概况

The development and research progress of ground deformation induced by pipe jacking construction was reviewed in the paper.

对顶管施工引起的地面变形计算方法的发展概况及研究进展进行了分析，把地面变形计算方法归纳为现场监测方法、数值计算方法、理论方法和实例数据分析法，并进行了比较，以更好地指导工程施工。

Combined with the project general situation,it introduces the whole setting of portal jib crane ,represents the construction process and methods of using portal jib crane batch by batch,consolidation large-tonnage steel box girder,steel girder spanning by using drag put up girder,so to increase the construction progress and construction quality.

结合工程概况，对龙门桁吊的总体布置情况进行了介绍，阐述了利用龙门吊分节段吊装、拼装大吨位钢箱梁，用拖拉架梁进行钢梁架设的施工步骤与方法，从而提高了施工进度和施工质量。

Part one: a general introduction to Kazak people.

第一部分：哈萨克族概况介绍。

This paper first briefly sums up the relationship between a default option pricing model and the solution to the Klein model, discussing the factors which impact the options pricing.

本论文首先简单总结了有违约风险期权定价模型的发展概况，然后针对到期日发生违约的Klein模型，运用蒙特卡罗模拟方法进行计算，并且比较了模拟解和由Klein模型公式解的关系，讨论了影响该期权定价的各个因素。

The technology of new kinds of kraft paper products was also discussed.

本文分析了牛皮纸的发展概况，讨论了发展牛皮纸新品种的一些生产技术问题。

The general situation of developmenet of kraft paper was introduced.

本文分析了牛皮纸的发展概况，讨论了发展牛皮纸新品种的一些生产技术问题。

The development of antibiotics agents and β-lactam antibiotics were briefly described in this paper, both the development of cephalosporins and the characteristics of Cefradine were introduced.

本论文简述了抗生素及β—内酰胺类抗生素的发展概况，详细介绍了头孢菌素类抗生素的进展与第一代头孢菌素类药物——头孢拉定的特点，着重研究了头孢拉定的合成。

The development of antibiotics agents and β-lactam antibiotics were briefly described in this paper, both the development of cephalosporins and the characteristics of Cefradine were introduced. The synthesis of Cefradine was studied particularly.

本论文简述了抗生素及β—内酰胺类抗生素的发展概况，详细介绍了头孢菌素类抗生素的进展与第一代头孢菌素类药物——头孢拉定的特点，着重研究了头孢拉定的合成。

Preparation demand for concentratedly fracturing fluid is analyzed theoretically and the technique to prepare it is researched in the technology of "preparing while injecting". Stable lactescence should be prepared at first, and then a thickener should be added.

本文从水力压裂入手，综述了压裂液及其添加剂的发展概况，从理论上分析了"边配边注"技术中"浓缩压裂液"配制要求，研究了配制浓缩压裂液的工艺：应该是先配制稳定的乳状液，然后再添加稠化剂。

Chapter Two focuses on Laurence's life and writing, including her works and literary viewpoint.

第一章简要介绍了加拿大英语文学的概况和加拿大当代最优秀的小说家之一玛格丽特·劳伦斯以及国内外劳伦斯研究的现状。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。