概括

Aiming at OQL, we treated type as monoid (collection monoid and primitive monoid), and used monoid comprehension as OQL's intermediate representation. Therefore we can merge the rewrite rules for a number of collection types, then employ monoid comprehension in defining algebraic operators, as cut out the limit that in relational algebra/calculus algebraic operators are only for set.

针对ODMG-2.0的对象查询语言OQL，我们把类型提高到幺群级，然后从幺群概括入手，用幺群概括作为OQL的查询中间表示，统一了多种聚集类型的重写规则，幺群概括还被我们用于定义代数操作符，这使得代数操作符突破了关系代数/演算中只针对集合的局限。

In Chinese-English legal translation, all-inclusiveness in the original text should be fully represented.

概括*法律语言的汉英翻译应该如实反映原文的概括*特征。

The subject of the full text builds up and divides six major chapters together: Chapter 1 is the foreword, and has studied the current situation and refined and summarized to value and meaning of the selected title background of the thesis, selected title abroad synthetically; Chapter 2, have carried on science to define to the intension of responsibility and governments relevant concepts of responsibility, have explained that constructs the necessity of the responsibility government and realistic meaning; Chapter 3, ility the intension made of the responsibility has been carried on science solves and constructs, summarize the political function and basic principle of administration asking responsibility system, and the logic relation between administration asking and the responsibility government of the responsibility has been analysed scientifically; Chapter 4, has used the administrations of western countries for reference and administration asking responsibility system and high-ranking official asking system of Hong Kong area of our country and the successful experience, expect to the institutional improvement of the administration asking responsibility system of our country can be beneficial; The whole chapter 5, the current administration asking system of our country that has implemented the state and carried on objective analysis in responsibility system, have pointed out a series of questions and not complete places exposed in institutional improvement, and has carried on network analysis from two visual angles of the traditional political culture ecology and system factor aspect to the reason why the question emerges; Chapter 6, the responsibility system has carried on tentative countermeasure analysis and discussion in perfecting the administration of our country, separately from improving the environment of administration asking responsibility and reinventing the culture of administration asking responsibility, devoting more efforts to asking the responsibility in allosome, strengthen the related institutional improvement of administration asking responsibility system, etc.

全文主体架构共分6大章节：第1章为引言，对论文选题背景、选题价值与意义及国外内研究现状进行了综合提炼与概括；第2章，对责任和责任政府相关概念的内涵进行了科学界定，并阐述了构建责任政府的必要性和现实意义：第3章，对行政问责制的内涵进行了科学解构，概括了行政问责制的政治功能及其基本原则，并对行政问责制与建立责任政府的逻辑关系进行了科学分析；第4章，借鉴了西方国家行政问责制度及我国香港地区高官问责制的成功经验，以期对我国行政问责制度建设能有所裨益；第5章，对我国现行行政问责制度实施状况进行了客观分析，指出了在制度建设过程中暴露出来的一系列问题和不完善之处，并对产生这些问题的原因从传统政治文化生态及制度因素层面两个视角进行了系统分析；第6章，对健全和完善我国行政问责制度进行了尝试性的对策分析与探讨，分别从完善行政问责环境、重塑行政问责文化，加大异体问责的力度，加强行政问责制配套制度建设及行政问责制立法等角度提出了完善的措施和途径。

Mr. Ying Yuandao ever summarized the discussions on the Christianity Localization Movement in China in the 1920s, and held that the so-called localized Christian churches should have the following characteristics:"First, churches of the Chinese; Second, set up according to the experiences of the Chinese Christians; Third, with rich quality of Chinese culture; Fourth, combine Christianity and Chinese culture into a whole; Fifth, suits the spirits and psychology of the Chinese People; Sixth, enables the religious life and experience of the Chinese Christians to be adapted to Chinese customs"1. In the 1960s, Japanese scholar Sumiko Yamamoto made more detailed summarization for the definition of the Localization Movement of the Churches in China in her article "The Independent Movement of Christianity in China in the 1920s":"First, churches are formed of Chinese; Second, churches are independent in administration and operation; Third, churches have independence in the economic aspect; Fourth, churches are adapted to the Chinese in the aspects of church building, divine music, divine painting and liturgy etc. Fifth, accommodate the sacrificial fete and customs of the Chinese and Christianize them; Sixth, churches must be involved in the practical issues in the State and the society of China; Seventh, churches must get rid the tradition and colors of the European and American churches; Eighth, churches must be able to control themselves, sustain themselves and spread by themselves."

