edges of any direction,gradient and amplitude,utilizing the gradient imgormation of the image and the properties of the hyperbolic tangent function haing reiewing the character of a typical edge.

针对图像放大后出现边缘模糊的现象，论文考察了典型边缘的特征，利用图像的梯度信息和双曲正切函数的性质，提出了一种较好地拟合任意方向、陡度和幅度的边缘，因此能够保持边缘锐度的自适应图像放大算法。

In the fuzzy inverse mapping,the use of gray expansion of the inverse transforms function can improve the enhancement effect;eliminate the cut-off gray-scale brought about by the loss of information.

在模糊逆映射上，采用灰度级扩展的逆变换函数，使增强效果进一步提升，消除了由于截断带来的灰度信息损失。

Image enhancement ; genetic algorithm ; fitness ; mean square deviation ; information entropy ; fuzzy compactness

影像增强；遗传算法；适应度；均方差；信息熵；模糊紧支度

this paper put forward a new method , which combined the notion of mesh saliency and fuzzy nearness.

从模糊贴近度的角度，结合网格显著度概念，给出了一种新的视点质量计算方法。

To the problems of ascertaining nonmembership functions of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Set,a technique for ascertaining nonmembership functions based on contrast average-fixing method is proposed,whose arithmetics and steps are presented in detail with the demonstration of rightness in theory.

针对直觉模糊集非隶属度函数难以确定的问题，提出一种基于对比平均法的IFS非隶属度函数确定方法，给出了详细的算法步骤，并从理论上证明了其正确性。

Using fuzzy roughness and local operator to update the membership function of FCM algorithm.

使用局部模糊粗糙度和待定算子来更新FCM算法中的隶属度函数。

In view of those, the degree of membership of field measuring data to regression line is proposed in this dissertation. Furthermore, the linear regression modal with fuzzy weight is developed.

有鉴于此，提出了实测数据对回归直线的隶属度的计算公式，在此基础上，建立了以该隶属度为权重的模糊加权线性回归模型。

In practice, some teachers and school staff have little knowledge of theory and practice of English language testing and thus are unable to ensure test reliability and validity.

实践中，由于教师和教学管理人员在语言测试方面存在的模糊认识，往往使测试的信度和效度得不到应有的保证，从而使测试不能全面反映教学情况。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。