概括地

In chapter 3, the potential analysis theory and methods were studied, the concept and calculating method of potential coefficient were put forward.

本论文研究内容和成果概括如下：在第一和第二章中，对经济增长和科技进步历史进行了简单回顾，同时系统地概述了现代经济增长理论中科技进步理论和模型以及科技进步测算研究的主要成果和研究方法。

In this topic, the dynamic analysis methods for piezoelectric vibrator are studied systematically based on the theoretical model, FEM numerical experimentation and FEM governing equation for given compound-mode vibrator, and some valuable conclusions are obtained. The main work accomplished is summarized as follows: 1.Elaborate the main modeling methods for piezoelectric vibrator and the significance and necessity to study the dynamic characteristics of piezoelectric vibrator which emphasize the urgency of this paper. 2.Take the bending deformation induced by piezoelectric ceramic as example, the energy transfer mechanism of electric energy to mechanical energy are analyzed; the motion and force transfer mechanism are analyzed for the longitudinal-bending vibrator. 3.Based on mode assumption and Hamilton principle, the coupling model of piezoelectric vibrator of linear USM is built; moreover, the equivalent circuit model is obtained and a coupling equation represents the relation between electric parameters and mechanical parameters is derived which provides foundation to match the vibrator and driving circuit. 4.Combine the constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic with elastic-dynamical equation, geometric equation in force field and the Maxwell equation in electric field and the corresponding boundary condition equation, the FEM control equation for piezoelectric vibrator of USM to solve dynamic electro-mechanical coupling field is established by employing the principle of virtual displacement. The equation lays the foundation to study the non-linear constitutive equation of piezoelectric ceramic driven by high-power. 5.Define the dynamic indexes of characteristic of vibrator and carry out variable parameters simulation by calculating the model parameters and the electric characteristics of vibrator are simulated according to the equivalent circuit model. By numerical experimentation, the working mode of vibration of vibrator and the shock excitation results of the working frequency band which provides the mode frequency to realize bimodal are analyzed. Detailed calculation of the electro-mechanical coupling field parameters is made by programming the FEM control equation.

本课题从理论模型、有限元数值试验、有限元控制模型等方面以复合振动模式振子为例对超声电机压电振子的动力学特性及其分析方法进行了全面系统地研究，得出了许多有价值的结论，主要概括如下： 1、阐述了目前针对超声电机压电振子的主要建模方法，对压电振子动态特性的研究意义和必要性进行了论述，突出了本文研究内容的迫切性； 2、以压电陶瓷诱发弹性体发生弯曲变形为例，分析了压电陶瓷通过诱发应变来实现机电能量转换的机理；对基于纵弯模式的压电振子的运动及动力传递机理进行了分析； 3、基于模态假定，利用分析动力学的Hamilton原理，建立了面向直线超声电机压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型，并据此建立了压电振子的等效电路模型，导出了电参量与动力学特性参量的耦合方程，为压电振子与驱动电路的匹配提供了依据； 4、从压电陶瓷的本构方程出发，综合力场的弹性动力学方程、几何方程、电场的麦克斯韦方程以及相应的边界条件方程，采用虚位移原理，建立了压电振子动态问题机电耦合场求解的有限元控制方程，为研究其大功率驱动下的非线性本构模型奠定了基础； 5、界定压电振子的动力学特性指标，对压电振子的机电耦合动力学模型参数进行计算及变参数仿真；依据等效电路模型，对压电振子的电学特性进行了仿真分析；通过有限元数值实验，对压电振子工作模态附近的模态振型及工作频率附近的频段进行了激振效果分析，找出了实现模态简并的激振频率；利用有限元控制方程，通过编程计算，对压电振子的力电耦合场参数进行了详细计算，得出了一些有价值的结论。

This paper firstly analyses the concept, character, and content of consumer's right of rescission in direct selling.

本文首次分析了直销交易消费者反悔权的概念与性质，完整地概括了该权利的内容。

His works adopt a literal approach to satirize the current relationship between men and society, art and artist that in my view can be both documentary and an overview.

他的作品，以直接的方式，反讽地显明了社会与人，艺术与艺术家的当下状态，具有某种概括式的记录性。

Can you summarize the differences of the American, Spanish and Chinese culture a little bit?

你能小小地概括一下美国，西班牙和中国文化不同吗？

This article reviewed synthetic technology,structure,properties and applications of star-shaped LCBR,including current status on research,production and developments.

本文较详细地介绍了星形低顺式聚丁二烯的合成工艺、结构、性能和用途，并对国内外星形LCBR的研究和生产情况及其发展动态进行了简单的概括。

In the first part, the opinions and ideas from some main figures concerning the North-western regions in modern history; In the second part, the process of three vital stages(Yang-Wu Movement, the "New Deal" in the last period of Qing Dynasty, Anti-Japanese War) are studied, and the characteristics of each stage are generalized falling into four categories, such as: military、feudal、comprador and nation-monopoly etc; In the third part, four reasons of the low efficiency of the industrial and mineral exploration are explored, they are the dominant role natural economy, the low level of productive forces, the science and technology, lack of capital accumulation and investment, lack of systematic policies and support from the government, In a word, as Mao Tsetung said:"It"s impossible to get rich, develop industry, strengthen national defence in semi-colonel and semi-feudal China.

全文共分四部分，第一部分论述了近代一些主要的阶级关注西北的言论和思想；第二部分对西北近代工矿业开发的三个最重要的阶段，即洋务运动时期、清末"新政"时期、抗日战争时期的开发过程做了梳理，并对每一个阶段的特点做了初步地概括，大致可以归纳为军事性、封建性、买办性以及国家垄断性等；第三部分对西北近代工矿业开发成效不高的原因做了论述，主要有四点：第一，小农业与家庭手工业紧密结合的自然经济占统治地位；第二，生产力水平低下，科学技术落后；第三，缺乏资金的积累和投入；第四，缺乏政府系统的政策支持和保障。

Hence, it follows to say that the connotations of the concepts of inclusive relation serve as a reliable theoretical ground for the syllogistic theory of the standards for valid alternation by following the general rules.

本文围绕三段论一般规则的理论依据、证明过程等问题，评价了以往的工作，在其基础之上，实事求是地提炼出了三段论一般规则新的理论依据──包含关系概念的内部联系规律。新概括的依据，不仅能直

In this paper,we first introduce the concept and the researchcategory of group decision making,then give a synoptic review of the research of group de-cision making.

本文首先对群决策的概念和研究的范畴进行介绍，然后简要地概括和评述群决策理论和方法的研究进展，并且对群决策

This is the spirit of ceaseless self-improvement people can achieve more with this belief. Tai Lihua, the performer of 'The Thousand-Hand Goddess of Mercy', once described her philosophy of life as this, 'In fact, the life of each person is the same. This can't be perfect and it's not what you can choose.

人类的自强不息就是在你行我也行的口号中挖掘着潜能，千手观音的表演者邰丽华曾经用这样的文字，精辟而质朴地概括了自己的人生哲学：其实所有人的人生都是一样的，有圆有缺有满有空，这是你不能选择的。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。