概念上的

While traditional farming experiences and preliminary experiments on minimum tillage showed a preference of alternating furrow slice inverting and deep loosening without inverting in some of the agricultural regions in China, the development of a PTO driven furrow slice inverting rotary plow as primary tillage implement inplace of the conventional moldboard plow was justified from the standpoint of less tractor traffic, less soil compaction, less energy consumption, sowing in time etc.

从翻耕或翻耕与深松相交替将在相当广大的地区、相当长的时期内，作为一种基本的田间作业环节而存在这一认识出发，用"假想旋翻垡片"的概念研究了旋翻在几何尺寸上的可能性及其限制条件，并从保省耕作法的节能、赶农时、省人工减少土壤压实、经济高效等方面对旋翻进行了考察，指出发展一种动力驱动、原沟旋转翻垡的基础耕具的必要性和可行性。

To provide effective and efficient solutions to the scheduling problems in discrete job shop with multiple cells each having flexible process routings, this dissertation presents a Holon-based autonomic and coordinated intelligent scheduling technique, which is integrated with reinforcement-learning-based contract net protocol and modified filtered-beam-search algorithms, based on the recent researches in Agent or Holon-based decentrated production scheduling. The proposed intelligent scheduling technique is studied based on the key techniques of Agent or Holon-based autonomic and coordinated scheduling, i.e., encapsulation of entities, the control architectures, coordinated mechanism and core autonomic algorithms.

本论文在充分吸收近十余年间基于Agent或Holon的非集中式生产调度最新研究成果基础上，以具有生产加工柔性的、多单元、离散作业型制造车间为研究对象，围绕基于Holon的协商与自治调度关键技术(实体封装、控制体系结构、协商机制和核心算法)展开研究，提出了基于Holon概念模型的、集成强化学习机制的合同网协议和改进过滤定向搜索算法的自治与协商智能调度技术，以提供实用有效的求解方法、改善柔性制造车间适应内部动态环境和外部市场快速变化的能力。

A large number of results from the study indicate that there is a close connection between stock price and trading volume. This paper uses econometric tools, draws on the plasticity and elastic conceptions in the mechanics fields and considers the relation between stock prices and trading volume in different aspects, in order to set up complete stock price plasticity and elasticity theory and apply this theory by carrying on empirical researches.

首先，本文介绍了股价波动的塑性和弹性理论的思想来源，定义股票均衡价格、股价塑性、股价弹性等新概念，通过选取某些个股在不同时段上的股价和成交量的走势图，分别说明了塑性和弹性现象的存在；然后建立了股价的塑性模型、弹性模型及弹塑性交叉模型，应用计量经济学方法对这些模型进行参数估计和检验，对模型进行理论解释，分析模型与现有投资分析理论的一致性；最后是对股票价格塑性模型和弹性模型的应用研究。

In that old day, the English settler on these rude shores- having left king, nobles, and all degrees of awful rank behind, while still the faculty and necessity of reverence were strong in him- bestowed it on the white hair and venerable brow of age; on long-tried integrity; on solid wisdom and sad-coloured experience; on endowments of that grave and weighty order which gives the idea of permanence, and comes under the general definition of respectability.

在那旧时的岁月，移民到这片荒滩上的英国定居者，虽然已经把王公贵族以及种种令人生畏的显要抛在脑后，但内心中仍有很强的敬畏的本能和需要，便将此加诸老者的苍苍白发和年迈的额头，加诸久经考验的诚笃，加诸坚实的智慧和悲哀色彩的经历，加诸那种庄重的制度中的才能——那种制度来自"体面"的一般涵义并提供永恒的概念。

Based on the comprehensive researchof fundamental geopolitical theories,the dissertation reveals a dichonomic structure--the most important content and characteristic of geopolitics——influenceinternational relations with some disciplines by special modes;fourthly,with the logicof dichonomy,the dissertation analyses and researches the geopolitical position andstrategies of China,as one of the most important powers in the Rimland.

