模拟试验

After the airdrop experiments of the system of the projectile and speed-down parachute, the balance velocity obtained from the optics apparatus on the ground、the balance spinning speed obtained from the gyroscope on the projectile and the image obtained from the infrared detector on the projectile are all used to simulate the six-dimension exterior trajectory of the projectile and identify the roll damping moment derivatives, and the identification can safely come to a conclusion that the absolute value of roll damping moment derivatives from the engineering calculation are on the low side.

对卷弧尾翼弹与减速伞系统进行空投试验，由地面光测系统给出平衡落速、弹上陀螺给出平衡转速、弹上红外探测器拍摄地面图像判断弹的姿态。通过六自由度弹道模拟，对弹滚转阻尼导数进行参数辨识，得到工程估算所得滚转阻尼导数绝对值偏小的结论。 5。对空投试验中出现弹姿态摆动现象，从受力分析及红外图像分析两个方面进行探讨，给出合理解释，并根据分析对弹外形进行修改，在后来的试验中收到很好的效果。

By compared data, we learned that the complex model imitates close to experiment results, and the shear strength by simplified model of finite element analysis is quite closer with test results.Through the test results and finite element analysis, we can draw a conclusion that the wall we tested can satisfy engineering application.

笔者将有限元分析结果与试验结果进行了对比分析：考虑细节的复杂有限元分析模型的模拟结果在一定范围内较接近试验结果，采用有限元分析简化模型计算得到的墙体试件抗剪强度和试验结果更为接近。

The modal tests of PCB and PCB assembly (free boundary condition and fixed boundary condition) were carried out. The equivalent elastic modulus and damping parameters of PCB can be gained, and the fixed boundary condition of finite element model was also determined. These will help to the following work.Second, drop impact tests of three different heights were carried out. Strains and acceleration responses of PCB were measured. Failed BGA packages of different test conditions were dyeing, and cross section analysis of failed solder joints was conducted.

针对JEDEC标准试件的局限性，提出了设计便于统计学研究焊点可靠性的试验试件的构想，利用有限元模态分析方法确定并验证了用圆形PCB组件替代JEDEC标准试件的可行性；通过一系列模态试验和有限元模态分析，确定了圆形PCB组件的相关试验参数，这不仅为跌落碰撞下PCB组件有限元模拟确定了较为合理准确的有限元模型，而且为正确地评价跌落碰撞下PCB组件的可靠性问题奠定了基础。2。

For landfill of Jinqianpu, if peripheral zone of yard is consisted of mild clay the longest transportation distances of CODcr and NH4+ are 56.5m and 25.75m respectively in the time limit of landfill stabilization;(5)The optimal dilution ratio of groundwater runoff volume and leachate is 7:1 to meet more over Ⅲ groundwater quality standard(GB/T14848-93);(6)To build numerical model. Using CL- as a simulation factor, the expansion with time of pollution plume was simulatively calculated when the concentration of CL- is 5000mg/L and 2000mg/L in Jinqianpu landfill by means of internationally general simulating software FEFLOW.

就金钱堡填埋场而言，若场地周围为试验亚粘土层，则在填埋场稳定化年限内和的最大迁移距离分别为56.5m和25.75m；（5）垃圾渗滤液与地下水混合稀释后地下水能够达到III类水质标准以上的混合比为地下水径流量与垃圾渗滤液入渗量之比为7：1；（6）建立污染质运移的数值模型，以为模拟因子，利用国际上通用的模拟软件FEFLOW模拟计算了金钱堡垃圾填埋场中浓度分别为5000mg/L和2000mg/L时在一系列年份对地下水污染晕的扩展。

The model is proved by the numerical simulation of three engineering cases. The SMA superelastic damper of tension-pressure type is introduced. The design and the working principle of the damper are outlined.

采用本文的形状记忆合金一维超弹性本构关系模型对工程算例进行了数值模拟，试验和数值模拟结果表明，本文的形状记忆合金超弹性一维本构关系模型，能够比较真实地模拟NiTi形状记忆合金在温度和应力作用下的受力性能，并且形式简单，计算方便，可满足工程应用要求。

The numerical model is capable of handling both subcritical, supercritical and transcritical flow, free surface and surcharged flow.

