植物形态学

During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中，湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略，主要有：1生活史方面，植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害；2形态学方面，植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外；3解剖学方面，植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用；4生理生化方面，植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压，清除胞内活性氧分子；5分子水平方面，植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

In addition, the edges, veins, skeleton and fissility of plant leaf are also primary features for plant morphology. So we also studied the method of the automatic extraction of these structural features from leaf images, which is a necessary step to design an automatic plant species system.

另外，叶片的叶缘、叶脉、骨架、裂深等叶片结构特征是植物数值分类学的主要分类性状，也是植物形态学分类的依据，通过数字图像处理技术实现这些性状的自动提取，是计算机辅助植物物种识别的重要内容和必然环节，所以对这些叶片结构特征的自动提取方法也进行了研究。

The methods and data of phytomorphology. phytotomy, phytoembryology. palynology. phytocytota.xonomy. phytochemistry and molecular systematics are referred to summarize the systematic status of the genus Gnetum in this paper.

本文参考植物形态学、植物解剖学、植物胚胎学、孢粉学、植物细胞分类学、植物化学和分子系统学等方面的资料，对买麻藤属植物的系统学位置进行总结。

Using computer graphics and plant morphological principle,the paper proposes the lotus flower modeling algorithm with the fractal technology according to different flower structures.

根据图形学原理和植物形态学原理，按照莲花的形态结构，提出了利用分形技术实现三维莲花的建模。

In this paper,the authors summarize studies on the origin of Boehmeria and advances in the study of genetic relationships of Boehmeria using morphological, chromosomal, isozyme and DNA marker techniques. The authors also put forward the future direction.

本文概述了苎麻属植物的起源中心以及植物形态学、染色体、同工酶与DNA分子标记等研究方法在苎麻属植物亲缘关系的研究进展，并对今后开展这方面研究提出了几个重要问题。

Textbook on plants morphology and cryptogamic flora.

植物形态学及孢子植物学讲义。

The methods of classical classification, integrating the study on seed morphology and leave epidemics morphology, along with phytomorphology, phytotomy, phytoembryology, palynology, phytocytotaxonomy, phytochemistry and molecular systcmatics, were used to revise and complete the former taxonomic system.

以经典植物分类学方法为基础，结合种子形态学和叶表皮形态学的实验研究，参考植物形态学、植物解剖学、植物胚胎学、孢粉学、植物细胞分类学、植物化学和分子系统学等方面的资料，对前人的五味子属分类系统进行修订和补充。

Based on the studies of specimens, taxonomic revision of the genus Kadsura Jussieu has been finished with special reference to seed morphology. Other information from phytomorphology, phytotomy, phytoembryology, phytocytotaxonomy, molecular systematics and phytochemistry etc.

本文主要根据对世界范围南五味子属Kadsura Jussieu植物标本的研究，结合种子形态方面的实验数据，参考植物形态学、植物解剖学、植物胚胎学、孢粉学、植物细胞分类学、分子系统学和植物化学等方面的资料，对世界性南五味子属植物作出全面的分类学修订。

The most significant variance lay in the 1000-seed-weight,followed by flag leaf length and inflorescence shape and then by distance between flag leaf and inflorescence with least in inflorescence length,plant form,leaf width and seed length.Meanwhile,morphological characteristics of D.glomerata have significant relationships: those with upright and constrictive inflorescences hav...

其中，种子千粒重变异最大；旗叶长度、花序形状次之；穗叶距、花药宽度、旗叶宽度等性状变异中等；而花序长度、株型、叶宽、种子长度变异最小。2鸭茅植物形态学特征间存在明显相关性，花序直立、紧缩的鸭茅，叶片窄长，茎秆粗壮，旗叶较长，雄性生殖器官发育良好，结种性能强；而花序下垂、开展的鸭茅则与之相反。3聚类分析表明，不同野生鸭茅种源可划分为3类，其中花序下垂种源聚于一类；而花序直立的种源分居另两类。4从形态学特征及相关农艺性状分析，花序直立的鸭茅更具开发利用潜力。

The results suggested that a low content of TCB and NAP would significantly influence the growth of rice seedling,presenting an important suggestion for water quality management during rice seedling period,and root length could act as an inference plant morphologic indicator for organic incident of TCB or NAP.

研究结果显示，水中微量的1，2，4-三氯苯和萘均会明显影响水稻幼苗的生长，这对水稻育秧期水质管理具有重要的参考意义，同时，根长可作为确定有机污染物发生事件的植物形态学参考指标。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。