模型

The results of analysis show that the shock detached distance computed by two temperature model or three temperature compare well with the experiment data, and the heat transfer rate is highest for one temperature model with non-catalytic wall, and lowest for equilibrium gas model, and the heat transfer rate for perfect gas model is between the non-catalytic wall and fully catalytic wall .

结果表明：采用两温度非平衡气体模型计算的激波脱体距离更接近实验情况；采用平衡气体模型计算的壁面热流最高，一温度非平衡气体模型完全非催化的壁面热流最低，而完全气体模型的壁面热流在两者之间。

However, it can only implement the limited operation to the spatial objects, cannot carry on transformation, index, interlink age and excavation to the spatial data, and hard integrate other information with combining map variable to set up and analysis new variable. Meanwhile, relational model in the traditional DBMS and the object- oriented modeling do not completely suit the spatial application domain. The relational model can handle topological relation well, but shows inabilities to that complicated level crossing the spatial region. Object-oriented model using software method based on the principle of the customer defined data type supports the abstract data type, especially spatial abstract data type, and possesses polymorphism and inheritances, and it can deal with topological and the layer relation, but hardly processes important continuous phenomenon in space.

GIS是当今操作有关空间信息的成熟工具和技术，但其只能对空间对象进行有限的操作，不能对空间数据进行变换、索引、链接和挖掘，难以集成其他信息来构建和分析新变量；而传统数据库管理模型中的关系模型和面向对象建模也不完全适合空间应用这一领域，关系模型能够较好地处理拓扑关系，但对表示横跨空间区域的复杂层次却无能为力；面向对象模型的软件方法支持抽象数据类型，特别是空间抽象数据类型，具有继承性和多态性，能够处理拓扑和层次关系，但难以处理空间中重要的连续性现象。

From the curve, we linearised the CCS nonlinear model and constructed the T-S fuzzy model of the unit by linking together the linear models of the unit with membership functions. A kind of fuzzy supervisory control system in which using the multi-variable inner model controller or robust controller as its local controller and T-S fuzzy model as the inner model of the supervisory controller has been proposed.

本文的研究内容集中在如下几个方面：根据非线性系统平衡流型和非线性测度的定义，提出了关于平衡流型参数的相对非线性测度的概念，据此绘出了一个具体单元机组机炉协调控制系统模型的相对非线性测度曲线，对此协调控制系统非线性模型进行了线性化，并用隶属度加权的方法将各线性化模型连接成协调控制系统T-S模糊模型。

Our study addresses the following topics:A conception of relative nonlinear measure on the equilibrium manifold parameter has been derived based on the definitions of equilibrium manifold and nonlinear measure about nonlinear system.And the nonlinear measure curve of a material boiler-turbine CCS model has been drawn.From the curve, we linearised the CCS nonlinear model and constructed the T-S fuzzy model of the unit by linking together the linear models of the unit with membership functions.

本文的研究内容集中在如下几个方面：根据非线性系统平衡流型和非线性测度的定义，提出了关于平衡流型参数的相对非线性测度的概念，据此绘出了一个具体单元机组机炉协调控制系统模型的相对非线性测度曲线，对此协调控制系统非线性模型进行了线性化，并用隶属度加权的方法将各线性化模型连接成协调控制系统T-S模糊模型。

Firstly, on the basis of defining the characteristics of project and reviewing the mathematical models for RCPSP, we constructed the mathematical model for RCPSP under the condition that there is non-fixed duration and splittable tasks in project; In order to solve above model, we emphatically discussed the basic principle of the swarm intelligence algorithm--the particle swarm optimization algorithm as well as improvement research for current algorithm, and then proposed a new improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and analyzed its application process in the resource-constrained project scheduling problem; Lastly, in order to confirm the validity of the model and the algorithm, we took an experiment based on 108 instances that produced by problem instance generator which was developed by our team.

首先，在对RCPSP项目特征进行界定以及对项目进度优化模型回顾的基础之上，构建了基于活动工期不固定、任务可拆分特征的RCPSP的数学模型；为了求解上述模型，本文详细阐述粒子群优化算法(Particle Swarm Optimization，PSO)的基本原理以及当前对其改进的研究成果，提出了一种新的改进PSO算法，并对其在RCPSP的应用过程进行了设计；最后，为了检验模型的有效性及算法的优越性，基于梯队内部开发的案例生成器生成的108个算例，进行了仿真试验。

FLASOC uses model information alignments to realize the management of simulation models and make the simulation systems be tailorable.

FLASOC将虚拟实体的认知功能划分为基本功能和组织协同行为决策功能，实现了实体模型和组织协同行为模型的融合，使用模型信息队列实现了组织协同行为仿真系统中各类模型的信息管理和对仿真应用的灵活定制，可实现基于面向服务的架构SOA的仿真资源共享。

In this paper, the mechanisms of the generation, migration and production for coal seam gas are researched and the geological model for coal seam gas reservoir simulation is presented, according to the theories and methods of coal seam gas geology, petroleum geology and dynamic of fluids through porous media. A three-dimensional, dual-porosity, two-phase, pseudo-steady, non-equilibrium sorption mathematical model is established with the help of petroleum reservoir numerical simulation method. After that, this complex mathematical mode is approximated and solved by finite-difference and fully implicit methods. Coal Seam Gas Reservoir Simulation software in 1. 0 version (CSGRS 1. 0) with Chinese interface of pre-and post-processing function is developed.

本文应用煤层气地质学、石油天然气地质学和渗流力学等学科的理论和方法，研究了煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，建立了描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气-水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；详细推导出了该数学模型的全隐式求解方法；并借助计算机技术开发了具有中文操作界面的煤层气储层数值模拟软件CSGRS 1.0，实现了这一复杂数学模型的数值求解。

In the second part of this thesis, the physical model, which used to describe the evolution of highly charged ions in the EBIT and provided by Penetrate, are discussed in detail. Based on this model, we have some modifications. The modified physical model takes the effect of the geometry of drift tube, the cumulation of space charge, and ionization heating into account.

在论文第二部分，我们详细讨论了Penetrate所提出的用来描述高价态离子在电子束离子阱中演化的物理模型，并在Penetrate所提出的物理模型基础上做了部分修正，修正后的物理模型考虑了漂移管的几何位形、电离加热以及电子束的空间电荷累积的影响，利用修正后的物理模型，对高价态离子在EBIT中演化过程进行详细地数值模拟。

In the second part of this thesis, the physical model, which used to describe the evolution of highly charged ions in the EBIT and provided by Penetrate, are discussed in detail. Based on this model, we have some modifications. The modified physical model takes the effect of the geometry of drift tube, the cumulation of space charge, and ionization heating into account.

在论文第二部分，我们详细讨论了Penetrate所提出的用来描述高价态离子在电子束离子阱中演化的物理模型，并在Penetrate所提出的物理模型基础上做了部分修正，修正后的物理模型考虑了漂移管的几何位形、电离加热以及电子束的空间电荷累积的影直流电弧等离子体发生器的数值模拟及电子束离子阱物理研究响，利用修正后的物理模型，对高价态离子在EBI下中演化过程进行详细地数值模拟。

Primary innovative work in this paper can be summarized as follows: 1 Based on the Workflow Management System reference model and Workflow Management System frame presented by Wil Va Der Aalst, Wei-kuang Huang ect, we construct a secure Workflow Management System frame with secure characteristic.

2针对基于任务过程模型的不足，分析了基于角色的过程模型，在对象Petri网过程模型中加入角色的概念，构建了一个基于角色的对象Petri网工作流模型。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。