模型

The first kind is 0-equation model. It only includes mass and momentum conservation equations. Great progresses have been made in improving this model. It has successfully been applied to many natural rivers with complicated boundary geometry. The second kind is κ-ε model. The κ equation and ε equation are needed, besides mass and momentum conservation equations. Many researchers have studied the depth-averaged mathematical models of turbulence in recent years. However, the models were used mostly in regular artificial canals or natural water areas with simple boundaries.

对于宽浅型河流，采用深度平均法进行流场计算时，用得较多的有两类模型：一类是不增加任何脉动量的偏微分方程的模型，这类模型已在适体坐标下运用得较多且较成功；另一类是κ-ε二方程模型，它是近几十年来广泛应用的一类湍流模型，并发展了许多具体的形式，但大多数只对顺直河道进行了研究，对弯曲较大的河道研究不多，本文运用适体坐标，采用正交交错网格及非正交交错网格，把此模型运用到了弯曲较大的河段及具有汇流的河段，取得了较大的成功。

First of all, the valuation errors in TXO of the BS-IV model are the smallest among all volatility models. In the whole, the BS-IVmodel underprices the market value, BS-HV, BS-EV（EGARCH（1,1））and Ad hoc BS model overprice the market value respectively. Next, there exist the linear relationships between the valuation errors and moneyness in TXO mostly. At last, in view of hedging errors, the other thing being equal, the shorter is the maturity, the smaller is the hedging error.

本文的实证发现，在评价误差方面，整体而言，隐含波动性模型对买权及卖权的评价误差最小，隐含波动性模型之理论价格低估了市场价格；而历史波动性模型、EGARCH（1，1）模型及平滑后的历史波动性模型之理论价格则大多高估了市场价格；接著，在评价误差与金融特性关系方面，各波动性模型之评价误差与价内价外程度、股价指数报酬率、股价指数波动性、距到期日及无风险利率等因素，大多具有显著的线性关系。

The model of launch vehicle is rigidˉbody motion equati on. The model of stabilizing parachute is mass point motion equation.

其中运载火箭的数学模型是刚体运动模型，稳定伞的模型是质点模型，而伞绳的模型是弹簧阻尼系统模型。

Further more, based on the analysis of Bayesian AR model and MA model , we analyzed the Bayesian ARMA model and its mathematical structure. Mainly analyzed the Bayesian ARMA(1,1) model, and constructed the model condition likelihood function and the parameters posterior distribution.

同时，以时间序列AR模型及MA模型的贝叶斯分析为基础进行了时间序列ARMA模型的贝叶斯分析，从分析ARMA模型的数学结构开始，重点进行了ARMA(1，1)模型的贝叶斯分析；构建了模型的条件似然函数和参数的先验分布，推导其参数的条件后验密度和边缘后验密度；并借用一组SAS软件模拟的ARMA(1，1)序列，通过WinBUGS进行仿真分析。

Furthermore, how to apply the model efficiently in practice is deeply discussed. As the variance produced by the forecasting model as concerned, the real-time revised method of hydrological forecasting is highlighted. Next arranged, the multi-stratum recursive prediction model is put forward to forecast the error series that is a dynamic system. Later, an error selfregressive multi-stratum recursive prediction model is set up as well as a current algorithm offered. Finally, the difference collated model and the gloss control method, which are devoted to updating the mid-long term hydrological forecasting during the meditate period, are put forward.

在综合评述中长期水文预报现有方法和模型的基础上，采用时间序列分析方法，建立中长期水文预报的时间序列组合模型，并对模型如何在实际中有效应用作了较为深入的探讨；针对模型预报所产生的误差，又重点研究了水文预报实时修正方法：提出了采用多层递阶预报方法对误差序列这一动态系统进行预报，建立了误差自回归多层递阶预报模型，并提出了较为通用的解算方法；给出了水文中长期预报中期修正的残差相关模型和总量控制方法。

Be in what just end " congress of 2007 China Internet " on, admiral station business leads the alliance of urban electron business affairs that the Web3.0 technology that is based on an industry to precede makes net (Www.30618.com) reshipment is attended, drew the look of the personage inside large quantities of course of study.

你会看到这个提示，那是因为你的系统无法识别某栏目的模型信息，或者你新建模型后，没为这个模型设计单独的模板。不同模型的文档浏览页的模板为：article_模型名字标识。htm （更多的信息你可以在频道模型管理的地方查看）。

In accordance with the needs of solving problems, mold experiments carried out are as follows:(1) Testing flexural normal stress, shearing stress and shearing force stagnant effect of molds of organic glass and load's lateral distribution coefficient of beam's ribs;(2) Testing rigid torsion and distortion effect of molds of organic glass;(3) Testing cap plates' vertical and lateral efficient load working breadth of molds of organic glass;(4) Testing lateral frame's bending moment of molds of organic glass within the range of their working breadth;(5) Experiment on respondency of dynamic force of molds of organic glass.

根据解决问题的需要，所作的模型试验有：⑴测试有机玻璃模型的弯曲正应力、剪应力、剪力滞效应和箱梁梁肋荷载横向分布系数；⑵测试有机玻璃模型的刚性扭转和畸变效应；⑶测试有机玻璃模型顶板纵向、横向荷载有效工作宽度；⑷测试有机玻璃模型载荷在工作宽度范围内的横向框架弯矩；⑸有机玻璃模型的动力响应试验。

We follow the idea of sequential estimation method of Palandri (2007) but simplify the specification to estimate the correlations with BEKK specification proposing the Sequential-BEKK model using multistep Maximum likelihood estimation procedures to estimate.

通过运用BEKK模型模拟的数据，本文比较发现，Sequential-BEKK模型在进行样本内预测相关系数矩阵时，表现优于BEKK系列模型和OGARCH模型，稍差于CCC和Dec模型，但是Sequential-BEKK能够比其他模型更好的刻画相关系数的动态过程。

UA of blood of group of model Ⅰ,Ⅱ is elevatory (P.01), and UA of serum of group of Ⅰ of model of; of above of tenability 48 H is in 6, 24, 36, 48 H all group of Ⅱ of prep above model, model Ⅱ group is in 24, 36, group of Ⅲ of model of 48 H prep above (value of UA of serum of group of Ⅲ of model of P.05,.01); is in after building a model 6, 12, 24, 36 H apparent prep above contrasts group (P.01), it is normal that 48 H restores to come.

模型Ⅰ、Ⅱ组血UA升高(P.01)，且可维持48 h以上；模型Ⅰ组血清UA在6、24、36、48 h均高于模型Ⅱ组，模型Ⅱ组在24、36、48 h高于模型Ⅲ组(P.05、。01)；模型Ⅲ组血清UA值在造模后6、12、24、36 h明显高于对照组(P.01)，48 h恢复至正常。

About the theory of the model errors, there are many theoretical problems to be solved, and many disscusional fields to be expanded and perfected.

但是测量平差中的模型误差的理论还有许多问题有待完善、扩展、深入，如函数模型可扩展到附有条件模型、概括函数模型、非线性模型；随机模型可扩展到相关、秩亏等情况；误差理论可扩展到线性近似误差。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。