植物起源的

The four-volume treatise on barnacles (1851-54), is used to investigate the central question of how species originate. And "The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex"(1871) is the point of departure for the inevitable chapter on human evolution.

作者同样援引对藤壶植物的四卷论述（1851-54），带我们走进了物种起源中心问题的探索；还有《人类的由来及性别选择》（1871），从这里，我们开始了对人类进化不可回避的讨论。

They are often morphologically distinct from A chromosomes, being smallerand more highly heterochromatic in most cases. B chromosomes do not pair with Achromosomes, and they are inherited in a non-Mendelian way, exhibiting meiotic andmitotic instability and nondisjunction. However, B chromosome DNA is quiteidentical to the corresponding sequence on the A chromosome complement. So far afew B chromosome specific DNA sequence have been identified. Specific DNAsequences on B chromosome have been the attractive research area on Bchromosomes.

现已在千余种植物和近三百种动物中被发现。B染色体与物种中正常染色体不同：独立于整倍体基因组之外，减数分裂时不与A染色体发生联会和配对，细胞分裂后期不分离，非孟德尔遗传，富含异染色质，不含对宿主主要性状有影响的基因等。B染色体DNA的分子组成既与A染色体极为相似，具有A染色体DNA分子组成的一般特征：富含重复序列和转座成分，染色体三大功能组件DNA高度同源；又与之相区别，含有B染色体特异的DNA序列，这些DNA序列可以为探讨B染色体的起源和进化提供有价值的信息。

The study on fossil Orthoptera is of great importance for the further progress in the proper understanding of the origin of Orthoptera, the coevolution between insects and plants, the changes of paleoclimate, etc.

直翅目化石的研究对昆虫的起源、昆虫与植物的协同演化及古气候的演变等研究提供线索。中国已发现的直翅目化石主要分布于辽、冀、内蒙古三省区，其地质时代大部分为中生代。

The purpose of this course is to study the microbiological science and to give students the basic knowledge further study of phytopathogenic microbiology. Course contents include the original of microbiology, chemical principles, microscopy and staining, morphology、structure and function of prokaryotic

本课程之目的，在使学生了解微生物的起源，化学的基本原理，显微镜与染色，原核生物与真核生物细胞之形态、构造及功能，微生物的生长与代谢，遗传与生物技术及微生物的防治，以增进学生未来在研究植物病原微生物之相关基础。

China was one of Pyrus genus provenances,Chinese pear played an important role in fruit production.Genetic linkage map of pearPyrus L.

我国是世界梨属植物的起源中心之一，梨树的栽培面积和产量均居世界首位，丰富的种质资源对于定位和克隆一些重要性状的基因及梨树分子遗传育种和种质改良具有重要的意义。

The book covers both plants and animals, and deals with all relevant areas of research, including biogeography, field work, systematics, theory, and genetic and molecular studies, with special emphasis to topics,including sympatric speciation, reinforcement, the role of hybridization in speciation, the search for genes causing reproductive isolation, and mounting evidence for the role of natural and sexual selection in the origin of species.

该书内容覆盖植物和动物，并且涉及所有相关的研究领域，包括生物地理学，野外工作，系统分类学，理论，和遗传和分子研究，特别强调了包括同区域物种形成，增强，杂交在物种形成中的作用，寻找导致生殖隔离的基因，寻找自然和性别选择在物种起源中作用的证据。

Focusing on the classification and application of the crabapples, making full use of the functions and characteristics of the crabapple gardens, the writer, on the basis of the botanical garden theory, puts forward the programming theory of the crabapple gardens and discusses the status and effects of the crabapple gardens in the construction of the urban views, combining with the urban development programming.

通过对海棠专类园的起源和发展的研究，对海棠专类园现状的总结，以植物专类园理论为基础，以海棠分类系统及应用为主要内容，追古思今，展望发展，推测趋势，提出海棠专类园的可行性，及海棠专类园的规划设计理论，并延展海棠专类园的功能和特性。

Udensis' genetic variation, its historical causes and dispersal, and references for the explanation of China's geological changes and post-Pleistocene geographical dispersal of plants.

由于七筋菇植物不同细胞型共存，两种细胞型的分布区相邻或重叠，为我们探讨七筋菇种群的遗传结构和遗传分化，多倍体的起源、扩散和演化，及其迁移路线提供了理想的天然研究场所。

Rock plant is collective name for an enormous range of plant, characterised by their generally small stature and brilliant flowers, rather than their mountain origins.

摇滚工厂是集体名称大量的植物，它们的普遍特点是小的地位和灿烂的花朵，而不是他们的山区起源。

And Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, Your father and your brothers have come to you.

47：5 法老对约瑟说，你父亲和你弟兄们到你这里来了。

Additionally, the approximate flattening of surface strip using lines linking midpoints on perpendicular lines between geodesic curves and the unconditional extreme value method are discussed.

提出了用测地线方程、曲面上两点间短程线来计算膜结构曲面测地线的方法，同时，采用测地线间垂线的中点连线和用无约束极值法进行空间条状曲面近似展开的分析。