模型

The system of Chinese Prepositional Phrase Identification in this thesis adopts a statistical model based Maximum Entropy.

本文实现介词短语识别的系统是基于最大熵的统计模型，最大熵模型具有简洁、通用和可移植等特点，能够灵活地选取特征，同时可以把计算模型和语言模型作为独立地模块处理，而不必关心语言内部的细节。

The friction, friction coefficient etc of prescind from external asperity model and the single asperity model in plasticity forming were respectively researched by using finite element analysis software ADINA and Coulomb friction model and nonlocal friction model.

应用大型有限元软件ADINA，采用库仑摩擦模型和非局部摩擦模型，对不考虑表面微凸的模型和单个微凸体模型在塑性成形中的摩擦力、摩擦系数等进行研究。

This model is a variant of Kydland and Prescott(1982),and it is quite similar toHansen(1985)and Prescott(1986a).

最后讨论了真实经济周期模型的基本特点，并与货币主义模型、早期的新古典宏观经济模型、新凯恩斯主义模型等进行比较。

First, we accomplished the mathematical model and suitable finite elements of grid notes of the pressure hull, including the model without aperture and model with apertures and other added equipments.

首先，本文完成了德国U209型潜舰压力壳(含未开孔模型与开孔模型)之数值模型与网格，并以此模型测试使用不同尺寸的内肋骨补强下，外壳所承受的应力与变形、挫曲强度的不同，藉此推测该设计条件下，最佳的结构设计。

Some models in this thesis are firstly used for the microcomputer safety analysis code on nuclear reactor systems and are the poineer and advanced works in China, such as the perfect main pump four-quadrant representation model; the reactor power control model; the water level control model of steam generator and pressurizer; the passive emergency core decay heat-removed system model etc..

这里的许多模型，如完善的主泵四象限特性模型、堆功率、蒸汽发生器水位和稳压器水位等的调节模型、非能动余热排出系统模型等都是本文在国内首次应用于微机型核动力系统安全分析程序中的，或是在国内同类研究中处于领先的。

Consideration on the basic value of corporation, market value and behavioral value integrally, it chooses indexes, filter indexes with principal component method, distills principal factors, builds up pricing model under seeking system, and checks up the application effect of model, so that it proves that pricing model importing the behavioral factors is more availability than the models before.

在综合考虑公司基本价值、宏观市场价值、心理行为价值三方面因素的基础上，选取指标，运用主成分分析法筛选指标，提取主成分因子，建立了询价制度下的新股定价模型，并对模型的应用效果进行了检验，证实了引入心理因素的定价模型要比以往的定价模型更有效。

It's pointed out that soft sensor will play more important role in field bus network control system. According to this, a crude solution was addressed. At last, we point out that soft sensor technology must used to build an information warehouse for the whole enterprise, combined with data fusion, data warehouse, data rectification and other related technologies. The main contributions of this dissertation are as follows: The background, requirement, and application situation of soft sensors are expounded, the theories, methods and skills of soft sensing technology are analyzed, and the fruits and problems in current soft sensor technologies are summarized. Some new methods of soft sensor is proposed: A principal component analysis-based secondary variable selection method are proposed; A new conception which modeling data should have gross error detection is addressed, and then a cluster analysis-based modeling data gross error detection method is given.

本文的主要贡献有：对软测量技术根据实践的要求进行了一定的理论研究，针对具体问题提出了新的方法：讨论了辅助变量选择问题，研究了基于主元分析的辅助变量选择方法，该方法克服了传统方法只能利用数学模型产生的仿真数据进行最优辅助变量选择的缺点，可以根据历史数据进行辅助变量选择；提出了建模数据显著误差侦破的概念，指出传统的显著误差侦破研究的是已知过程数学模型的情况，而建模时数学模型是未知的，但是直接来自现场的数据并不能保证不含显著误差，并用基于聚类分析的方法解决了该问题，该方法利用聚类分析原理，直接面对过程数据，不需以过程模型为基础，在此基础上给出了软测量建模过程中样本数据的处理方法。

Firstly the damage probability model of field command post under the enemy′s aviation force formation adopting bombs and precision guided weapon was researched.Then the damage probability model after adopting camouflage and maneuver was discussed.Finally using this model,the variation law of field command post′s damage probability was calculated and the rationality of the model was verified,and the quantitative reference for commander planning camouflage reasonablely with timely maneuver was provided.

对在敌航空兵编队采用普通炸弹轰炸和精确制导武器攻击两种模式下，研究了我野战指挥所被毁伤的概率模型，并探讨了我野战指挥所采取伪装和机动措施后被毁伤概率的模型，最后利用模型分析计算了在采取伪装和机动措施情况下，我野战指挥所被毁伤的概率的变化规律，得到了比较合理、可靠的数据，验证了该模型的合理性，也为指挥员合理规划伪装和适时机动提供了数量依据。

The results indicated:（1）the combination of the Markov and spatial logistic models can improve the predictability of each model individually. In macroscopic scale, the total land use amount can be predicted via Markov chain; in microscopic scale, the multi-class multinomial logistic model can be used to implement the combined calculations of categorical variable and continuous variable, qualitative variable and quantitative variable to improve the precision of spatial regression. Meanwhile, the transition probability of each land use unit will be confirmed and the prediction of land use spatial distribution will also be completed.（2）the application system developed in accordance with the integrated model can effectively simulate and predict the land use evolution in Shenzhen City, and the prediction precision of verification system will suffice for recent land use monitoring and the making of annual land supply planning.

研究结果：（1）空间Logistic和Markov模型集成可提升单一模型的应用能力，宏观上利用Markov Chain进行土地利用规模总量预测，微观上利用多分类Multinomial Logistic模型解决分类变量与连续变量，定性变量和定量变量的联合解算提高空间回归精度，同时可以确定每一个土地利用单元转移概率，实现土地利用空间分布的预测；（2）基于集成模型开发出的应用系统能够有效仿真和预测深圳市土地利用演化，通过验证系统预测精度能够满足近期土地利用预警和年度土地供应计划编制。

Secondly, the sinusoidal model, which is the speech production model used in STC, and its simplified model, harmonic sinusoidal model, are depicted in this thesis. Then, the key techniques, including pitch detection, magnitude model presentation, phase model presentation, voice probability analysis, vector quantization and speech synthesis, are discussed.

然后，本文对STC的语音产生模型——正弦模型与谐波正弦模型进行了系统阐述，并对低码率STC的关键技术，包括基音检测、幅度和相位参数的模型表示、浊音度分析、矢量量化以及语音合成等进行了详细研究。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