椎关节

［Objective］ To investigate the stability and function of atlantoaxial segment after atlas odontoid process artificial joint replacement.

［目的］测试寰椎齿状突人工关节置换后寰枢椎的稳定性和功能。

Results In the 43 cases,there were 12 cases C1 fractures,20 C2 spinous process fracture,4 C2 axoid fractures,4 Hangman fracture,and rotated atlantoaxial dislocation in 1.Only 1 case was simple ligamentum transversum injury.

结果 43例中，C1骨折12例，C2齿状突骨折20例，C2椎体骨折4例，C2椎弓骨折4例，单纯性寰枢关节旋转脱位2例，单纯横韧带损伤1例。

Posterior atlantoaxial transarticular screw fixation combined with wiring has been widely used for patients with reducible atlantoaxial subluxation.

经后路寰枢椎经关节螺钉联合钢丝固定已经广泛应用于可复位的寰枢椎半脱位患者。

Besides, TLIF need to resect the articular process unilaterally, and it will lead to decrease the stability postoperatively. Intertransverse lumbar interbody fusion is performed through the intertransversse area, with no bony structure destroyed and veterbral canal offend.

而TLIF通过切除一侧关节突后，斜向通过椎管侧方进行椎体间融合，降低了神经根、马尾及硬膜损伤的可能性，并可减少术后腰椎不稳、滑脱等并发症的发生，临床应用广泛。

Appendix bone fracture the vertebral arch root spacing increases or de- creased neurocanal was pressed, the neurocanal was narrowed, small joint was disordered and dislocated the interver- tebral disc was prominent and spinal cord was pressed.

附件骨折压迫椎管，继发椎管狭窄，小关节紊乱、脱位，椎间盘突出，脊髓受压。

One screw penetrated into the occipitoatlantal joint, and the other one slightly breached the ertebral artery grooe but did not injure ertebral artery. None of these 2 screws was associated with clinical sequelae. There were 2 patients who had postoperatie iatrogenic C2–C3 instability on dynamic radiograph, which did not need treatment.

一颗螺钉穿入寰枕关节，另一颗螺钉轻微突破椎动脉沟但是未损伤椎动脉。2颗螺钉均为带来临床后遗症。2个病人在动态影象学观察下出现术后医源性C2-3失稳，但不需要处理。

OBJECTIVE: To observe the characteristics of vertebral pseudoarthrosis after thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture in five lateral radiographies.

目的：观察胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折后椎体假关节的5种体位X射线侧位平片的特点。

PARTICIPANTS: Thirty-one cases of thoracic or lumbar vertebral compression fracture admitted to this hospital, and vertebral pseudoarthrosis occurred in 11 cases including 2 males and 9 females with an average of 74.5 years (range 65-83 years).

对象：共收治胸、腰椎压缩性骨折患者31例，其中出现椎体假关节患者11例，男2例，女9例；年龄65~83岁，平均74.5岁；累及病变椎体：T11 3例；T12 7例；L3 1例。

BACKGROUND: Many clinical studies have demonstrated that pseudoarthrosis formation after thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture is often assessed using lateral films.

摘要背景：许多临床研究阐述了胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折后应用常规侧位片来评定是否有假关节形成，作者所查应用仰卧或俯卧侧位X射线片来诊断椎体真空征的文献较少。

Supine or prone lateral radiographs can precisely show vertebral pseudoarthrosis following thoracolumbar vertebral compression fracture.

仰卧、俯卧侧位X射线片能更为精确的显示胸腰椎椎体压缩性骨折后椎体假关节的存在。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。