模拟试验

Therefore, the genetic algorithm with the assimilation of GPS precipitable water data are performed to simulate the heavy rain process, and to carry out comparision experiment of adjoint 4DVAR model.

因此，采用遗传算法同化系统研究了GPS可降水量资料在暴雨模拟中的作用，并做了与伴随同化系统的对比试验。

The factors affecting the press fit load and the connection strength were numerically simulated.

介绍了中空装配式凸轮轴的技术优势以及滚花连接的连接机理，采用数值模拟的方法分析了影响滚花连接压装力和连接强度的各种因素，并进行了滚花连接压装试验。

The factors influencing on press fit load in assembly were analyzed by the FEM numerical simulation,and the press fit load ,static torque and fatigue torsional strength were experimentally verified.

本文阐述了装配式凸轮轴的技术优势，介绍了装配式凸轮轴的滚花连接机理，采用数值模拟的方法对影响滚花连接压装力的各种因素进行了分析，并完成滚花连接压装实验、静扭强度和疲劳强度试验。

The knurling connection mechanism of the hollow assembled camshaft was presented,the FEM numerical simulation was used to analyze the factors influencing the knurling connection press fit load and the press fit tests of knurling connection was performed.

介绍了中空装配式凸轮轴的滚花连接机理，采用有限元数值模拟分析了滚花连接压装力的影响因素，并进行了凸轮和轴体的压装试验。

The modelling of models is employed for comparing the rigid joint with soft joint. And the law of reducing pressure of soft joint has been investigated.

并且采用模型的模拟方法，进行了刚性接头与软接头的对比试验研究，探讨了软接头的减载规律。

The soil static and dynamic universal triaxial and torsional shear apparatus which can simulate the cyclic stress characteristic of sand on seabed is used to perform experimental tests of loose carbonate sand s with a relative density of 30% subjected to vertical-and-torsional coupling cyclic shear with the rotation of principal stress axes induced by ocean wave.

利用土工静力-动力液压三轴-扭剪多功能剪切仪模拟海洋波浪的加载形式，对相对密度为30%的钙质砂进行了扭转和竖向耦合循环剪切试验，着重研究了复杂应力状态下初始主应力方向角α0和中主应力系数b对钙质砂动强度特性的影响。

Vesic's solutions to cavity expansion that include cylindrical cavity expansion and spherical cavity expansion are introduced. Then cylindrical cavity expansion theory is applied to study compaction effect of pile driving in saturated soil. Based on the results of conventional triaxial tests, a trilinear curve model is used to simulate stress-strain curve of strain-softening materials. Meanwhile, trilinear curves are also used to simulate curves of volumetric strain, minor principal strain and major principal strain. By using elasto-plastic theory, analytical solutions to cylindrical cavity expansion in strain-softening soil are presented. According to the mechanism of statically pressed pile driving, compaction effect of pile tip can be viewed as hemispheric cavity expansion. Therefore spherical cavity expansion theory is applied to obtain the solutions to stress, strain, displacement fields and final pressure. Resistance force of pile tip is calculated to estimate static pressure.

介绍了Vesic关于圆孔扩张问题的解答，其中包括柱形孔扩张问题和球形孔扩张问题，并应用柱形孔扩张理论分析了饱和软土中的沉桩挤土效应问题；在常规三轴试验成果的基础上，采用三折线模型模拟具有应变软化性质的岩土材料的应力应变关系曲线，分析了在应变软化土体中沉桩时桩周土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，得到了解析解答；分析了静压桩的沉桩机理，并利用球形孔扩张理论，视桩端处的挤土为半个球形孔的扩张，分析了桩端处土的位移场、应力场和应变场的变化，并根据最终扩张压力计算出沉桩时的桩端阻力，可作为压桩力的估算。

In light of the problem of describing nonlinear rheology of rock and soil with principle of linear superposition, a neural network model for rheology of rock and soil under step loading has been established with artificial neural network instead of traditional mathematical and mechanical methods.

针对分级加载下用线性叠加原理来描述岩土非线性流变存在的问题，采用人工神经网络方法代替传统数学力学方法，建立了分级加载下岩土流变的神经网络模型，并且对具体岩石的蠕变试验曲线进行了模拟。

The fruits of research in the thesis as follow:(1) The principle of variation of earth pressures on the culverts beneath the high fills are investigated in the thesis.

论文通过模型试验和数值模拟计算，研究了狭窄沟谷地形、宽坦沟谷地形、岸坡设涵和坡脚设涵四种边界条件下的高填方涵洞土压力随填土高度变化的规律，研究结果表明，在各种边界条件下，高填方涵洞涵顶土压力变化规律相似，当填土达到一定高度后，仍有部分土压力传递到涵顶上，使高填方涵洞的土压力不随填土高度成线性增加，土压力呈非线性变化，高填方涵洞的土压力明显低于理论土压力σ=γH计算值。

The test results show the principle of variation of pressures on culverts beneath high fill is similar, it is that, even if the embankment is filled up to a higher height, the earth pressures can still partly transfer to the top of culvert, as a result the pressures on the culvert increase nonlinearly with the variation of height of fill and further the pressures are obviously lower than theoretical value by σ=γH.

模型试验和数值模拟计算结果表明，当填土达到一定高度后，高填方涵洞上方将产生明显的拱效应，但由于涵洞填土为破碎的岩土，其拱效应与岩石中开挖洞室上方的拱效应不同，高填方涵洞上方填土产生的"土拱"效应具有不稳定的特点，表现为随着填土高度的增加仍有部分土压力传递到涵洞上，涵顶土压力随填土高度成非线性增加。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。