模拟

"ERP Integrated Training Enterprise Information sand table" based on "ERP sandbox simulation" course simulation business, to simulate a company's business activities, the experimental data, accounting and business management in accordance with the basic requirements of design information-based solutions, in line with "ERP sand table simulation" course in contrast to the manual mode of operation, so that students deal with personal feelings manual and computer processing set up between the posts, business processes, work efficiency differences, a deep understanding of the necessity and advantages of information technology.

ERP沙盘企业信息化综合实训》基于《ERP沙盘模拟》课程中的模拟企业，以模拟企业的业务活动为实验资料，按照会计核算与企业管理的基本要求，设计信息化解决方案，以与《ERP沙盘模拟》课程的手工操作方式形成对比，使学生切身感受手工处理和计算机处理之间在岗位设置、业务流程、工作效率等方面的差异，深刻理解信息化的必要性及优越性。

People pay more attention to the simulation of water wave.

1引言近年来，自然景物的模拟一直是计算机图形学最具挑战的问题之一，关于山、水等自然景物的模拟，在计算机游戏、影视、广告各领域中有着广泛的用途，作为自然景物模拟的重要内容，对水流、水波的模拟正日益引起人们的关注。

Software, and simulated by Monte Carlo method. The simulation results are conducted by descriptive statistics. Two "drop-in" assembly design lens groups were studied to calculate the stack-up element tilt and decenter within a cell and the resultant deviations of the optical axes away from the mechanical datum axis. The results indicate that the opto-mechanical tolerance model can analyze the critical to quality parameters of a lens system. As a result, the performance of the lens system can be anticipated by the opto-mechanical tolerance model before mass production.

戊n体编辑，并以蒙地卡罗方法模拟，模拟结果以叙述统计呈现；最后以两个&投入式&组立设计的镜群组为案例，计算镜片在镜筒内的累积偏心角度公差、偏心距离公差及镜片光学轴的累计偏移量，其结果显示该模型可模拟一个镜头系统的关键品质参数；所以，镜头系统的性能在大量生产之前可藉本光机公差模拟模型预测其品质与良率。

When analyzing wrinkling and fracture, it is found that the results of the simulation have a better consistency with the results of simulation using real drawhead than using equivalent drawbead of Dynaform. Furthermore, compared with simulation using real drawbead, simulation using equivalent drawbead spends less time on both computation and modeling.

在模拟软件Dynaform中，将建立的拉延筋阻力计算模型作为等效拉延筋使用，模拟分析了表盘座某部件的成形，在分析起皱、破裂等成形问题时，比使用Dynaform自带等效拉延筋更接近使用真实拉延筋模拟的结果，而且，比使用真实拉延筋模拟节省了计算时间及建模时间。

By measuring pressure induced by dynamiting which located various positions of the circular shell, the localizational effect of impact force on the circular shell is disclosed. Also, PVDF piezofilms are used to determine accurate time while projectile contacting target, accurate time while two interfaces of the target contacting at a initial distance of 5, and the contacting pressure between the two interfaces when the projectile is in 500m/s to lOOOm/s.

通过对化爆模拟加载试验中柱壳不同角度压力的监测，揭示了化爆模拟产生的压力局域化效应，为进一步模拟设计提出研究的方向；采用PVDF压电薄膜来监测弹靶碰撞的时刻、细小间隙的闭合时间以及由此产生的压力变化，通过对PVDF压力计测试结果分析以及和数值模拟结果的比较，获得规律性的认识，为进一步的应用提供了技术支持。

Based on analysis of the current state of the flow pattern modeling abroad and at home, explains the meaning of the mathematical simulation of the flows in the valve.(2) Comparing flow simulation data of jet pump with its experimental one, the feasibility and reliability of FLUENT used for flow simulation are proved.(3) Based on the characteristic of valves, the fluid field analysis of specific ring-spray type flow-adjustable is finished. The valve structure is optimized to meet the need, which makes it have such advantages:(1)smaller vortex area and faintish vortex intensity, so the vibration of vortex is controlled effectively;(2)the pressure is distributed more equality, the transition area is larger.

论文的主要内容包括：(1)简述了阀门研究的现状与发展，在分析与总结国内外流体流动模拟研究的基础上，探讨开展阀门内水流运动数值模拟的意义；(2)对特定型号的射流泵进行了内部流场的数值模拟研究，并与实验数据相比较，验证了应用Fluent进行数值模拟的可行性和可靠性；(3)针对调流阀的特点，对特大口径环喷式流量调节阀进行流场计算，其设计指导思想如下： 1、控制旋涡，减小旋涡区，减小涡的强度； 2、控制压力分布，使阀体受力更均匀，改善局部应力状态，提高阀门使用的安全性； 3、最小绝对压力高于水的汽化压力，不产生汽蚀。

The result is that NE(42°) is the main direction in neotectonic stress field of Three Gorges region. A geomorphy evolution modeling of Three Gorges area is set up by using DEM method and GIS technology. Process simulation of Three Gorges region geomorphy evolution during 500,000 years is carried out.

在模拟地貌演化过程中，本文建立了内营力起主要作用的地貌演化模型，提出了基于DEM进行地貌演化模拟方法，编制了地貌演化模拟程序，并对50万年以来，三峡地区地貌演化过程进行了模拟。

Clinical requirement in dental simulation is firstly analyzed and performance goal of haptic display is proposed. Based on characteristics of human haptics, software system of surgery simulation and force rendering is developed and prototype of surgery simulation system is established using Phantom desktop. Dental exploration and cutting operation in cavity preparation are simulated with haptic and graphical display capabilities.

全文首先通过分析牙科手术模拟的临床需求，提出了力觉显示手术仿真系统的模拟指标；针对操作者触觉生理学特点，基于力觉交互设备Phantom desktop，开发了手术仿真和力觉渲染软件，建立了手术模拟原型试验系统；以牙面探查和牙体预备中的切削操作作为研究对象，实现了力觉和图形集成显示的手术操作过程模拟。

Innervational system is an important part of the new fashioned simulation driving training system.

动感系统是新型车辆模拟驾驶训练系统的重要组成部分，它可以增强模拟驾驶训练的真实感，这是新型车辆模拟驾驶训练系统区别于现有车辆模拟驾驶训练系统的独特之处。

Based on the results of the large-size shaking table test of a subway station structure built in liquable site,considering the influence of the soil-structure nonlinear dynamic interaction by 2D finite element methods,the seismic responses of the soil- subway station structure system under different test conditions are analyzed by using ABAQUS software.

根据可液化土层上土-地铁车站结构动力相互作用大型振动台模型试验结果，以软件ABAQUS为平台，将地基土-地铁车站结构体系视为平面应变问题，采用记忆型嵌套面黏塑性动力本构模型模拟土体的动力特性，采用混凝土动塑性损伤模型模拟车站结构混凝土的动力特性，建立了土-地铁车站结构非线性动力相互作用的有限元分析模型，对各种试验工况下地基土-地铁车站结构体系的地震反应进行了数值模拟，并与试验结果进行了对比，结果表明：数值模拟与振动台模型试验结果基本一致，体现出了相似的规律性，相互印证了计算分析的力学建模和振动台试验结果的正确性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。