椎关节

There may be varying degrees of posterior element fracture and comminution of the spinous process, lamina, and lateral masses in association with burst, sagittal and/or coronal fractures of the vertebral body leading to the "so-called" teardrop fracture.

它或者发生于纯粹的平移，或围绕单个完整小关节的旋转平移（如单侧小关节的骨折或脱位）。进行亚分类的基本特征和区分平移或旋转损伤在于骨折是否累及了椎体，以及神经系统损伤的表现、严重性和残余的压迫症状。

BACKGROUND: The entry point and direction of screw, iliosacral screw length, S1 pedicle screw shape and iliosacral joint adjacent structure understandings are key factors for successful iliosacral screw fixation.

背景：正确地选择进针点、进针方向和骶髂螺钉长度，以及对S1椎弓根形状和骶髂关节毗邻结构解剖的了解成为骶髂关节螺钉置入成败的关键。

The animal test showed zygapophysial joint play an important role in interbody fusion.

动物实验表明切除单侧关节突关节将显著影响椎间融合。

The patients were divided into a needie-knife treatment group treated with needle-knife therapy at the upper and lower interspinal ligaments of the affected vertebral body and bilateral posterior joint capsules; and the acupuncture control group were treated with acupuncture at Laozhen, Ashi points and cervical Jiaji points, etc.

采用多中心临床随机对照试验方法，将患者分为针刀治疗组（在患椎上下棘间韧带和两侧后关节的关节囊处行针刀治疗）与针刺对照组（穴取落枕、阿是穴、颈夹脊等），在疗程结束时和治疗结束后6个月分别统计近、远期疗效。

A plaster-alone or with the use of internal medicine attending various parts spur bone disease, osteoporosis hyperplasia, cervical spondylosis, omarthritis, lumbar disc herniation, cervical and lumbar spinal stenosis, ankylosing Spondylitis, rheumatoid joint disease, rheumatoid ankylosis deformation, women, child diseases, bruises and bone disease sequelae such as rheumatoid problems with.

一贴张膏药单独使用或配合内服中药主治各部位骨病骨刺，骨质增生、颈椎病、肩周炎、腰间盘突出，颈腰椎椎管狭窄，强直性脊柱炎，风湿关节病、类风湿关节强直变形，妇女月子病，跌打损伤及后遗症等风湿骨病疑难症。

Fusion can provide stabilization for atlanto-axial joint, but it restricts the movement between atlas and axis and induces degeneration and instablility of unfused cervical spine.

本研究旨在开发一种人工寰齿关节，临床应用它来治疗寰枢椎脱位与不稳，以达到既恢复寰枢关节的稳定性又保留其运动功能的目的。

Objective: To study the relationship between sympathetic nerve and the branches of primary sensory neurons innervating cervical zygapophyseal joint ,and to explore the mechanism of the external intervertebral foramens cervical nerve compression syndrome with neck shoulder pain and the symptom of head and face regions.

目的 ：研究交感神经与支配颈椎关节突关节的初级感觉神经元分支的关系，探讨椎孔外颈神经受压产生颈肩痛和头面部症状的机制。

OBJECTIVE: To explore cervical adjacent zygapophyseal joint stress distribution following two level ADR and anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, so as to provide biomechanical reference for clinical application of two level ADR.

目的：观察轴向载荷对双节段颈椎人工椎间盘置换和前路椎间融合内固定对邻下位节段关节突关节内压力的影响，以期为双节段人工颈椎间盘置换的临床应用提供生物力学依据。

But the incidence of adjacent level intervertebral disc pathology secondary to anterior cervical fusion with allograft, by changing the pressures on zygapophyseal joints and the motional mechanics between segments, has been well documented in clinical and laboratory settings.

前路颈椎间盘切除、椎间植骨融合术为目前治疗脊髓型和神经根型颈椎病的常规术式，但研究发现由于改变了相邻节段椎间盘、关节突关节压力和节间运动力学，导致手术后相邻节段退变。

In patients with facet hypertrophy, foraminal narrowing can actually cause radicular symptoms.72–74,135 A second confounding factor is that the best prevalence studies used comparative MBB to estimate l-z joint pain.

伴有小关节增生，椎间孔狭窄的患者亦可产生确切的根性疼痛症状。另一个混杂因素是研究流行病学时最好用对照性的MBB来估计小关节疼痛。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。