地缘政治学的基本理论不过对此作出了理论上的反馈；4、以二分论的理论逻辑，分析和研究了作为边缘地带最重要的大国之一、而又必须处理好海陆关系的中国的地缘政治地位和地缘政治战略，提出了要从地缘位置的一分为二到地缘选择的合二而一，对中国的地缘战略进行新的定位。应该指出的是，虽然本文追述了西方地缘政治学的一些基本理论和观点，但是本文的基本概念、主要观点、研究角度、逻辑论证和最后结论都是作者本人提出的。

This means that the understanding of agricultural activities is still an important element in understanding modern rurality.

乡村性是描述、判断乡村之所以为乡村的标准，过去许多研究倾向透过实证取径的指标测量，描述乡村性组成之元素，对这样的研究而言，农业生产仅是对乡村性探讨中的一个变项，在农业活动已然式微的今日乡村中，有些学者认为农业已失去在乡村性讨论上的重要性，然而本研究从社会再现的观点思考乡村性，认为乡村居民日常言语所透露出的概念、意象、符号可作为描绘乡村形象的依据，而乡村民众日常言语的表现，又受其生活经验、所接收资讯等的影响，对部分生活在乡村的居民而言，仍视农业为其最重要的生活经验，这说明了对农业活动的理解，仍是探讨乡村性一个重要的面向。

Some concepts about the reliability are described, and the method for calculating the reliability of system is provided by making linear substitution. While taking Stochastic Finite Element Method into the reliability calculation, a Nonlinear SFEM model is founded, and methods to resolve some problems in SFEM calculation are given. So as to the calculation of the force boundary, a method in FEM is provided for sabot pressure calculation, base of this, the numerical calculation model is carried out.

给出了弹丸发射强度可靠性计算中的一些理论和概念；给出了串联系统可靠性的逐步线性等效计算方法；将随机有限元方法引入可靠性计算中，建立了弹丸发射时的非线性随机有限元计算模型，并给出了计算中的一些问题的处理方法；在随机有限元的载荷边界的计算中，提出了弹带压力的有限元计算方法和在有限元求解思想上的数值计算模型。

This paper questions the conception of semantic redundancy in the Information Theory and holds that the means of making what is implicit explicit will constrain the potential system of language at the cost of aesthetic construct, thus resulting in a paradox between semantic redundancy and dynamic equivalence. To some extent, the contradiction derives from the fuzzy definition of "dynamic equivalence" by Eugene A.

本文对信息论中的语义冗余概念提出质疑，认为：平衡语言顺序和事件的非语言顺序的翻译法不具有普适性；"音译加类词"不构成严格意义上的翻译；尤其重要的是，文学翻译中隐含信息的显化，会封闭译文意义的潜势系统，造成审美构成和信息的减损，使译文读者不能产生类似于原文读者的审美感受，由此导致译文与原文之间的不等效。

The Theory about Individual's Quality Structure said that Quality is not an abstract and unmeasured "psychological character".

1问题的提出个体素质结构理论[1]是构建在心理学研究成果的实验、理论基础上的，运用系统科学来建立模型，指出素质并不是一种抽象的、个体的、内在的、不可直接测量的"心理品质"，而是一种综合的"概念"。

In this thesis, the digitization, informationization, modelization and videotex of research on ecological environment security were achieved by using RS-GIS-EIS integrated technology.

论文的创新和特色在于，首次提出土地生态环境安全的概念，将生态安全研究的理论与方法引入土地生态环境安全研究中，并在这些理论和方法的指导下进行了吉林西部土地生态环境安全的研究；首次在吉林西部地区进行了土地生态环境敏感性评价，从土壤退化和土地盐碱化敏感性评价反映了吉林西部土地生态环境不安全的潜在危机；构建了土地生态环境安全评价的压力-状态-响应指标体系，该体系既体现了指标总体上的因果关系，又渗透了生态环境与经济的可持续发展；在土地生态环境安全评价过程中，本文提出用栅格点状评价单元和行政区面状评价单元结合的方法进行土地生态环境安全评价，使评价结果和分区更加精确；首次进行生态安全预警的研究。

They weren't aggressive, but I yelled and threw a rock in their direction to get them off the trail and away from me, just in case.

他们没有侵略性，但我大喊，并在他们的方向扔石头让他们过的线索，远离我，以防万一。

In slot 2 in your bag put wrapping paper, quantity does not matter in this case.

在你的书包里槽2把包装纸、数量无关紧要。