植物学

Anna Lewington: Anna Lewington is a well-known writer and researcher who specializes in ethnobotany: the uses people make of plants.

Anna Lewington是知名的作家、人类植物学的专业研究员：所谓人类植物学就是指人类对植物的利用。

The author discuss the closely relationship of ethnobotany and plant resources exploitation based on the utilization of medicinal plant and indigenous knowledge system, and hope that ethnobotany exert strongly roles in Chinese Western Exploitation.

本文通过民族植物学在药用植物资源开发、民族民间传统知识系统的应用等方面，探讨民族植物学与植物资源开发的关系，期待这一学科在西部大开发中发挥更大的作用。

The states of Yunnan central parts and Guizhou western regions.In order to offer basic data of ethnobotany and tap M.nana Chavel in the west of China; we collected information of about 30 years, based on the viewpoints and methods of ethnobotany; and reported as follows: 1 The geographical distribution of the wild plants of M.nana Cheavl; 2 Concerning journalson the criticism and applications related to M.nana Cheavl; 3 Investigation of community culture, custom and non-governmental medicine related to M.nana Cheavl; 4 Modern research situations related to M.nana Cheavl.

为西部地区民族植物学研究及矮杨梅开发利用提供基础资料；笔者查阅了近来30年有关的文献资料，应用民族植物学观点和方法，对以下四个方面问题进行了报道：1野生植物矮杨梅的地理分布；2有关书著对矮杨梅应用的记载及考证；3矮杨梅与社区发展、民俗风情和民间药用调查；4矮杨梅的现代研究概况。

It contains entries dealing with various aspects of extant and fossil American plants and fungi, including systematics and floristics, morphology, and ecology, as well as economic botany and general botany (publications dealing with botanists, herbaria, etc.).

索引条目涉及美国现存的、化石的植物和真菌类的各方面信息，包括系统学、植物区系地理学、形态学和生态学，经济植物学和普通植物学，还涉及植物学家和标本的出版物信息。

As a result of analysis to many of the results of experiment, checked up on specimens, field investigation and combining with the theories of palaeobotany, comparative morphology, evolutional morphology of vascular plants and taxonomy, it can be concluded as following: the primitive sorts of Cycadaceae are the sorts that pinnate leafs are dichotomy; among these, the sort that pinnate leafs are tripinnate-dichotomy is most primitive, from this sort gradually evolve to bipinnate-dichotomy, to only for monopinnate-dichotomy, from this sort evolve to the sorts that pinnate leafs are simply pinna; among the sorts of simply pinna, the species that segments of megasporophyll possess much more triplicate to monodichotomy are most primitive.

经过大量的实验结果分析、查阅标本和野外调查，结合古植物学、比较形态学、演化植物学和分类学等理论进行分析，认为苏铁科原始的类型为羽叶呈二歧状分叉的种类，其中最原始的又是羽叶呈三回二歧状分叉的种类，从这个羽叶类型逐渐演化出一回二歧状分叉的羽叶类型，再演化出羽叶为单羽状的类型；而单羽状叶的类群中，又以大孢子叶侧裂片具三回、二回及一回二歧状分叉数量多的种类为最原始，而侧裂片二歧状分叉数量少的为较进化，侧裂片无二歧分叉的如拳叶苏铁类为最进化的种类。

The page also introduces Jim's short Botanical glossary, Pteridophyte glossary, Lichen glossary, Fungi glossary, Bryological glossary providing by Missouri Botanical Garden and Glossary of Botanical Terms providing by The Garden Web.

该网页还介绍了吉姆植物学短词汇、蕨类和裸子植物词汇、地衣词汇、真菌词汇、由密苏里植物园提供的苔藓类词汇和由植物园网提供的植物学术语词汇等数据库。

J. E. Smith's English Botany is often known as Sowerby's Englis Botany, since the latter drew the plates.

J.E.Smith 的《英国植物学》该书因由索尔比绘制图板，故通常又叫《索尔比英国植物学》。

Their ethnobotanical knowledge possess the characteristic of grassland herding nationality, included the contents of plant nomenclature, classification, uses, management and conservation, related to their subsistence economy, medicine, environment and culture, formed an integrated traditional botanical knowledge system.

阿鲁科尔沁蒙古民族植物学知识包括了植物的命名、分类、利用、管理和保护等方面的内容，涉及到他们生计、经济、药物、环境和民族文化，形成了一个完整的传统植物学知识体系。

Among them , ethnobotanical study of forage plant, use value of plant, vernacular name of local places and folk songs are the new research aspects of ethnobotanical studies in China.

其中，对饲用植物、植物应用价值、地名和民歌中的民族植物学研究是我国民族植物学研究首次涉及的领域。

The paper discusses and analyzes the historical background and recent advances in the applied ethnobotanical research, with an emphasis on the ecological ideas and cultural traditions inherent in the traditional knowledge of forest and forest plant exploitation, the origin of both medicinal plants and plant cultivation as crops, and the history of their applications.

该文追溯了民族植物学的历史渊源，介绍了民族植物学的应用研究现状，森林与植物利用传统知识中隐含的生态学思想，森林与植物利用传统知识中的文化渊源，药用植物和栽培植物的起源及其应用历程研究。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。