应元道先生曾对20世纪20年代开展的中国基督教本色运动的讨论加以概括，认为所谓本色的基督教会应有以下几个特点："一是中华国民的教会；二是根据中国基督教徒自己的经验而设立的；三是富有中国文化的质素的；四是要把基督教与中国文化合而为一的；五是能适合中华民族的精神和心理的；六是能使中国基督徒的宗教生活和经验合乎中国风土的" [1]。60年代，日本学者山本澄子在其所著的《二十年代中国基督教的自立运动》一文中，对中国教会本色化运动的定义作了更详细的概括："一，以中国人为教会的构成；二，教会的行政与运作等方面的自立；三，教会在经济方面的自立；四，教会在教堂建筑、圣乐、圣画、礼拜仪式等方面的中国化；五，容纳中国人的祭祀与习俗，并与基督教化；六，教会要置身于中国国家与社会的现实问题之内；七，教会要除去欧美教会的传统与色彩；八，教会要能自治、自养、自传。"

"Intellectual economy " it is in recent years the people description to prospective world economy is mixed wraparound, but I think this kind is generalized is a mistake.

"知识经济"是近年来人们对未来世界经济的描述和概括，但我认为这种概括是错误的。

In the first place, on the base of studies concept ascending and attribute dependency, we forward a method to select attribute value partition, which can effectively resolve the problem of minimum faith and minimum support, in order to induct potential knowledge from standard discrete symbolic data, the dissertation studies join operation for generating candidate set and delete operation for deleting redundant equivalence class, and propose an recursion algorithm to realize highly generalization of data.

首先在研究概念爬升方法和Rough集理论中属性隶属度原理的基础上提出了一个划分属性值区间的算法，该算法能够有效的解决最小支持度问题和最小信任度问题。进而为了从已离散化的数据中概括出潜在的规则，研究了生成侯选集的交运算方法和排除冗余等价类的删除方法，然后利用循环推进机制实现对数据的概括。

Factor analysis is a very popular multivariate statistical analysis method. It can summarize some unobservable factors from the test results which can summarize most of the observed data. The factor analysis suggest the DP, furfuran and CO_X can be divided into insulation aging factor, while the hydrocarbon gas and hydrogen were divided into another group which can be called insulation fault factor. The result of the factor analysis

因子分析作为一种常用的多元统计分析方法，可从众多可观测变量中，概括和推论出少数不可观测的潜变量，用最少的因子去概括和解释大量的观测事实；本文将试验过程中90℃下油中溶解气体、绝缘聚合度、糠醛等参量进行因子分析，结果表明：绝缘聚合度、糠醛、CO_x被分为一类，代表绝缘老化因子：烃类、氢气、被分为一类，代表绝缘故障因子；因子分析结果与现场经验一致，相互印证，具有重要意义。

The impact of quantitative methods makes the situation of case studies even more precarious.

针对个案研究面临的上述问题，本文考察了四种主要处理方式：超越个案的概括、个案中的概括、分析性概括以及扩展个案方法。

Based on the semantic relatedness effects, this essay systematically studies the phonetic and the graphemic relatedness...

结果表明：(1)采用单个汉字或双字词为材料的实验发现了语音、字形关联效应，这说明模糊痕迹理论中的语义表征可有效的推广到对字形、语音的概括表征；(2)对事件的细节性表征和概括性表征是相对的，在不同的任务下可以发生转化，转化遵循&认知经济&的原则；(3)只有一定程度的概括性才能引发关联效应，概括性存在水平高低之分，高水平的概括能导致更多的记忆错觉，概括水平过低不能引发记忆错觉；(4)关联效应的产生既与学习阶段相关，又与测验阶段相联系，其产生机制非常复杂。

Based on the semantic relatedness effects, this essay systematically studies the phonetic and the graphemic relatedness effects in Chines...

结果表明：(1)采用单个汉字或双字词为材料的实验发现了语音、字形关联效应，这说明模糊痕迹理论中的语义表征可有效的推广到对字形、语音的概括表征；(2)对事件的细节性表征和概括性表征是相对的，在不同的任务下可以发生转化，转化遵循&认知经济&的原则；(3)只有一定程度的概括性才能引发关联效应，概括性存在水平高低之分，高水平的概括能导致更多的记忆错觉，概括水平过低不能引发记忆错觉；(4)关联效应的产生既与学习阶段相关，又与测验阶段相联系，其产生机制非常复杂。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。