为了验证所建立的数学模型的可行性，本文计算了多个具有解析解或试验结果的算例，并对利用不同计算参数获得的计算结果进行了分析比较，结果表明：明满流模拟中，采用较小的狭缝宽度和较小的空间步长能够提高解的精度；跨临界流模拟中，采用删减对流项法模拟急流需要补充自由出流水位流量关系作为下游边界条件等。

Springback character of rubber forming was studied by numerical method and springback compensation of rib flanging was analyzed.

基于数值模拟方法模拟了橡皮成形过程的回弹规律，对翼肋零件的翻边回弹进行了数值模拟，并通过试验进行了比较。

The outputs of ZELIG model was used to 1evaluate the environmentalfactors which influence the growth of tree species of broad leaf korean pine forestin Changbai mountain;2simulate the dynamics of main types of forest in broad leafkorean pine forest zone and 3simulate the effect of selective cutting experiment onbroad leaf korean pine forest.

本文以森林Gap模型的理论为基础，通过大量的外业调查，建立了长白山阔叶红松林的ZELIG模型，并根据ZELIG模型的模拟结果对长白山阔叶红松林带的树木生长的环境因子进行了评价，同时对阔叶红松林带内的几种主要的森林类型进行了动态模拟，最后运用ZELIG模拟了阔叶红松林的择伐试验。

Secondly, conception of vortex board was introduced, the numerical simulation was implemented on vortex tube, numerical simulation method was verified of valid by compared with experiment results.

其次，引入涡流板概念，对涡流管进行数值模拟，对比数值模拟和试验结果，验证了数值模拟方法的可靠性。

In studies of interaction among pile, platform that above it and surrounding soil, this paper employ the concept of plate element to simulate the loading character of platform, and employ the concept of solid element to simulate the character of pile and soil, using the finite element method after understanding the geometry properties of pile, soil and the platform. Analyzing the loading properties of the three entities above and their deformation, this paper also employ a special element, Penalty Element. The introduction of penalty element of this kind has served to guarantee the join harmony of displacement between solid element and plate element, thereby effectively resolving the join problem between platforms, pile that support it and surrounding soil.Considering significant property difference between pile material and its surrounding soil, there may be much shear stress on their contact interface produced under vertical load, thus causing displacement or fission. Therefore it is necessary to adopt one special constitutive law of this kind of contact interface, which can reflect its feature of loading and deformation thoroughly. On the basis of the deformation feature and constitutive laws of some contact interface obtained by Zhang Dongji and people concerned through some single-shear experiments on contact interface between structure and soil, this paper employ one pile-soil three-dimensional constant thickness contact interface model to simulate the " slide" taken place on the interface between pile and its surrounding soil. With this kind model, this paper has also created one finite element model, which can be applied to perform finite element calculation and analyze the pile-loading feature, and deduced its element stiffness matrix.

在承台-桩-土共同作用中，考虑桩与承台的几何特性，采用有限元方法，用实体单元模拟桩土，用板单元模拟承台，更具体地分析桩和承台的受力特性和变形，而且还采用罚单元—既实体单元与板单元之间连接必须满足变形协调条件，来有效地解决了承台与桩土的连接问题，且在桩土共同作用中，由于桩体结构的材料性能与周围土层性质相差较大，在竖向荷载下有可能在其接触面上产生较大的剪应力从而导致错动或开裂，因此，为了充分反映桩土接触面上的受力及变形特征，应采用一种桩土接触面特有的本构关系，即利用张冬霁等人关于结构与土体接触面单剪试验所得到的接触面变形特征及其本构关系，引入桩-土三维等厚度接触单元来模拟桩与桩侧土之间的&滑移&，在此基础上建立可用于桩基承载性状分析的有限元计算单元模型，并推导出了各单元的刚度矩阵。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。